[89] Large iron and steel conglomerate

Xiaoqiang looked at the prime minister with a bitter face and said, "I know, prime minister." Actually, the last time I shipped the seeds, I still feel guilty. ”

The prime minister leaned back on the sofa and said with a smile: "I still don't care about that incident, in fact, I want to praise you, you have bought so many advanced seedling cultivation equipment and brought back so many materials, which is a great achievement in itself, and I am still thinking about giving you a great credit." ”

The chairman took out the cigarette case and threw one to Xiaoqiang, Xiaoqiang was flattered and quickly took it, took out the ZIP and lit it for the chairman, the chairman took a puff of cigarette and said: "You also light it, don't be restrained, sit down and sit down." I heard about the seeds, so how can it be considered a mess, Minister of Agriculture Li Shucheng got the equipment and materials you sent, organized experts to study it overnight, and came to wake me up before dawn the next day.

The central authorities have decided that the Ministry of Agriculture will set up a science and technology department to strive to cultivate these high-quality and high-yield seeds as soon as possible according to the data, so that in the near future, the problem of feeding 540 million Chinese will be fundamentally solved. ”

The chairman took another puff of his cigarette, thought for a while, and then said: "You kid is not allowed to review casually in the future, you remember, in the future, your merits and demerits will be judged by the central government, you say it doesn't count, whoever says it doesn't count, whoever has an opinion to call him to come to me." ”

When Xiao Qiang heard this, the whole person was less than two or two light, and he floated up all of a sudden. All merits and demerits are left to the central government! This is not an easy sentence! How many people in the country are there for this treatment?

The prime minister jokingly said: "Did you hear it, the chairman is anxious to protect the calves, you remember, if you have something in the future, just go to the chairman and me, don't think about it yourself."

Regarding the construction of iron and steel enterprises, if you tell us more, it should be regarded as giving us a science popularization. ”

Xiaoqiang was a little frightened, picked up the teacup and said: "I don't know much about iron and steel enterprises, but since you said it, Prime Minister, I will roughly say what I know and make a reference for the leaders." ”

The chairman and the prime minister nodded, and the chairman took a sip of tea and said: "To put it bluntly, we laymen can understand what you want to say, so you can do it, otherwise you will be punished for writing a written report." After saying that, the chairman and the prime minister were happy.

Xiaoqiang said with a wry smile: "In fact, although the steel industry is very important, the scientific and technological content is not low, but in general, the concentrated embodiment of science and technology lies in two aspects, one is the energy consumed by tons of steel and the pollution of emissions; The second is how high the steel jishu index is produced. The pursuit of metallurgical science and technology in various countries is as simple as that.

The equipment I purchased was at the level of the late eighties and early nineties, The comprehensive energy consumption per ton of steel is about 1.5 tons of standard coal, although it is much worse than the comprehensive energy consumption of 0.5 to 0.6 tons of standard coal per ton of steel of some super large steel complexes, but compared with the 5 to 6 tons of standard coal of today's domestic steel mills, it is a world of difference, even now in 1950, the most haode steel mill in the United States, the comprehensive energy consumption per ton of steel is about 4 tons, it can be said that our equipment is now the most high-tech steelmaking equipment on Shijie. ”

Hearing this, the chairman and the prime minister couldn't hold back the smile on their faces at all, and their hearts were obviously happy.

Xiaoqiang continued: "I procured according to the planning drawings of a medium-sized steel conglomerate, from industrial oxygen production equipment to coal coking plants. To put it bluntly, the process of steelmaking is actually very simple, that is, the iron ore and coke, limestone, fluorite and other auxiliary materials are mixed and put into the blast furnace to burn molten iron, and then the slag is discharged.

The molten iron flowing out of the blast furnace is pig iron, which can meet the country's demand for pig iron. However, if you want to further obtain steel, you need to pour the blast furnace molten iron into the oxygen converter or electric arc furnace to continue refining, a blast furnace is often equipped with many furnaces, some of which can be added to scrap steel to improve the recycling rate of resources, and some furnaces can be added to alloys to produce alloy steel with various alloy characteristics. These processes are steelmaking. Electric arc furnace is a good thing, after coal power generation, electricity is used to make steel, and the comprehensive energy consumption per ton of steel has been reduced to less than 0.2 tons in 2011. Of course, the construction of this power plant is a large expense.

However, the large iron and steel complex is not just finished with the molten steel, the molten steel is sent to the refining equipment outside the furnace to continue to purify and process, also called secondary steelmaking, so that the performance of the molten steel is further improved. There are all kinds of secondary steelmaking equipment, and the characteristics of the steel are also varied, this step is the key to determining the quality of high-performance steel in a country, and various thermal processing technologies are also varied in this step.

The second part is a variety of cold processing technology, from these various furnaces, spray cans, dough mixers, and other refining equipment out of the molten steel, is poured into various casting molds cast into castings, after forming in the cutting and assembly plant with grinding machines or other machine tools for further cutting, grinding and shaping, it becomes a steel casting.

If the molten steel obtained from the refining equipment outside the furnace is cooled into ingots on the casting bed, and then sent to the heating furnace, heated like a piece of red bricks, pulled from the production line to various large forging hydraulic presses, processed into parts of various specifications and models, it is a further advanced processing, and the output is not called steel castings but forged steel parts.

Of course, these belong to advanced processing, the general molten steel does not need to enter the refining equipment outside the furnace for secondary steelmaking, it can be directly made into ingots, and then into the uniform furnace for heat treatment, baked into red bricks and then sent to the primary rolling mill, rolled into steel plates, and then sent to the heating furnace and then heated into red steel plates.

The next thing is the time to produce the product, one is to send it to the steel plate rolling mill to produce the medium and thick steel plate, and after the medium and thick steel plate is cut, it can be punched and rolled by the pipe making unit to make a steel pipe.

The second is to send into the long and cruel strip steel hot continuous rolling mill to continuously roll and stretch, there will be a thin hot-rolled plate strip, we see a large roll of toilet paper that is rolled up and stacked in the general thin steel plate is this hot-rolled plate strip, these thin steel plates can also be made into various caliber steel pipes with resistance welded pipe unit or spiral welded pipe unit and pressure welded pipe unit.

The third is to send it to the strip steel cold rolling mill and roll it into a cold-rolled plate and strip, this coil of steel strip can not be used to make pipes after such cold rolling, and they are sent to the electro-tin plating production line is the tinplate, and the hot-dip galvanizing production line is the ordinary galvanized sheet, and the electro-galvanized production line is the electro-galvanized sheet, and the paint anti-rust production line is the coating anti-rust steel plate, and so on, you can do all kinds of processing.

The aforementioned ingots can also be sent into various special rolling mills after the red pass, not to make plates, to make I-beams, half steel, T-shaped steel, rebar, corrugated steel, and rails, as long as you want to figure out the shape, make the corresponding special rolling mill, you are not afraid of not being able to build. It can even be sent into the endless wire and bar rolling mill, drawn into thin steel wire steel strips, and the small steel strips are coated with iron powder and other substances that are the welding rods we use. As for the wire, it is more useful.

If it is a stainless steel ingot, then after coming out of the heating furnace, it is necessary to use the "Senzimir" rolling mill, chew and slowly make the stainless steel ingot into stainless steel plates of various thicknesses, or send it to the seamless pipe rolling mill, knead it into round noodles, and use super long milling to turn from beginning to end to make stainless steel seamless steel pipe.

Xiaoqiang said a lot of sloppy nails, but it was very simple and easy to understand, and the second elder nodded frequently, Xiaoqiang was itchy and scratchy, and sold some simple common sense about various rolling mills, die-casting machines, forging machines, steel mills and coking plants attached to steel mills, and torpedo-type 60-ton mixers.

After Xiaoqiang completed his description of the steel complex in the vernacular, the chairman and the prime minister actually applauded, and the chairman took a sip of tea and said: "Very good, even I, an old man who has not been a steelworker for a day, understand, Xiaoqiang, you can ah, I think it is the material of the director of the Iron and Steel Department of the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry." ”

The prime minister said humorously: "I think it's okay, at least it's a deputy director." ”

Xiaoqiang sweated, and said in his heart, don't play with me, I am a major, and I will leave it after graduation, if I am asked to lead the steel industry, it is estimated that China will only be able to produce some strip steel.

Xiaoqiang hurriedly explained: "My knowledge is really shallow, I really want to talk about it in detail, the metallurgical jishu process, jishu specifications and special equipment can not be finished for three days and three nights, and the various research institutes that need to be established are at least more than 30, and the shortage of experts and senior jishu personnel in this area in my country at this stage, I think it is at least more than 30,000 people." ”

Speaking of Jishu personnel, the prime minister also frowned, looked at the coffee table in front of him and said: "So far, we have sent more than 1,000 students to study in the Soviet Union, and now we see that even if they are all sent to the Ministry of Metallurgy, it is not enough." ”

Xiao Qiangxin said that this has doubled the number of 400 students studying in the Soviet Union in the period of 1950.