Dalian, July 24, 1942. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

Since the launch of the general offensive yesterday, the iron-blooded column, the North Wind Column, the North Korean Column, and the Dalian Marine Corps outside the city have completely destroyed the fortifications built by the Japanese army outside the city and entered the city of Dalian.

A part of the Marines captured the Japanese batteries in Dalian Bay and other places from land. Today, the batteries were guarded by a small number of Japanese troops, and the marines, attacking from behind the Japanese troops on land, easily hit the soft underbelly of these coastal forts, and with only a few ordinary light and heavy weapons, occupied the batteries.

Because it has only been consumed recently and has not been replenished, there are not many Japanese troops stationed in Dalian at present, only more than 10,000. At first, there were only 3,000 people here, and after the tense situation in Manchuria, the base camp urgently sent soldiers to come. When several troop carriers were hit off the coast of Dalian, the troop transports stopped.

These Japanese soldiers were all new recruits, and most of them were very old and very young, and the base camp sent all the young and strong ones to Nanyang. The Nanyang War was hugely profitable, and even the shortage of grain in Japan was greatly alleviated, and compared with Manchuria, the Japanese army base camp naturally had tendencies.

After the positions in the north of Dalian and the west and south of the city were bombed by planes, more than half of the casualties made the Japanese army completely discouraged. This was not only because of the short training time of these Japanese soldiers, but also because they did not know how to deal with such carpet bombs. The base camp also just knew that the Eighth Route Army had such a bomb, and there were no countermeasures at all.

The Japanese army in the northwest direction was fiercely attacked, and after five hours of attack, the city defense was breached, and the Japanese army retreated to the city of Dalian, by this time, the center of Dalian had been occupied.

There are three passenger ships docked at the Dalian wharf, all with Japanese flags and red crosses painted on them. The dock is crowded with people, helping the old and the young, carrying the box surnamed Li, looking for a son, crying for a father and calling for a mother.

Dalian has the largest number of Japanese, and there are still more than 200,000 people. Many of them have lived here all their lives, and they speak both Japanese and Dalian. They are completely Chinese on the surface, but at heart they are authentic Japanese.

Dalian was Japan's earliest colony in China.

Today, tens of thousands of ordinary Japanese civilians remain in Dalian. When the siege was carried on with a large army, the people fled.

The powerful can leave by plane, but civilians cannot fly. Warships cruised on the sea, and there were almost no passenger ships. Yesterday a few ships came to Japan, and it was easy for people to have hope. The Japanese and hardcore traitors in the city of Dalian are looking for ferry tickets, and there are only a few boats on the dock, and the tickets are limited.

So, people who didn't have tickets also came.

Thousands of people.

The pier is fenced and there are more people outside the fence.

A few people began to push the iron fence, others also saw it, and they all pushed it, and after a few shouts, a section of the fence was pushed, and a large crowd of people poured into the dock from outside.

The ship was full of people, even the deck was full of people. The gangway was crowded with people, and the people on the boat shouted, "It's full." It's full. ”

The people in the back were still squeezing, refusing to back off slightly.

At this time, I don't know who shouted, and some people ran towards the warship leaning on the dock. Especially those who overturn the fence and run the fastest.

There was a large group of sailors loading vegetables, potatoes, rice, etc., and the large group of passengers rushed over, and it was too late to stop them.

At this moment, there was a commotion on the warship, and then there was a commotion on the passenger ship. The people on the boat scrambled to get down, and the people below rushed up and cried.

There were several warships outside the docks.

Shouts of killing were heard in the city. Shouts of killing approached the docks.

Several warships approached on the sea.

At this time, there was a commotion in the warship, and among those who had just boarded the ship, some ran into the wheelhouse, some ran into the engine room, and almost every battle station had them.

The three of them entered the wheelhouse, and the captain was preparing to sail the ship, when he saw a few customers come up and said, "You guys go out!" Unruly, unworthy of being a great Japanese Empire! ”

The first person to come in smiled, holding a short gun in his hand, and said, "Lao Tzu is Chinese!" ”

The men grabbed all the Japanese crew members and locked them in a corner, while the others ran out and continued to occupy the passenger ship.

A Japanese who followed them aboard the warship later recalled: "At the beginning, I couldn't get on the boat, but the underground party helped me get my things and open the way, and I got on the boat. Then the men left me and ran over the captain's room. Later, I ran into the corner of the chaotic crowd. I only have one left of my two boxes. I crouched in the corner with a box in one hand and a child in the other, watching the people in ordinary clothes run around. They saw me as a woman and a child, and they didn't pay any attention to me. Soon, I saw the Japanese sailors on board being escorted into a cabin. Then we saw a warship coming from the sea, and the gun's muzzle was facing us. Those who were desperately squeezing into the boat squeezed down again. Mass Japanese were trampled to death, squeezed into the water, and the docks were littered with scattered luggage and crying crowds. It was such a terrible experience that I will never forget for the rest of my life. ”

It was the Marines who occupied the city center.

Half of Dalian's troops are seaside people who know water. There are not only Northeast people, but also many Shandong people. There are two roads on the Shandong Peninsula to the east of the Guandong, one is by land, and the other is by sea. Therefore, the dialect of the Liaodong Peninsula is so similar to Shandong dialect, and there are so many talents in Shandong.

Because the Dalian army wanted to build a navy, it chose several training bases on the island. After training, all the warriors will not only learn the culture, but also know how to water and how to operate boats.

Not everyone was a sailor crew, and Daniel Zhang formed the Marine Corps at Xiaolu's suggestion. Their training syllabus is all provided by Xiaolu, which is too expensive for this era. After a lot of philosophical efforts, some training programs that were too expensive were canceled, but a 5,000-man, super-modern Marine Corps was built.

After the general offensive began, there was a fleet led by Zhang Xuesi on the sea, although there were only a few warships, although a newly captured battleship was still under repair, its combat power was still not to be underestimated, and the port was soon lost, and then, hundreds of small fishing boats rushed to the pier, and the fishing boats were not far from the pier, and they began to shoot from above. When the fishing boat came to the shore, troops in blue cloth clothes came down from it, all fierce, and most of the Japanese defenders involved were new recruits, where had I seen this.

After the capture of the wharf, the warships cruised along the coast, specifically looking for places where Japanese troops were fired. Marines ashore at the dockers

And under the guidance of the underground party, rushed to the city center.

At this time, several transport ships approached the pier, and the artillery came ashore.

After entering the city center, the Marines encountered the retreating Japanese troops. On the one hand, there are wounded, and the soldiers have to take care of the wounded, and on the other hand, there are those who have just come ashore to fight, and the migrant workers are behind to transport the wounded away. On the one hand, there is a lack of ammunition, and on the other hand, there is no shortage of ammunition. On the one hand, there is a new rout, and on the other hand, there is a desire to fight. Two encounters, a judgment was made.

The Marine Corps also has a training program, which is barricade fighting, street fighting. Who covers, who attacks, how to eliminate dead ends, how to lay out sniper points, how to observe with mirrors, and more importantly, how to command.

Only an hour after the encounter, most of the Japanese troops on the opposite side were killed and wounded, and the Japanese troops began to retreat. The Japanese army was in chaos throughout the city of Dalian. In the end, the Japanese had to flee to several buildings in the city center, where officers organized and began to put up effective resistance.

On the afternoon of July 24, 1942, Dalian.

The Marine Corps and the North Wind Column, as well as the North Korean Column, met.

After repeated defeats, the Korean column now joined a large number of Han cadres and Han fighters, and the number has once again recovered to 4,000 people. This time, for the sake of shame and washing away the shame of the often defeated division of the Korean column, they fought very bravely from top to bottom, and often did not accept prisoners, and the Japanese army was terrified when they saw the banner of the Korean column.

July 24, 1942, 6 p.m., Dalian, Manchurian Railway Building.

Daniel Zhang, Choi Hyung-sik, and Zhang Binglin are all here. When reviewing the battle plan, Koji specially wrote: The Manchurian Railway, which is worth 4 billion yen, is an important asset that Japan plundered the people of our country, and it must be handled carefully to minimize the losses. The Manchurian Railway Library Archives contains a large amount of information and is a valuable resource, so it is important not to burn it down by the Japanese army, and hope to capture it completely.

Therefore. That's where they put the point.

The Marines had already surrounded dozens of major buildings in Manchuria, and other units were still fighting the Japanese south of the city.

The Manchurian Railway is an old Japanese enterprise that plundered China.

In addition to railways, stations, docks, and annexes along the railway, the Manchurian Railway has assets. These annexes were highly valued because of the existence of the railway.

The Manchurian Railway employed hundreds of thousands of people, and almost all key departments were Japanese. The Chinese are only lower-level workers in the Manchurian Railway, and they cannot contact the core of management, not to mention, and their salaries are not as good as others.

The most important thing is that the Manchurian Railway also has a strong intelligence agency. It can be said that wherever the Manchurian Railway is, the intelligence agencies will go. Manchurian intelligence officers infiltrated all of China, even Outer Mongolia and the Soviet Union.

When it was first established in 1906, the Manchurian Railway had four institutions: the General Affairs Department, the Transportation Department, the Mining Department, and the Administration Department of the Affiliated Areas. Its main purpose is to gather all useful information and information. For this reason, Mantetsu recruited people everywhere, and actually invited Santaro Okamatsu, a professor at Kyoto Imperial University and a doctor of law, to be in charge of the investigation department.

The Manchurian Railway wrote a large number of political, economic, and military investigation reports.

At its peak, the Manchurian Railway had 4,500 intelligence collectors, including more than 2,000 personnel in charge of intelligence collection, research, and propaganda against China. In total, more than 10,000 investigation reports have been submitted, and one investigation report is released almost every day. Some of these investigation reports, such as "Investigation of China's Resistance to Resistance" and "Investigation of the Rear of Soviet Forces in the Far East," played an important role in the decision-making of the Japanese authorities.

In 1918, the Manchurian Railway set up a branch office in Beijing and Shanghai, and also set up a branch in Tokyo, Japan, and its subordinate investigation office was responsible for exchanging information with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of War and other subordinate intelligence agencies, and held regular meetings every Tuesday and Friday. In fact, the Manchurian Railway is very strong in military Beijing.

Why? In 1907, the headquarters of the Manchurian Railway was moved from Tokyo to Dalian. At this time, the total capital of the company was 200 million yen, of which 100 million yuan was invested by the Japanese government, and the other half of the shares were mainly from the Japanese royal family, aristocrats and bureaucrats.

The famous Matsuoka Yoyo was also once the president of the Manchurian Railway. Xi Yixian, director of the Nanjing branch of the Shanghai office of the Manchurian Railway, was the main cadre who lured Wang Jingwei to surrender.

Less than ten minutes after Daniel Zhang, Choi Hyung-sik, and Zhang Binglin arrived at the Manchurian Railway Headquarters, the Manchurian Railway Headquarters was breached. Because the Manchurian Railway is not a military organization, there are only a few internal personnel of the Manchurian Railway to guard it. The weapons were only rifles and pistols. At the time of the attack, the Japanese had no intention of burning the archives of documents.

After the Manchurian Railway was breached, Daniel Zhang sent a telegram to report that the Manchurian Railway's headquarters and library archives were completely occupied. When Xiaolu received the news, he sent a warm congratulatory telegram.

On the afternoon of July 26, 1942, Dalian was restored.

On July 27, 1942, the remnants of the Japanese army in Dalian were purged. The Northeast Democratic Alliance Army issued a proclamation to reassure the people, and all Japanese in Dalian were registered and placed under special management. The new government then issued an order ordering civilians to surrender their personal weapons within three days, and violators were punished.

The notice was issued in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean, and soon citizens came out to read it. The Anmin notice asks everyone not to panic and to do their job. The people's government protects all peaceful residents.

Next, the people's government once again issued a notice that the original puppet Manchurian currency would continue to be in circulation, and the exchange rate with the renminbi would be calculated according to the price of grain purchased by the two currencies the day before yesterday. The currency and gold bills of the Bank of Korea that were originally circulated in the Dalian area are still in circulation, and the exchange method of the renminbi is the same as that of the puppet Manchurians.

At the beginning of the establishment of the Puppet Manchurian, the issued currency was very valuable, one dollar was equivalent to 23.91 grams of sterling silver, that is, a silver dollar. By 1935, the price of silver was turbulent, and the integration of the Japanese and Manchurian currencies was implemented, and the exchange with the Japanese currency was one-to-one, and the gold standard was implemented. By the end of World War II, the yen had depreciated sharply, and the Manchurian currency had also depreciated. By July 1945, a total of 8 billion yuan had been issued, but in essence it was more.

Because of inflation, a thousand-dollar note was issued in 1944.

Historically, after Japan's surrender in World War II, the government issued severance pay to the staff of various government agencies, and by November 1945, a total of 13,688,460,000 yuan had been issued, and the currency was not in circulation until January 1947.

Now, in Tokyo, Japan, 360 yen is exchanged for 1 dollar. A small rice ball costs 10 yen, which is better in Dalian, but the food is also expensive. The Anmin notice made it clear that the old currency was still in circulation, and all the people were immediately relieved. If you have doubts, you can take the money out to buy rice, and you can buy it.

******

1. Historically, in 1945, the Soviet army regained Dalian. The 200,000 Japanese living in Dalian at that time did not flee. After more than two years, these people gradually left Dalian and returned to Japan. In the past two years, the Japanese have suddenly changed from the ruling class to refugees, war refugees. In the past two years, a total of one million Japanese prisoners of war and Japanese expatriates have been demobilized from Northeast China, and Dalian alone accounts for one-fifth of them. Prisoners of war were only a small minority, and a large number of prisoners of war were sent to Siberia for hard labor. After that, the vast majority of Japanese in the Northeast left China. There are roughly two types of people who remain, one is a Japanese woman who married a Chinese, and the other is a Japanese war orphan. The number is very small.