In addition, looking through the history books, in the second half of the sixth year of Longqing, there were only the Empress Dowager of Shangren Sheng, the Empress Dowager of Cisheng, and a few things about the burial of Emperor Daxing in Dayuling, and everything else was gradual, which was very different from what people expected.

Originally, in the eyes of the government and the opposition, the new dynasty's major political responsibility has been issued, and the central candidate has also been determined, Shen Ge Lao will definitely forge ahead and want to make a difference, and everyone is ready to be ravaged. However, to people's surprise, the young Shousuke-sama seems to lack the interest in creating new pomp and circumstance, and everything follows the original policy guidelines.

This is not only people's expectations, but even Shen Mo himself hinted several times on inappropriate occasions: "The servant generation is headed by the elder of the high cabinet, and everything is just a change in personnel, not a change in policy." , so all policies in the high arch period must continue to be implemented, at most only fine-tuned according to the actual situation.

In Si Xiali, he explained to the people around him that when Gao Ge Lao formulated the new policy of Longqing, he intervened in the whole process, and it can be said that all his efforts were immersed in it, so although Xin Zheng Gong went to the country, I still had to insist on implementing it. His attitude has also won the approval of the government and the opposition, because the Longqing New Deal led by Gao Gong, although it has only been for a short period of four years, has an excellent effect, and he does not toss in order to highlight his sense of existence, he is an old and calm expression.

In the turn of the year, the Yuan Wanli was changed, and Gengzi silently announced in the name of the emperor that the law of the article was implemented on a nationwide scale, that is, the so-called whip law, which had long been implemented in many places, and now it was finally time to promote it throughout the country.

And this whip method also pins all the hopes of silence, which is a whip of hope for him to play a future for Huaxia!

…… One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... One...... Mouth...... One...... A silent spirit came from five hundred years later, and he knew that the Jiashen Heavenly Change and the Death of Huaxia were just one Jiazi later. An inescapable sense of mission was pressed on his shoulders from the very beginning, which doomed him to be full of sorrows and have no intention of enjoying himself in this life.

In order to live up to the good intentions of God, he put all his personal feelings behind him, just so as not to be disturbed, so that he could concentrate on dealing with the open guns and cold arrows of officialdom: inquiring and visiting and studying all aspects of the country: thinking about how to find a way to break the situation for this old empire in the face of almost no power.

How difficult it is! Even if you have the spirit of Beishan Yugong, without God's help, you will never be able to succeed.

Silence is to find a future for Daming when there is no hope at all.

The first thing he thought of was colonization, taking advantage of the fact that the European colonizers were not strong enough, taking the South Seas in one fell swoop, and then landing in Australia. What land annexation, what food problem, what is the gap between the rich and the poor? All problems will not be problems, and the Chinese nation will surely usher in a second take-off.

However, it is clear to the silent people of the two eras that all the policies of this dynasty are internal. This was a necessity for civilian governments, and they devoted all their energies to avoiding rebellion and maintaining their rule, without the zeal to expand their territory.

Silent said it doesn't matter, if you don't do it, I'll do it. What Spain, Portugal and the like, weren't they just a few madmen and a few ships that set off the Age of Discovery? With the strength in my hands, it is several times stronger than their ignorance. And I didn't plan to go far away, just take down the Nanyang at my doorstep, and then take advantage of the situation to get Australia. If Spain wants to fight with me, you can, first bypass half the world. As for the Portuguese, they had never established a regime in Asia, and they adopted the method of using military bases to control the shipping routes, which was certainly more effective than protecting their commercial interests, but could not compete with the Ming Empire, which fought on its home turf.

In fact, from the very beginning, the Portuguese, the Franco, had a respectful attitude towards the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, after judging the situation clearly, from the 37th year of Jiajing, Shen Mo began to plan Nanyang, and now 15 years have passed, he finally used all his scheming to usurp Luzon from the mouth of Spain, and under the pretext of counterinsurgency, the Indochina Peninsula was annexed to Wanghua. It seems that the achievements are remarkable, and even Emperor Longqing feels that he can laugh at his ancestors and ancestors, but Yu Shenmo is more bitter than joyful.

Everyone knows that no matter how much land there is, no matter how rich the products are, no one wants to go, it is still an enclave!

And that's the dilemma he faces. When he incorporated Luzon into the territory, gave superior conditions, and specially sent troops to protect the interests of the Chinese, he thought that so many people in the country who could not survive and wanted to make a fortune should flock to it.

However, the fuller the ideal, the more skinny the reality. In the forty-fourth year of Jiajing, when Luzon was annexed, the Chinese population was 50,000, while the latest data for the sixth year of Longqing was 300,000. It looks like a six-fold increase, and it seems to be a gratifying achievement. But after a little taste, that is, a mouth full of bitterness, you must know that this is a model project that he is mainly grasping. Silently holding back his strength, he wanted to make Luzon a colonial benchmark and a model for the Chinese nation's foreign expansion.

Therefore, in the support of Luzon, he can be said to have done his best, not only to give the best conditions to attract the population, but even in the form of a letter of si, asking those feudal officials to help him complete the immigration. What is disappointing is that the governors of the provinces, who are extremely obedient on weekdays, are very conflicted about this matter, and use the excuse of "the common people are difficult to leave their homeland, and they are afraid of being forced to relocate". was really forced to be helpless, so he gathered the prisoners in the prison and sent them to Luzon for a mission.

The anger of the crowd is difficult to offend, and the silence is not too strong to be strong, he can only hold back his anger, and said in his heart that it will be good if you see the results. A few years passed, and the plantations in Luzon finally entered the payoff period, with rice, cotton, and tobacco shipped to the mainland in ships.

The first group of immigrants to Luzon made a fortune. These former poor people returned to their hometowns, which naturally attracted the admiration of the villagers, and many people wanted to follow them to Nanyang.

However, the government forbade it, and they used various reasons to prevent the common people from leaving the country, and even expelled those who returned to their hometowns in fine clothes, lest they lead the hearts of the people.

Shen Mo completely saw it now, where the crux is, not the homeland of the common people...... They are already struggling on the verge of bankruptcy, ready to be displaced at any time, what is the homeland that is difficult to leave? It is the contradiction between the government and the lack of cooperation.

And the reason for the contradiction between the government and the government is also very simple, that is, what should I do if the people are gone? Although Shen Mo forced the purchase and selling, the officials all subscribed to the shares of Luzon Development, and the dividends made everyone very happy.

Even some officials from big families even asked their clansmen to quickly go to Luzon to buy a few plantations as family property. But when it comes to getting down to business, I still have to return one yard to one yard, and if I want to maintain the operation of the government, "How can I complete the tax quota of the imperial court, and if I don't have enough people?"

The idea that the common people are wealth is deeply ingrained in the minds of every official, and even when inspecting, they will take whether the population is growing as an important indicator, how do you let them release people?

Without breaking this shackle, mass migration will never be possible, and everything will be left untouched.

So over the years, Shen Mo has been thinking hard about how to break the situation. But how small is the power of one person to a huge bureaucracy? What's more, "that's still the foundation of his life, if the officials are to blame, how can he still gain a foothold in the Ming Dynasty?"

Fortunately, God threw him five hundred years ago, not to appreciate his despair, but to prepare the key for him, as long as he can find the right way of thinking, he can naturally see hope.

After years of observation and reflection, he determined that the solution was, and could only be, "a whip method!"

Before the introduction of a compilation law, the main characteristics of the national enslavement river were the separation of enslavement, the collection of goods and money, and the people's collection and people's liberation. Servitude is hard labor, and the tax is levied on the household registration, and the object is the household and the ding, which is a very heavy burden for the common people.

Because in this dynasty, a grass-roots state and county government with a medium-sized "population of about 100,000" only a few officials on the register are the magistrates or magistrates, county magistrates, chief registers, and canonical histories. In addition, there are a dozen or so absent officials recruited in the name of the head of the premises, and it is obviously impossible to make a county-level administrative body function by relying on these people alone. It is necessary to have a large number of free prime people to be able to carry out the various functions of government.

The errand service of the common people is divided into four categories, which are the so-called "four differences: Lijia, Junxi, Yichuan, and Minzhuang," Lijia, whose task was originally to pass on office work and urge the collection of grain, but later grew to the government's sacrifices, feasts, construction, feeding, etc., all of which were supplied by them. "Junzi is a regular service to the government, such as soap, jailer, kuzi, fangfu, etc." The duties of the post were to prepare men, horses, mules, and ships to deliver official documents and rations for hospitality and to welcome and see off officials in transit. "The people's strength is used to enrich the project, and in an emergency, it also has the role of the militia.

Before the introduction of the whip law, the policy of enslavement "was based on the principle of "more than one grain is more than one is paid, and this progressive tax system pursues the principle of "more if it is strong." However, in the actual expropriation, the rich and large households, who should have undertaken more of the task of servitude, hid their food and avoided work and rest by bribing the government officials, which on the contrary caused the poor and small people to bear the excessive burden of forced labor that they should not have bore and caused the small people to go bankrupt and flee. It not only seriously jeopardizes social peace and tranquility, but also seriously weakens the state's fiscal and tax revenues.

The reason why the government is not effective in governing the evasion of servitude is because of the existence of a strong community of interests. The officials are the absentees of the officials just mentioned, who are employed by the chief seat of the premises to plan the administration of the premises...... Like Shen Mo's father, Mr. Shen He, his first job in the Yamen in the past was of this nature. They are not included in the official establishment, nor do they enjoy the imperial court Dailu. In this way, the state does not have to pay this considerable administrative expense, but it cannot prevent this group of people from pursuing personal interests in the process of exercising power entrusted to them. Naturally, the enforcement of the decree would be seriously jeopardized.

And these officials are all from their native hometowns, and the local gentry have inextricable connections, they naturally collude, one side bribes to escape servitude, the other side bribes and repeal the law, this is the Ming Dynasty's long-lasting financial crisis, the root cause of poverty and weakness.

In this world, there are always people who laugh and some people cry, the officials and the gentry laugh, the old people have to cry, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty also has to cry, and a group of people also have to cry, that is, the officials of the two capitals and thirteen provinces, more than 1,100 states and counties.

This is because the official of the premises is fully responsible for the tax revenue. Xuande five years stipulated: "The officials of the world who have completed the examination in three or six years are ordered to go to the ministry to give a reason, and the tax and grain owed shall be subject to the collection, and the examination will be completed in nine years, and the money and food will be sufficient during the term of office, and the reason will be granted." , Jiajing once again reiterated: "If the officials of the world are relocated after the examination, they must strictly check the taxes during their tenure, collect the full amount, and then give an explanation."

Over the past 200 years, the level of completion of the tax and grain collection has always been a hard indicator for officials to take courses. It is directly related to the career and future of the officials in the place. Those who fail to complete the tax targets will be suspended from the service, and those who are serious will not be promoted or demoted.

Therefore, the abolition of the tax law directly endangers the interests of the premises officials. It is precisely because of this that the struggle between the officials of the premises and the gentry and officials has not stopped for a moment, and the result of the struggle is often that the strong dragon does not suppress the head snake. Although the official of the premises holds the power of one party, his power can only be reflected by the cooperation of the officials, and the "imperial power does not go to the countryside" since ancient times, the policy also makes the county lord not to refrain from asking for help from the gentry of the premises to settle the people. Therefore, it is controlled by people everywhere, and it is seen one after another.

In the past, as soon as Hai Rui Haizhi County took office, there were officials and inferior gentry who wanted to give him Ma Wei, which was by no means an exception. But not everyone has Hai Rui's ability to treat disobedience, most of them either suffer losses and endure silently, or they will become a fire and water, and all kinds of disadvantages will come out, and they will be disgraced and rolled out after half a year.

Of course, some of them turned a blind eye, and even colluded with the inferior gentry to live together.

However, the vast majority of officials still have to complete the target and strive for an early promotion, and they have thus become a force to promote tax and political reform. This is also the reason why the imperial court is ready to use the new science and technology scholars. Those Jinshi who are full of hope for the future will only regard Qipinzhi County as the end, not as the end.

However, tax reform is a typical zero-sum game, although the "article law" does not change the total amount of tax burden, and its purpose is not to reduce the burden on the common people. However, merely changing the pattern of tax collection actually changes the tax burden borne by individual taxpayers.

In fact, the whip law is much simpler than the previous tax system, which abandons the progressive tax system ahead of its predecessors and adopts a proportional tax system that is close to a one-size-fits-all approach. To put it simply, "the so-called whip law is to merge all taxes and grains and adopt a unified tax rule: the various errand servants are merged and merged into the field and collected in one: in principle, the tax is no longer levied in kind, and the service is also changed from the original force difference and silver difference to unified payment of silver: and in the collection style, it is changed from the people's collection and people's solution to the official collection, and the taxpayer only needs to pay the tax silver" As for the transportation of the field and the recruitment of the errand service, the government is responsible for it, unlike the original, which needs to be sent to the designated address by Lao Cangsheng.

Although it is simple and reckless, it is the essence of the "arduous struggle between officials and gentry and officials" in the past 100 years. Officials have realized in practice that the problem with the progressive tax system is not that it is not the content of the law, but that the government does not have the ability to enforce it enough to prevent local interests from circumventing the law. Therefore, the new whip law tries to avoid contradictions, and finds another way to deal with favoritism and fraud with a simple and uniform approach: first, it is aimed at the shortcomings of the officials who accept bribes and are slightly inferior to their hands, and the shortcomings of the above and the lower are the same, and simply cancel the incompatible tax payment rules, and no longer divide the "official land" and "private land" all acres of land and pay the field tax according to a few stones of grain per mu. In this way, with a uniform tax rate, all possible fraud in determining the tax payment of land is blocked.

However, the change from a tax in kind to a monetary tax involves the question of the proportion of discounts. It is a personal knowledge that as long as there is room for flexibility, there is an opportunity for tax administrators to profit from it. The whip method is simply one-size-fits-all, and the silver is levied in one body at the legal conversion ratio, thus avoiding the loophole in the discount link.

At the same time, in view of the loopholes caused by the uneven severity of the unmatched labor in the assignment of labor, the allocation of labor according to the grade of the household was abolished, and all the errand labor was combined to collect silver, and all households were also required to bear labor according to a unified standard. In view of the shortcomings of the uneven burden caused by the need for claims and the disparity between distance and proximity in the process of collection and transportation, the people's collection and civil interpretation was changed to the official collection and text solution, so that the people could complete their tax obligations as long as they paid the tax payment, avoiding the inventory and extortion of the division in the tax collection and settlement process.

It can be seen that a whip law also pursues the principle of fairness, but this fairness is no longer the previous kind of "fairness in the sense of the rich are more, but fairness" in the sense of "fairness, which can also be said to be a lower level of fairness." The reason is that the fairness of the higher rules in the past is not only not too far to be achieved, but has also compromised the minimum survival of the common people, so the whip law retreats to the next best thing, and pursues a tax system that is so simple that it is impossible for people to get under it.

Although the policy of "equalizing the benefits of all" is far from an ideal policy for small people whose families have only a few acres of land, compared with the miserable situation of being bullied by the rich, squeezed by the officials, and even ruining their property, the new policy redistributes obligations between the rich and the poor, so that the burden of both is maintained within a scale acceptable to each of them, which is a very realistic improvement for everyone in the capital.

In addition, the country's finances can be improved, and the local officials can easily meet the tax targets, which can be said to be a level of improvement that can be accepted by all parties under the current social conditions. @