Chapter 826 Create a one-day economic circle

（o826）

[Today's third shift is delivered]

"As we all know, it is very difficult for us ordinary people to travel. Their main mode of travel is on foot. The distance that a normal person walks every day is about 50 miles. If you go 50 miles, you will feel very tired. According to this, don't say that from this prefecture to that prefecture, that is, from this county to that county, it takes two or three days. ”

"Students in Yunnan who go to Beijing every year to participate in the imperial examination must leave their hometowns half a year in advance, otherwise, they may miss the time for the examination. What kind of concept is this, you think? In the age of relying solely on walking, will people be willing to travel? Would you be willing to travel? The furthest they ever traveled, which was to go around town."

"Let's look at the marriage situation in various places, basically people from the same town marry each other, because it is convenient to meet the mother's family, and you don't have to go too far. If you marry from a nearby town, you will have to go back to your parents' house much less often, because you spend too much time on the road, and the danger will be greatly increased."

"I believe that most people don't want to spend the night on the road when they travel. Staying overnight on the way, not to mention the cost of silver, safety has not been guaranteed. In these years, when you are away from home, who can say that you can absolutely guarantee your safety. The night is not closed, the road is not left behind, and it will only appear when the politics are at their clearest. ”

"The emergence of high highways will greatly improve the above situations. The emergence of high highways can greatly help people reduce the time and cost of travel, increase their travel times, and strengthen the communication between people in different regions, thereby changing the way of life of many people and changing the ideology of many people. ”

"I'll take the example of the high highway between Linqing and Jinan. In normal times, if you take a carriage, you have to walk from Linqing to Jinan for at least three days, and you have to eat and stay in the middle. If you walk, it may take five or even six days. ”

"At night, you have to pay a certain amount of money to find a place to spend the night halfway. If you want to save money, you have to eat and sleep in the open, and there is no guarantee of safety. Maybe if you don't care, you will be assassinated. I believe everyone has seen a lot of such examples. ”

"Because the transportation from Linqing to Jinan is inconvenient, there is naturally not much communication between the people of the two places. The people who usually come and go, it is estimated that the merchants of Linqing and the merchants of Jinan City, the ordinary people of the two places, believe that there is no chance to meet at all. I believe that if nothing happens, the people of the two places will not come and go easily. ”

"Since there is no opportunity to meet, I believe that the people of the two places will not easily intermarry. Well, except for large households. For ordinary people, it is indeed not easy for their daughters to marry so far away. If you want to go back to your mother's home, you have to walk for at least many days on the road, which is not safe and costs a lot of money. ”

"If you leave Linqing, you can reach Jinan in one day. Or, from Jinan, you can reach Linqing in one day. Then, all this will change, and the people of the two places will inevitably come and go frequently. ”

"As long as the high highway is repaired, the mother-in-law of Jinan can marry the man of Linqing. Linqing's mother-in-law can also marry a man from Jinan. The problem of returning to her mother's home will no longer be a problem. The time to return to the mother's home has been shortened, the cost has been reduced, and the safety has been guaranteed, and the flow of people between the two places will inevitably increase, and it will inevitably promote more marriages between the two cities. ”

"Come to think of it, am I right? If Linqing and Jinan are really only one day apart, can the people of the two places really come and go at any time? One day to come, one day to come back, it only takes two days. Compared with the previous back and forth for more than ten days, I believe that anyone can accept this. ”

"Why are they so fast? It is with your carriage that the carriage can not only pull goods, but also carry people. As long as the high highway is repaired, everyone can arrange a fixed carriage every day to run back and forth between Linqing and Jinan, constantly transport guests back and forth, and then charge a reasonable fee. ”

"For example, I leave Linqing in the morning and go to Jinan in the evening. Or go out of Jinan in the morning and go to Linqing in the evening. I believe that most people will be very satisfied with such an arrangement. As long as you come, you can take the car, sleep on the way, and you will arrive at your destination. If the carriage is not full, you can still get on the way. If there is a carriage, more carriages can be added. These are all technical problems, and we will study and solve them by ourselves in the future. ”

"With your carriage to go back and forth, the people of Linqing and Jinan can travel freely between the two places. You don't need to rent a car, you don't need to bring your own dry food, everything is provided by you. The only thing they needed was to take out some silver as an expense. ”

"As for the fee, it depends on what you mean, the more high-end and luxurious your carriage is, the more expensive the fee can be. The most economical carriage, I think each person charges three taels of silver, as long as there are ten people, it is three taels of silver. I believe that many people can afford these three coins of silver. ”

"When you set the cost of transportation, you should not only look at the money, but also look at the flow of people. If your carriage price is low and there are many passengers, your profit will naturally be high. If you set the price high and few people come to sit down, you will lose money. ”

Zhang Zhun held the teacup and spoke eloquently.

His eloquence is actually not very good, and he is better at yelling at the soldiers below, but he is not good at theoretical discussions. Fortunately, these theories from later generations, as long as they are normal people, are basically known, and he just copied them.

The people of this era can only understand the most basic meaning, that is, the road is easy to walk, the transportation of goods is accelerated, and profits have increased. They don't understand that when the road is smooth, the exchanges between the two places will be more frequent, and these frequent exchanges will bring more business opportunities.

It seems that a large number of people in Linqing have arrived in Jinan, which will inevitably bring a lot of income to the inns and restaurants in Jinan. Similarly, a large number of people in Jinan have arrived in Linqing, which will also bring a lot of income to Linqing's inn restaurants.

Why are later generations keen to build a temporary economic circle? It is because in the business district for a while, the flow of people and goods is very frequent, and these are where the business opportunities lie. Only a large number of people can bring a large number of business opportunities.

The flow of people is one of the important symbols of the development of society. With the unfolding of society, more and more people will definitely be liberated from the fields. Five acres of land per person can't actually tie people to the field. In the slack season, a strong laborer can take care of ten or even twenty acres of fields.

There is no need for surplus labor to cultivate the land, so it is natural to go to the city to work. Their arrival will certainly cause changes in the structure of the city. Cities can hire more workers. In other industries, more people can also be hired. All this will gradually promote changes in social relations.

In the past, the movement of a large number of people, often fleeing, migrating, etc., would cause great panic in the imperial court. They have taken various measures to severely restrict the movement of people and strictly restrict the movement of people. He even did not hesitate to violate the natural laws of social exhibition, and as a result, it had a serious negative impact on social exhibition.

When the Ming Dynasty was founded, it implemented a strict road guidance system, and it was impossible to travel without the road guidance released by the government. The purpose of this system is to confine the people to their homes and prohibit the movement of people throughout society. At the time of the founding of the country, the situation was a little better, but in the late Ming Dynasty, this road introduction system had the opposite effect.

The most obvious example is that there was a famine in Shaanxi, and a large number of people tried to enter the neighboring Shanxi, Henan and other places, but they were severely attacked by the government, and finally turned into a peasant uprising. In fact, at the beginning of the famine, if the government had taken effective measures to divert some of the refugees to the Jiangnan area and let them into the workshops, it might not have been able to save the crisis. As long as the people have something to eat, who wants to rebel?

Unfortunately, the rulers of the Ming Dynasty were not aware of such an approach. They just habitually believe that the movement of people is terrible and must be forbidden. It is absolutely impossible for the victims of the disaster in Shaanxi to leave Shaanxi, otherwise, the disaster will be harmed to the whole country. They want to imprison these victims in the land without a grain of harvest. This is a practice that kills people, and it is strange that the victims do not take up arms to resist.

Under the control of the Tiger Ben Army, the flow of personnel is controllable, and it is possible to move the Zuozong. With the flow of people, people from different regions touch each other, and all kinds of sparks of ideas will continue to bloom. More advanced technologies will also be exchanged.

Commodities plus flow, people plus flow, people in a larger area, all gathered in a certain place, will inevitably give birth to more factories, more industries. And more factories, more industries, will give birth to more bourgeoisie.

By the end of the Ming Dynasty, there were already many factory owners, and they were the original bourgeoisie. Originally, they had the potential to change the face of the country. It's a pity that the arrival of the Tartars plunged the Central Plains into three hundred years of destruction. After being suppressed by the Tartars for 300 years, the Chinese bourgeoisie is already moribund.

Of course, that's for later. At present, the role of the road is mainly to add the flow of goods and people, to link more places and more people closely together, and to promote the overall progress of society.

Later generations are keen to build a temporary economic circle, and Zhang Criterion is ready to build a one-day economic circle. In the middle of the 17th century, it was a remarkable achievement to be able to truly build a one-day economic circle and promote the overall development of society.

For example, Shandong, with Jinan as the center, can create a one-day economic circle. In this one-day economic circle, it should include Dezhou, Linqing, Liaocheng, Jining, Yanzhou, Qingzhou and other places. In the east of Shandong, Laizhou Mansion can be taken as the core, and Fushan City, Dengzhou, Laiyang and other places can be included in the one-day economic circle.

After the high highway, in Shandong, as long as two one-day economic circles, can basically cover all areas. Compared with the previous path, this is definitely a new leap, which no one dared to think of before. It is conceivable how convenient the exchange of personnel and materials will be in the one-day economic circle.

"The Governor's idea is really astonishing."

Qin Liangde couldn't help but say.

He didn't expect that Zhang Zhun's idea was so ridiculous and so fantastical. That's right, at the beginning, this salt transport envoy felt that Zhang Zhun's idea was indeed too ridiculous and too fantastical. However, as Zhang Zhun slowly explained, the salt envoy began to feel that Zhang Zhun's idea may not be absurd or fantastical. Perhaps, it is really possible.

In fact, everything lies in the road. And the key to the road is to be straight and spacious. The roads of this era, outside the city, were best paved with gravel. If you are in the city, the best ones are paved with bluestone slabs. It is obviously the roads outside the city that restrict the movement of people and goods.

Roads paved with gravel can be troublesome, muddy, and potholed when it rains. Ordinary dirt roads, not to mention. To change the fundamental situation of the road, there is only cement.

Yes, the emergence of cement has greatly changed the building structure and building types of the Ming Kingdom, and it is also a fundamental qualitative change to the construction of roads. The road paved with cement concrete is not afraid of rain, and even on rainy days, horse-drawn carriages can still run on it. That's the biggest advantage.

At the same time, the cement pavement is much smoother than the gravel pavement, which is very beneficial to the running of the carriage and the loss of the carriage. On the dirt road, the carriage may only travel twenty or thirty miles per hour. But on the concrete pavement, it is entirely possible to walk forty or fifty miles every hour.

"No, my thoughts, nothing special. It's just that everyone didn't realize that building roads can also make money. ”

Zhang Zhun said lightly.

Of course, people of this era cannot be compared with people from 400 years later in terms of thinking. Especially on the issue of transportation, I have to say that the people of the Ming Dynasty have not realized the importance of transportation at all. It's like the railways and trains of the Qing Dynasty, which were all in the fuss for a long time before they finally began to be introduced. It is indeed confusing for scholars to accept new things, and their favorite sedan chair is still carried by sixteen people

In fact, the benefits brought by the road are not only economic, political, military, and even technological. Politically, local jurisdiction and control can be strengthened more effectively. Militarily, it is possible to mobilize troops more quickly. These are very simple truths.

The technical benefits are a little more subtle. Zhang Zhun is sure that once large-scale road construction is carried out, all road-related technologies will be developed by leaps and bounds. Especially in the construction of bridges, technology will definitely change with each passing day.

The most important thing in building roads is bridges and culverts. The issue of culverts will not be discussed for the time being, because the area currently controlled by the Tiger Ben Army is basically a plain. The first roads to be built should also be on the plains, and there is no need to dig culverts. But there are certainly a lot of bridges that need to be built.

There are too many legends about Zhaozhou Bridge. This bridge in the territory of Zhending Mansion has almost become a model of bridge craftsmanship. However, in Zhang Zhun's view, the stone arch bridge is actually really outdated. Due to structural reasons, the span of the stone arch bridge cannot be very large. If you want to cross the Grand Canal, it is absolutely impossible. Therefore, the bridge building technology is bound to be reformed, and it is inevitable to learn to use cement reinforced concrete, or even caissons to build bridges.

There is no doubt that the exhibition of bridge erection technology will drive the exhibition of all related industries, such as cement industry, caisson industry, steel bar industry, etc., will be improved as a whole. At the same time, the status of craftsmen will also be greatly improved. Without great craftsmen, there are certainly no great bridges, this is a given.

The key to a country's technology exhibition, especially the technology exhibition of the Ming Kingdom, has to rely on these craftsmen. The scholars of the Ming Kingdom and the imperial court before them have criticized technology as a miracle for hundreds of years, even thousands of years. It is not so easy for Zhang Zhun to change everyone's thinking at once.

Relying on the ability of the Tiger Army alone, it is impossible for every craftsman to get a chance to wield. Only by carrying out a large number of infrastructure construction can all craftsmen be useful. Once a large number of roads are built and a large number of bridges need to be built, the status of craftsmen will naturally rise, and other people's views of craftsmen will gradually change.

Only through such subtle actions can all craftsmen finally get the status they deserve and play a greater role. The status of the craftsmen is higher and the income is higher, and naturally more people will join the industry. The greater the number of craftsmen, the greater the possibility of technological reform and the greater the opportunities for technological advancement.

"There are not many good routes, I hope everyone will make a decision sooner."

Zhang Zhun said quietly.

Those merchants, you look at me, I look at you, but they don't speak. Everything Zhang Zhun said today seems to have crossed their respective thinking. They need a certain amount of time, pondering, and communicating well to accurately understand what Zhang Zhun means.

"Come, send off"

Zhang Zhun waved his hand and said indifferently.

His thoughts, his thoughts, have all been explained to them, whether they can grasp the opportunity or not, it depends on their skills. Opportunities are always reserved for those who are prepared. Without this ability, there will only be a share of being eliminated by society.

[The number of monthly passes is so miserable, alas, the brother who has a monthly pass, please support a few, okay? ] 】