Chapter 195: Smith's reaction
Williams real yàn room, after getting the plan of the German and American company, compared with the plan of the German and American company, for the design of six 150T steelmaking furnaces belonging to the German and American companies and located in Chinese mainland, including not only the back of the steelmaking furnace, but also the cold rolling and hot rolling, as well as the forging of various types of steel, the steelmaking furnace, determines the output of steel, which is a hard index, but represents the output value of a steelmaking plant, and is still in the production workshop, which is the correct application direction of steel, It is a relatively heavy project of the steel mill, and the proportion of the steel mill is relatively large.
Williams is very familiar with this, in this era, the steel plant, has become a systematic project, Williams real yàn room, research in this area, almost in front of the entire American research institutions, even the National Steel Corporation, may not have him such a cutting-edge, after getting the oxygen blowing top of the point, soon the approximate blast furnace has been designed, in which the oxygen blowing top is applied to the top, for the following adjustments, also completed, This represents the design of the steel mill, which is more than half complete.
The problem of the ore itself, in the past ten years, Williams does not know how many kinds of ores he has seen, these ores collected from Baiyun Obo are also ores with a higher sulfur content than typical ones, and there are some impurities, these, just remove them.
Yang Yuanzhao handed over the ore to Williams Shiyàn room, did not plan to refine the rare earth resources in it, the science and technology of this era, it is almost impossible to extract relatively pure rare earths, these are occasionally discovered, most of them, are hidden in the alloy, Baotou's rare earth content, extremely huge, is one of the most important rare earth sources in China, just after the iron is out, a large number of associated rare earth resources, there is slag, he can use the all-in-one machine at any time to complete the perfect classification, It's easier to come by, and it's not easy to waste.
Williams is working on $500,000, and there may be more than 10 million tons of steel mills in the future, and on the other side, Smith's room in the same city, is also busy, for the same thing.
In the United States, Smith got 200,000 US dollars from the German and American company, and has raised a certain amount of funds, and the vulcanized rubber is the focus of the current Smith room, with a large amount of financial support, Smith personally carried out the real work, invested most of the manpower in the entire real room, and finally completed more than a dozen different finished products.
We are doing tests in all aspects, among which there may not be any possibility of use, but it represents a direction, as long as a direction is vetoed, we can continue to make progress on this basis, and even propose more methods, and take a big step forward.
Finally finished the day's work, Smith walked out of the real room, continuous work, made Smith a little tired, and asked his assistant Dickson, "Is there anything lately?" ”
Dickson took out a notebook, flipped through it, and said, "A telegram from Shanghai!" ”
"Shanghai, oh, it's over there, the real yàn room over there is ready, soon, Roger has already started researching!" Smith asked casually, Roger was his former assistant, and Dickson was the one who replaced Roger, to be honest, not to get the support of Germany and the United States, he was unlikely to let Roger preside over the real yàn room in Shanghai, compared to Dickson, Roger just reassured him, I hope that in that scientific desert, I can get some useful real numbers and verification, and it is good to be able to do this.
Dickson looked at the record quietly, looked up and said, "No, his telegram said another study." ”
Smith had no other expression on his face, but in his heart, a trace of annoyance rose, this Roger, who usually looks so steady, who knew that as soon as he got outside, he would become like this, didn't he know that for Smith's room, he relied on himself to have such a big reputation? Could it be that he thought to himself, could he break away from Smith's room and become an independent person in charge?
Dickson quietly gave the thing out, he did not change the telegram, in his opinion, the things mentioned above are simply fantastical, take the opportunity to be on Smith's side, some eye medicine, it is also a very logical thing, when Smith finished reading this letter, it is estimated that Roger's end has come, this guy who pressed on his head should have been overturned a long time ago.
Smith took the telegram, and when he opened it, he blurted out: "Ammonia from air, grandstanding!" ”
Smith's attitude was extremely disdainful, and there was a trace of imperceptible excitement in Dickson's eyes, but then it seemed that Smith's expression was a little strong, the telegram was very long, and it was quite detailed, Smith read it carefully, especially the conclusion part later, but he was a little moved, he thought it was a whimsical thing, but he didn't expect that there was a certain evidence base, not nonsense from the heart.
Smith is not a chemist who doesn't know anything, only understands a project, and in many fields of chemistry, he has dabbled in the method of synthesizing ammonia, which is fantastical, but when it comes to the foundation, it is very simple, otherwise, he will not be able to come up with the method of industrial manufacturing. From these simple truths, Smith saw things, these things, at least have the possibility of realization, and the probability of success is not small.
There is nitrogen in the air, nitrogen in the air, accounting for more than 70 of the number, it can be said that the whole world's mineral deposits, can be compared with the nitrogen in the air, there is no one, not no one has played the idea of the air, the air separation method proposed by someone before, is one of them, with the help of pressure, the various types of gas in the air are decomposed, and then directly collected to nitrogen.
In the end, even if there is no real room, carbon dioxide, water vapor, etc., can be directly solidified into a liquid or even a solid through pressure, but oxygen or nitrogen, as well as inert gases, these are not high-pressure liquid gases, that is, no matter how the pressure increases, it is useless, it should be a gas or a gas, unless the temperature is lowered, the natural ternary reaction, can become a liquid.
The liquefaction temperature of about 90 degrees Kelvin is replaced by about minus 190 degrees Celsius, such a temperature, at least this era can not be reached, the way of science, endless, perhaps, nitrogen may also be a high-pressure liquid gas, but their pressure is not enough, now, the pressure that can be exerted, under the conditions of the real yàn room, is only about 120-150 atmospheres, such pressure, it is relatively large, compared with the so-called 1000, or 10,000 atmospheres, I don't know how much worse it is, maybe it will become a high-pressure liquid gas.
In the real room, barely reach a low temperature of more than minus 100 degrees, if the pressure is applied, it is about to reach a critical value, but this critical value can not be a clear proof, even when industrial production, the temperature cannot be guaranteed, maintain a small part of the low temperature and high pressure, and maintain a low temperature and high pressure of industrial production, the price to be paid in the middle is absolutely not the same, the cost is too great, it is not realistic at all, so the gas that is made is better than the gas made by other methods.
The method sent back from Shanghai is a different way, removing the heavy oxygen in the air, and then removing carbon dioxide and water vapor, leaving only nitrogen and inert gas, which seems to be the idea of creating zào, although the result is not nitrogen, there are still a lot of inert gases, but Smith, who is familiar with chemistry, knows very well that inert gases are almost impossible to have an impact on the overall reaction.
After all, nitrogen is an inactive gas, and it will not react in the air, at room temperature and pressure, even under the conditions of the real yàn chamber, it is difficult for nitrogen to react with the oxidant, which has always been an absolute dilemma for chemists.
In the telegram sent by Roger, it was explained in detail how they did it, in a high-pressure closed container, nitrogen and hydrogen were directly combined, and iron was used as an additive!
This is a field that no one has ever entered, and the most important thing is that in Shanghai's real yàn, it has been proven, because Roger uses a paragraph to describe the whole process of real yàn, including the materials added, and the things to pay attention to.
"Get these things!" Smith immediately said, as a chemist, a chemist in the United States, who has made great achievements and even has a certain influence, knows very well the role of nitric acid in this world, the United States is not short of saltpeter, the largest saltpeter producing area in South America, and it is relatively close to the United States, so the output of nitric acid is not low, but it is obtained from the air, eliminating the cost of an important raw material of nitric acid, which can greatly reduce the price of nitric acid and even those high-priced fertilizers. It will also bring down the price.
Nitric acid, on behalf of the country's foundation, in a sense, is the country's important weapon, about his research, even on vulcanized rubber, if this can be achieved, it seems that vulcanized rubber can be thrown aside.
Smith is a researcher, but he is not the kind of pure, just the pursuit of results of the researcher, in a certain case, he is more like a businessman, the study of vulcanized rubber, for the sake of the booming automobile industry, the gradual development of automobiles, the limitations of wooden tires gradually appeared, rubber began to enter more and more into the automotive field, but the ordinary rubber wear resistance is poor, the accidental discovery of vulcanized rubber, it seems that there is a huge change in the wear resistance of rubber, this change, by Smith in the eyes, That's why we have this vulcanized rubber project.
Merchants are always blind, or rather, if they don't see a rabbit or an eagle, just a sentence or two words or results can't impress them at all, so they fall to relying on virtue and beauty.
However, nitric acid is different, this kind of industry has a huge connection with the arms industry, and any little improvement is enough to make people look sideways, and maybe, it can become a new signboard of the real yàn room.
"What?" Dickson, who was still trying to let Roger completely move away from the sweet dream, said something that he didn't understand.
"Get me these!" Smith pointed to the telegram and said calmly.
Word by word, what is said is clear, and it also represents Smith's tendency, Dickson is slightly depressed, which is equivalent to stealing chickens and rice, it seems that Roger has given Roger eye medicine, but it makes Smith pay attention, he can't wait to slap himself a few mouths, to be able to become Smith's assistant, Dickson also knows, it is useless to say anything at this time, carefully look at the telegram, where Smith is pointing.
What Smith is referring to is very simple, that is, the high-pressure airtight container, which can withstand 50 atmospheres and 500 degrees of temperature, and it is also used in the real yàn room.
I have to say that in this era, the United States in science and technology, and Europe, and the world's advanced level, there is a considerable gap, from this high-temperature closed container can be seen, of course, but also with Dickson to be more urgent, the level is relatively low has a huge relationship, can accommodate 2 cubic meters of containers, enough to have a large cabinet as big, the thickness of steel, at least one foot, or even thicker, the whole thing, is relying on the gourd hanging, before hanging into the real room.
Smith didn't care about this, he seriously confirmed with Dickson that this container could be easily heated and could hold so much pressure, so he didn't say much.
In Smith's view, to resist such a big pressure, the steel is thicker, it will be thicker, after all, in the telegram, the talk is relatively brief, perhaps, Shanghai, is also such a thick thing.
It's very simple, it's easy to heat the jar to 500 degrees, there is no thermometer, but through the guò calculation, or roughly calculate the temperature in it, it's good to heat it, and it's easy to pressurize, these are relatively mature technologies, even if it's nitrogen and hydrogen, in the real yàn room, it's easy to get, but the iron, in Roger's telegram, there is no special indication of the quantity, it's just a catalyst, Smith thought about it, and in the entire reaction jar, 200 grams of pure iron were added.
The temperature went up, the huge jar became red, so that the indoor temperature rose significantly, and the pressure, also through the guò instrument to add, to ensure a relatively suitable pressure, under the high pressure and high temperature, the gas multiplier of the jar, was injected into the jar, and then under the temperature and pressure, slowly reacted.
Smith stared at the iron can, waited slowly, about 2 hours later, after the gas passed through the water, he got ammonia, and put the ammonia away through guò ammonia, even in the process of the mobile phone, it has proved the success of this real yàn, directly with the help of the heavy nitrogen in the air, synthetic ammonia, this is a pioneering act, Smith's eyes are shining, this real yàn is too timely. RS