[40] Looking back at Kinmen

Shengli Oilfield is one of the largest oil fields in China. Every year, there are hundreds of millions of tons of new proven reserves, and by 2010, the total proven reserves of oil in Shengli Oilfield have reached 14.5 billion tons, and the natural gas reserves have reached 2.47 trillion cubic meters. Xiaoqiang found the information of these famous high-yield wells from the Ministry of Mineral Resources, and made detailed marks on the aerial maps he bought from the Bureau of Surveying and Mapping, such as the daily output.

On September 23, 1962, the Ying2 well in the Dongying area obtained a high-yield oil flow of 555 tons per day, which was the highest daily production of an oil well in the country at that time.

At this moment, Taiwan's Chiang Kai-shek government is vigorously boasting of the "great victory at Guningtou," that is, the first bitter battle in which the established system was wiped out -- the Battle of Kinmen.

At the end of the original battle, on the streets of Taipei, the military and police threw a huge number of newspaper leaflets that did not require money, and celebrated wildly. After Chiang Kai-shek heard that Kinmen was defended, he said with tears in his eyes: "We have won this battle, and Taiwan is safe." Combined with the promulgation and implementation of the "Provisional Provisions for the Period of Mobilization and Rebellion" on May 10, 1948 and the "Martial Law" on May 20, 1949, Lao Chiang's performance completely exposed his inner fear and vulnerability.

Our army has won many battles in history, and there are very few defeats, so once there is a defeat, it will be particularly eye-catching, especially this kind of complete defeat in which the formation is eliminated has never been heard of before, so this battle of Kinmen has become a headache for many commanders and fighters of the three fields. The day after the defeat of Kinmen, after the higher-ups decided not to launch a second wave of attacks without the protection of the navy, Xiao Feng, deputy commander of the 28th Army, and Li Mancun, director of the Political Department, turned pale and wept bitterly. At this moment, the gunfire on Kinmen Island is still intermittent, and the resistance of the brave and fearless soldiers who seized the island is not over at this moment......

On the same day, the 10 Corps reported to our 3rd Field Headquarters: "We have reviewed the causes of the tragic losses in the Kinmen Operation, mainly because we were carried away by impatience and victory, and blindly optimistic and underestimated the enemy. Until it was discovered that Hu Lian's corps had begun to ship reinforcements from Shantou to Kinmen, it still demanded that it should attack the enemy before all the reinforcements arrived, and when there were not enough ships, it did not resolutely make up its mind to stop the attack, which was the most serious crime. ”

Ye Fei, commander of the 10th Corps, reported to the central authorities for punishment after a review meeting in the corps, but the central authorities did not punish him, and ordered Commander Ye Fei to sum up experience, accept lessons, and prepare to attack Kinmen again.

After taking this dose of victory aphrodisiac, by the end of 49, Lao Jiang had completed the repair of all the original more than 200 pillboxes on Kinmen Island, and added a large number of new pillboxes and drilling tunnels on the original basis. The number of defenders will be strengthened from 20,000 to as many as 100,000, and in view of the sharp performance of the tanks in the previous attack on the landing, Lao Chiang has added 20 tanks to the original 22 American-made M5A1 tanks in Kinmen, advocating the so-called waiting for the attack.

More than 9,000 soldiers of the three regiments of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) took more than 300 wooden fishing boats, and in order to avoid the bombing of enemy planes and possible shelling by enemy ships during the day, they rowed towards Kinmen in three ways at night.

The three regiments were divided into three routes, and there was no communication with each other, but they were divided into their own lines, and a platoon commander of the defenders on Bisheng Island got up in the middle of the night to check the sentry and accidentally touched a mine, and there was a loud noise, which woke up the defenders of the whole island, thinking that our army was coming, and entered the battle position one after another. Coincidentally, our army really attacked in the middle of the night, how tragic you say it was.

The defenders looked at the sea, only to see a piece of wooden boats pressed by the black pressure, and immediately fired three shots into the sky according to the alarm of the covenant, and the commander of the defenders on the island knew that this was the supply army really calling. So he immediately reported to Duwan Island, and at the same time informed Hu Lian, who was floating on the sea with a large army on a landing ship and a frigate to prepare random reinforcements.

In order to prevent the landing of our troops, more than 200 pillboxes were erected on the island, and it was very difficult for our troops to press forward an inch with firepower. The beach-grabbing landing did not go very smoothly, but most of the three regiments of our army came out of the Yimeng base area in the mountains and winters, and they had no water, and their legs were weak when they jumped off the boat.

The main attack regiment found the landing point and arrived at a little red beach, but the two auxiliary regiments were disoriented by the strong wind and landed on the beach of Guningtou, as if a tragedy was being staged. The main assault regiment desperately attacked the pillbox at a little red beach, and many soldiers rushed to the pillbox with explosive bags and died together, but the assisters could not be seen at all.

It was difficult to hold on, the enemy's tanks rushed to a little red beachhead landing site for support, the main attack regiment could not beat the tank at all, even the explosives package was used up, because the previous preparations were not detailed enough, the bazooka brought to only find a section, here to say, at this time, our military bazooka was bought from the Soviet Union, modeled after the German World War II 100 type 44MM "Iron Fist" bazooka, this thing is the grandfather of the bazooka, made too big, too heavy and too heavy, so it is divided into three sections, assembled when used, It takes three people to operate. It is said that the whole regiment looked for a long time and did not see where the two parts of the back half of the bazooka were thrown, and they were killed and wounded by the tank rushing into the beachhead.

At this time, the low tide began, and almost all the wooden boats that landed were stranded on the beach, and Hu Lian, after receiving the news, landed on Kinmen Island with his 12th Corps. As soon as dawn came, the only bomber group in Duwan took off and bombarded our ships stranded on the beach in turn, and a frigate brought by Hu Lian also began to bombard these stranded wooden ships one by one with naval guns, and even Hu Lian's landing ship joined in and fired with machine guns on the ship. Eventually, all the wooden boats were destroyed.

At this time, all the ships of the first echelon of our army were destroyed, the flotilla burned and caught fire, and most of the ammunition on board was bursting, and the flames were dozens of meters high. The officers and men of the second echelon, who were waiting on the mainland side for the ferry to return, saw this clearly, but could not do anything about it. All the officers and soldiers stomped their feet and wept bitterly, and the shore was crying, tragic! You must know that they are all tough guys who fought on the battlefield, and they don't cry lightly. Zhong Xianwen, commander of the 82nd Division, who commanded the landing operation, immediately fainted in a coma when he heard the news that all the ships had been destroyed.

On the morning after dawn, under the repeated attacks of Hu Lian's reinforcements and tanks and artillery on the island, our troops fought less and less, and the fighting became more and more brutal. The 10th Corps urgently searched for ferries, but on the 25th, only four companies of ships were collected, and it was impossible to turn the tide of the battle.

Some people in the military headquarters felt that the disparity between the enemy and us was too great, and that reinforcing one or two battalions would only increase unnecessary casualties. Xiao Feng called Ye Fei for instructions. Ye Fei instructed: "As long as there is a glimmer of hope, we must send reinforcements and fight Hu Lian's army to the end!" Then it was decided to send Sun Yunxiu, the commander of the 246th Regiment, to lead four companies to reinforce Kinmen. The reinforcements all knew that they would not return, but they all regarded death as home.

They left their backpacks, wrote down the addresses of their relatives in their hometowns, and took out pens, notebooks, wallets, etc., and asked the troops to hand them over to their relatives. The fighters carried as many grenades as they could, shook hands with each other tightly, and agreed to "zuihou one for themselves!" The regiment commander Sun Yunxiu asked the correspondent to tell the deputy army commander Xiao Feng: "After I die, please ask the troops to inform my parents in Luoyang Chengdong's hometown on my behalf, and let his wife Wang Peilan remarry." ”

In the early morning of the 26th, Sun Yunxiu led two companies of reinforcements from the 246th Regiment and the 259th Regiment to cross the sea for reinforcements. Due to the strong wind and waves and the blockade of the enemy navy, the fleet was blown apart, and only 4 platoons boarded the head of Guning to join Liu Tianxiang and Xu Bobu, who stubbornly insisted on the bloody battle. After dawn, Hu Lian put the main force of the 12th Corps into battle, and counterattacked overwhelmingly. Our army was outnumbered, and Sun, Liu, and Xu led the army to fight a bloody battle, fighting fiercely, and suffered heavy casualties. Our army is getting smaller and smaller, and not only have the soldiers not eaten a grain for two days and two nights, but even the water source has been cut off.

In the early morning of the 27th, Xiao Feng sent a telegram to the troops holding the head of Guning, the full text of which is as follows:

Dear Comrade Xing Yongsheng, Comrade Sun Yunxiu, Comrade Liu Tianxiang, Comrade Tian Zhichun, Comrade Xu Bo, Comrade Chen Lihua, and all the commanders, combatants, and boatmen: Dear comrades, since 21 o'clock on the evening of 24 October, in order to liberate the islands off the southeast coast of the motherland, you have overcome the stormy waves of 8 or 9 kilometers on wooden boats, carried out a resolute breakthrough on the 10-mile beach on the northwest coast of Kinmen Island, and paid precious blood for the annihilation of the remnants of Chiang Kai-shek's rout, and many comrades have sacrificed their young lives. Our brave and warlike people's soldiers, without reinforcements from ships, fought bloodily for two days and nights, inflicting heavy casualties on the enemy, who greatly outnumbered our troops, and destroying many of the enemy's military installations. Due to the misjudgment of the enemy's situation by the leadership, 10 of our combat battalions were defeated, and an extremely heroic chapter of history was written. The comrades who are still alive are continuing to fight with the determination that we are invincible. In order to save a liliang of Zuihou, it is hoped that the front-line commanders and fighters will be mobile and flexible, and from all corners of the island, using the bamboo rafts and boats of the enemy or the masses, they will retreat to the mainland in batches or individually. We will send ships, troops, and firearms to meet and rescue you all along the coast.

However, by this time the enemy had already surrounded our landing force, and it was impossible for our heroes to withdraw to the mainland and rebuild.

At dawn on the 27th, the Kuomintang army launched a general attack on the position of our Guning head, and the enemy poured in from three directions like a tide. The warships of the enemy navy circled the sea north of Guningtou and bombarded the ground artillery from dead angles where the ground artillery fire could not be fired. The planes were also sorted, strafing at low altitudes. Sun, Liu, Xu and others were divided and surrounded by the enemy, and the battle was extremely cruel. Sun Yunxiu, the commander of the 246th Regiment, and several soldiers were surrounded, and after fierce fighting, seeing that there was no hope of breaking through, Sun Yunxiu suddenly jumped up and shouted at the enemy: "Come here, I am the regiment commander!" "After knocking down several enemies, he shot himself in the temple. According to the Kuomintang military history records: "Sun Bandit Yunxiu was extremely strong, and after committing suicide by drinking bullets, his body stood still. At about 10 o'clock, Gu Ningtou fell, Liu Tianxiang died, Xu Bo led part of the remnants of the officers and soldiers to escape into the mountains to fight guerrillas, the enemy used a division of troops to search the mountains, Xu Bo was captured, and was later killed.

To sum up, in addition to the tragic process and extreme bad luck in this battle, the main reason for this battle was that Ye Fei, the commander of the Tenth Corps, underestimated the enemy.

Ye Fei is known as "Little Ye Ting", good at fighting, resourceful, and always wins. Since the War of Liberation, the 10th Corps has been invincible in the battle of leveling mountains and winters, sweeping the Huaihai, crossing the Yangtze River, and Kefu porridge. On October 17, 1949, after the liberation of Xiamen, Kinmen suddenly became an isolated island. The defenders on the island were Li Liangrong's 22nd Corps, about 20,000 people. The 100,000 troops of the 10th Corps watched from across the sea. At this time, the most terrible enemy appeared. This enemy is the mood of contempt for the enemy. A poisonous atmosphere permeated the skies over the 10th Corps.

Ye Fei hosted a banquet for local leaders in Xiamen in the Tiger Cave, pointed to the plate with chopsticks, and said:

Golden Gate is a piece of meat on this plate, you can clip it whenever you want, and you can't run. daxiao, arrogant beyond words.

There is a detail: as soon as Ye Fei entered Xiamen, he picked up his mother from his hometown. This reflects his belief that there is no such thing as a major war. At the moment of the great enemy, the coach first relaxed.

Because of the underestimation of the enemy, the preparations were not done well and the training was not strict. At that time, the People's Liberation Army was full of landlubbers, and the 28th Army was no exception. As soon as most of the soldiers saw the sea for the first time, one of the regimental commanders said: Who put so much salt in the sea, so salty! Prior to this, the 10th Corps was the only unit of the PLA that had fought on islands: Pingtan in the north and Xiamen in the south. Four companies went up to Pingtan, and Chiang's army collapsed. Seven companies went up to Xiamen, but the enemy could not hold it. The small victory on the two islands caused the soldiers to think that the island could not fight on Erer, and did not value the small island that looked like a dumbbell.

All of this ultimately led to this heart-wrenching result.

Looking back on this battle, the most regrettable thing is that these heroic soldiers have left us since then, may the heroic souls rest in peace, and the people's heroes will be immortal!