Chapter 1323: The King Under the Law on the First Change
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Just when the flames of the Second North American War were about to be ignited and were not ignited. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 info Zhu Jishi's mind has been completely immersed in the arrangement of his posthumous affairs...... It's not that he realizes that he will die soon, but it's really not easy to arrange his afterlife.
When it comes to the aftermath of Emperor Zhu, it is actually divided into two parts. One is the notebook, the copy has been given to Zhu Yisha, which can be regarded as a break.
The second is the arrangement of power, and the Great Chinese Imperial System formed by Wuhua Zhuxia will take shape after the end of this world war. Zhu Jishi believed that this arrangement would keep Chinese civilization alive – and that competition and rivalry were often the most important factors in keeping an interest group or country in its upward spiral. However, it is obviously not enough to be a "summer of five flowers", external pressure can be transformed into a driving force for progress, but it is not necessarily transformed.
For example, in the Song Dynasty, from the establishment of the country to the death of the country, the external pressure did not weaken, and even had a stronger and stronger trend. For the supreme ruler, the enemies around him are always more dangerous than the enemies on the horizon! Therefore, weakening the royal family is always the first priority, then the heroes and nobles, then the national elite, and finally the people of the world. As a result, a weak king, a weak soldier, and a weak people have been formed, and the country has ...... Of course, it is also weak, out of a bunch of weak people, how can a real strong country come out?
Therefore, the essence of China's thousand-year-old centralized system is not to make the king wise and powerful, but to make everyone under the king become weak! If "Wuhua Zhuxia" all follow this path. In the end, it's just a bunch of weak countries that are casually bullied by white people!
Therefore, Wuhua Zhuxia is only part of Zhu Jishi's arrangements for the future. And a system that can get Wuhua Zhuxia out of the cycle of self-harm is the most critical thing!
This period before Zhu Jishi was about to leave for North America. He summoned Zuo Zongtang and Crown Prince Zhu Guoxiong to the Hot Spring Palace more than once to discuss the matter.
Regarding Emperor Zhu's question, Zuo Zongtang thought about it sideways and said: "In ancient times, the Legalists once had a saying: The king is under the law, the whole country is the public, the law is unique, and the only law is practiced. Xuan shook his head with a wry smile, "The truth is easier said than done. It's hard to do it. In fact, the Confucian etiquette law does not want to make the monarch and the minister have their own duties? The purpose is the same, but in practice, it is on the road of blindly seeking weakness. I want to use this set of methods of the Legalists. There aren't many saints and kings who can't be cultivated. ”
Zuo Zongtang has always spoken casually in front of Zhu Jishi, he is the number one hero of the restoration of the Ming Dynasty, but he is also a Wenchen who shakes a feather fan, and he has never been involved in military power. Zhu Jishi was only relieved of him and had no suspicions. And he is now a nominal adviser minister, a semi-retired figure. Nothing will anger Zhu Jishi, the broad-minded emperor Lao Tzu.
Zhu Jishi thought to himself, it is indeed difficult. Who wants to be bound by the law when they are in power? When the enemy stormed the palace, he realized that it was too late to use a constitution as a talisman. However, people are revolutionaries, and as long as they can realize their ideals, they will not care about their lives and future generations. This truth has been made clear by the Russian named Nechaev in the "Catechism of the Revolutionaries". But I ...... After all, it is impossible to take this step, more than 100 children. There will be more grandchildren in the future, how can you not think about them? Blindly seeking weakness and treating them as pigs is waiting for others to slaughter them!
"Father. The Westerners have kings under the law, and their constitutional system is to restrain the power of the monarch. Zhu Guoxiong interjected, "Now it seems that my Daming is also taking this path......"
His brows were already wrinkled, and his feelings about the Western set of rule of law ideas and laws restricting monarchy were the most complicated. Because he himself is the future king of the Ming Dynasty, on the one hand, he hopes that the legal system of the Ming Dynasty can protect his status; On the one hand, I don't want to be tied up too much by the law. It's really contradictory.
Listen to what my son said. Zhu Jishi nodded and said: "The constitutionalism of some Westerner countries is the realization of the king under the law, but the basis of their constitutionalism. In fact, it is still the balance of forces among the various factions in the country, and their king is not the only one. ”
Zhu Jishi didn't know this when he first arrived in this era. At that time, he only knew that the constitution was wrong, and that the constitution was used by the ruling clique to fool the people. And his purpose in introducing constitutional constitutionalism into China is not to restrain himself, but on the contrary, to strengthen his authority. The parliament and constitution were used to bring the bourgeoisie, which was still in its infancy, into the political arena, and let them represent the will of the people to resist and supervise the gentry class that held the right to speak.
However, after 30 years in power, Zhu Jishi truly understands the essence of the rule of law in the West. In fact, the rule of law in the West is not under the law, nor is it the spirit of contract, but the royal power can never be monopolized, and is constrained by such as the aristocracy, the theocracy, the bourgeoisie, the proletariat, and even other countries. It is impossible to distinguish between the superior and the inferior in the fight, so they will toss up the constitutional system and turn all kinds of checks and balances into law, so that the internal struggles in these countries can have some rules.
And in the actual process of development, a country with more constraints on the power of the monarch is not necessarily more powerful than a country with the supremacy of the monarchy. Typically, the Republic of Poland, with its aristocratic democracy, was divided several times by Tsarist Russia, which had a more powerful monarchy - and of course, behind the centralization of power in Tsarist Russia was the bloodiest court politics in Europe. The descendants of Peter the Great had been cut off by court struggles, and it was his daughter Anna who now ruled Russia. Descendants of Petrovna. And Anna. Petrovna's son Peter III and Peter III's son Paul I both died in a palace coup, and Paul I's son Alexander I also died or disappeared without explanation. Such a situation is not possible in those monarchies where the king is under the law.
If Russia had not had a revolution that ended the monarchy*, but had developed on the path of monarchical centralization for a few hundred years, as China had done, it would have evolved into a self-mutilating monarchy - just as the Ottoman dynasty of the Turkish Empire had returned to the feudal dynasty of China. Each generation of monarchs exterminates or captives their own brothers and even sons for their own safety and that of their descendants...... Even those "Ming monarchs" who can fight their way out of many brothers by unscrupulous means will not be able to bring the entire country and nation to truly strive for strength, because a self-harming and weak royal family and elite group will have no way to rule a group of tigers and wolves. It is necessary to be foolish and weak.
In a way, China's feudal dynasty was the ultimate monarch. It has developed to the point of "seeking weakness and reluctance"! The road has come to a complete end.
In fact, what Zhu Jishi has taken since regaining his sight is a new path that is different from the past.
"The king's constitutional path under the law now seems to be right." Zhu Jishi was a little helpless. The rights and wrongs of constitutionalism have been publicly discussed by later generations. But Zhu Jishi is a selfish person, and he is unwilling to sacrifice the interests of his family and descendants for the long-term interests of the country and the nation.
He glanced at Zhu Guoxiong, "Even if the king is written into the constitution and model under the law, there is not much restraint on me, the monarch of the restored country." The real king is under the law, and it can only start with you! ”
Zhu Guoxiong smiled bitterly. He knew what his father was trying to say. Only when the king is under the law will the royal family be strong...... Because the King of Law needs a strong family to defend. And the law on the king's head can protect the crown from being taken by others. That's why the king can use it with confidence for his brothers and nephews.
In the same way, the royal family will not be constrained by the law to seize benefits by unscrupulous means. Only then can they compete or collude with other interest groups, and finally form one or several interest groups that are powerful and willing to maintain the imperial power, and at the same time have the ability to restrain the imperial power. And only then can the king be truly established under the law. Without such an interest group, Wang is nothing more than extravagant talk under the law. And with such an interest group, Wang Zaifa is following the trend of history.
Therefore, once Zhu Jishi decides to follow the path of the king under the law, he will use the rest of his life to cultivate a group of interest groups that can restrain the imperial power and at the same time restrain each other...... (To be continued) R466