Chapter 477: Issuance of Banknotes
Zhou Chong's heart knot with Yan Song was gone, and he finally began to use this talent with confidence, speaking of the guy who can leave his name in the history books, which one will be easy to match? What's more, Yan Song, who is still known as the first traitor of the Ming Dynasty, has an amazing understanding ability, and is also very good at absorbing new knowledge, and quickly figured out the responsibilities of the central bank, as well as the operation mode of each bank, and now Zhou Zhong has cultivated him as the future governor of the central bank.
In addition, there is Zhou Chong, the king of Zhao, and other officials in the central bank are also very hard-working, after all, everyone is not stupid, now His Majesty the Emperor has gone to Xuanfu to play, this King Zhao is the pillar of the Ming Dynasty, and even is likely to become the new emperor of the Ming Dynasty in the future.
It is also the officials in the central bank who are powerful, and the owners of the fourteen money banks also see the benefits of the central bank supervision, so they are all trying to cooperate, and the result is that the first change is the fourteen money banks in the capital, they changed the plaque at the same time, and the money village has become a certain bank, and the pattern of all banks has also been standardized and unified, so that people can enter any bank, and see the same pattern, which is convenient for everyone to use the bank.
After the unified planning of the banks in Beijing, the 14 money banks began to change from the capital to the outside little by little under the guidance of the officials of the central bank, and all the original money banks began to change into new-style banks, which was very rapid, but it also took a long time, it is estimated that it will take at least one or two years, and this is only a superficial change. If you want to completely detach the old money bank into a new bank, I am afraid that it may not be possible to complete it in a few decades.
It's just a superficial deformation. It is enough for Zhou Chong, fourteen banks have branches all over the country, and there are even many banks competing in some big cities, so when these banks all over the country become subordinate institutions of the central bank, the first step of rectifying the rule of officials can begin, that is, the salaries of officials are separated from the government, so that although corruption cannot be completely eliminated. But at least it can regulate the income of officials and lay the foundation for future governance.
Of course, Zhou Zhong naturally will not sit stupidly and wait for a year or two, after the money in the capital has become a bank, he immediately began to implement one of the main business of the central bank, that is, the issuance of paper money, that is, from the Ming treasure banknotes to banknotes. However, the issuance of banknotes was not mandatory, but was carried out in a very modest manner.
After all, although the name of the banknote has changed, the people are not stupid, and they naturally know that this banknote is actually no different from the previous Daming treasure banknote, and even the same sentence on both has the same sentence, that is, "Zhongshu Province is allowed to print Daming banknotes and copper coins for common use." The forger will be beheaded, and the accuser will be rewarded with 250 taels of silver, and the prisoner will still be given property", this sentence is basically the same except for turning the Daming treasure banknote into the Daming banknote.
For counterfeit money. Zhou Chong has always hated it, and in his previous life, he had seen many people working hard to make money. But was deceived by a few counterfeit money to all the hard work, so for the counterfeit people, he has always thought that should see one to kill one, now the law of the Ming Dynasty finally met his wish, from the time of the issuance of the Ming treasure banknote, it is written that the counterfeiter beheaded, the person who reported the counterfeit money can not only get two hundred and fifty taels of silver, but also get the family property of the person who is reported, so that the risk taken by those counterfeiters is not proportional to the profits, so since the issuance of the Ming treasure banknote, Few people dare to make counterfeit money, and Zhou Zhong saw that this sentence was so effective, so he simply used it directly on new banknotes.
Banknotes are divided into four kinds, namely ten, hundred, consistent and ten, and the way of issuance is also very mild, Zhou Zhong in the count of the silver deposits in each bank, before deciding to print twice the banknotes, and these banknotes are not all released at one time, but first transported to the various banks in the capital, for example, if someone goes to the bank to deposit silver, the bank used to issue silver bills, but now they have one more choice, that is, they can exchange the silver for equivalent banknotes. In addition, if someone takes out silver, they can also choose to take out real silver or banknotes, which are voluntary and not compulsory.
In the beginning, everyone was very reluctant to banknotes, and even in the first month, the banks in the entire capital did not even issue a single banknote of the smallest denomination. However, Zhou Zhong had already expected this, so he did not rush in the slightest, but when the officials issued the money, they all used banknotes instead of silver, and told these officials in advance that if they did not want to use banknotes, they could go directly to the bank to exchange them for silver and copper coins, and there would be absolutely no less.
Because of the influence of the Ming treasure banknotes, not only the ordinary people of the Ming Dynasty have no confidence in the newly issued banknotes, but even the officials have no confidence, so after they reluctantly got the banknotes, they almost ran to the nearest bank at a racing speed, and slapped all the banknotes in their hands on the counter to exchange them for silver, and they were very surprised to find that the banknotes in their hands can really be exchanged for real money, and a lot of money.
But even so, almost all the banknotes issued to officials for the first time were exchanged for silver and copper coins, but there were also some people who did not change them in order to show their loyalty to the imperial court, such as Yan Song, an official in the bank, several ministers in the cabinet, and finally Zhou Zhong himself.
Although the effect of issuing banknotes for the first time was not very good, it also conveyed a message to the outside world, that is, the imperial court said that this time the words counted, and the banknotes could indeed be exchanged for equivalent silver or copper coins, although they did not know how long this policy could last, but at least it was still possible for now, and those officials were also more well-informed, and they heard a lot of inside information from the central bank through their connections, and as a result, they understood the value of banknotes better, and they were no longer so repulsive about banknotes.
It is precisely because of this that when the officials got the second time they got all the money, although most of them still chose to exchange it for silver and copper money, but the number of people who did not exchange it increased a lot, of course, the reason why these people did not exchange it was not just because they believed in banknotes, but because some well-known merchants in Beijing began to announce that they were willing to accept banknotes, such as Wanghai Pavilion, the largest restaurant in the city, was the first to publicly announce the collection of banknotes.
Banknotes can be exchanged for silver and copper money anytime and anywhere, and there are merchants willing to collect, which means that banknotes have credit and circulation value, plus banknotes are indeed more convenient than copper coins and silver, so from the beginning only a few people use, slowly began to become popular, banks also began to take the initiative to exchange silver and copper money into banknotes, of course, some people prefer to use various banks to open the bank, but although silver bills can also be used as paper money, it itself has certain limitations, In particular, the face value of silver bills is generally at least one tael or more, which is not as convenient as banknotes.
It took more than half a year for the bank to slowly make banknotes become the circulating currency in the market, but although the banknotes have been recognized, silver and copper coins are also circulating in the market, if the silver bills are added, then the Ming Dynasty has formed a situation of four currencies in parallel, for this situation, Zhou Zhong is not in a hurry, because he has set a timetable for the bank to abolish other currencies, in which the silver bills are the banknotes issued privately by various banks, which will be banned from circulation after a few years. It can only be used as a ticket for people to save money.
Then there is silver, in fact, before the Yuan and Ming dynasties, silver can not be used as currency circulation, but a precious metal, even in the early Ming Dynasty, silver was also banned from circulation, but the private silver transaction was never banned, until the Zhengde period, silver has been used as a commonly used currency.
However, now that there are banknotes, silver can be withdrawn from the circulation of the market, of course, it will take a long time, otherwise it is likely to cause chaos in the market, so Zhou Zhong feels that it is already very good to be able to ban silver from circulation before his death. As for the last copper coin, there was no need to ban it at all, but as a supplement to the banknotes, and there were no coins as a supplement to the banknotes in later generations?
Since the banknote was promoted, the central bank of Daming is finally on the right track, especially in the first year after the central bank of the 14 banks after the census of accounts, the accounts of each bank are very clear, thanks to the weekly forced implementation of Arabic numerals in the bank, as well as the tabulation of the accounts, in this way, the accounts are very clear, although it is still impossible to avoid fraud, but it brings great convenience to the people who check the accounts, before to check the accounts for a few months, now it only takes more than ten days to check.
In addition, in this year, the central bank also protected the interests of the 14 banks in various localities in accordance with the agreement, and when some officials embarrassed them, the officials of the central bank would go to preside over them, and even brought the lawsuits to the capital, and they were protected by Zhou, and these lawsuits were naturally won by the banks, after all, the hands of those local officials were too long.
Seeing that everything in the bank is on the right track, Zhou Chong's inspection of Yan Song has also ended, putting aside private morality, Yan Song is indeed a great talent, in just one year, Zhou Chong's knowledge of banking has been absorbed, and it is also applied according to the situation of the Ming Dynasty, and even has new ideas about the functions of the bank, Zhou Chong is also very relieved about this, so he finally handed over the position of governor of the central bank to him.
However, there is another reason why Zhou Zhong handed over the central bank to Yan Song, that is, Zhengde is making a lot of trouble on the Xuanfu side, and he must devote some of his energy to Zhengde's side, and he has no time to take care of the bank's affairs anymore. (To be continued.) If you like this work, you are welcome to come to the starting point (qidian) to vote for recommendation, monthly pass, your support, is my biggest motivation. For mobile phone users, please go to m.qidian to read. )9