Chapter 31 Days in Moscow (viii) A Conundrum
And after chatting about the GRU, the three of them began to discuss a difficult problem for the internal affairs forces next, although the situation in the defense of Moscow is difficult, after entering the end of November, the German army has now stopped the previous crazy offensive posture, and now the Soviet Union is accumulating strength to prepare for a counteroffensive, so what problems are there now that give the internal affairs troops a headache, that is, there are too many nationalities in the army now, which has brought huge trouble to the work of the internal affairs forces, of course, it is not that other nationalities do not work hard, André knew that after the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War in the USSR in 1941, the USSR Defense Committee decided to relocate all or part of the equipment, materials and human resources of the mega-factories of Moscow, Leningrad and other industrial cities in the center of the country to the rear, that is, the Urals, Siberia and Central Asia. Pen? Interesting? Pavilion wWw. biquge。 By the end of 1941, 1,523 industrial enterprises had been relocated and rapidly put into operation, of which 1,360 belonged to the defense industry sector. Subsequently, the National Evacuation Working Committee was established to formulate a decree on the evacuation of enterprises. The USSR Defense Committee and the State Committee for Evacuation led the evacuation work in a coordinated manner.
And Central Asia not only provides a stable rear but also provides a large number of troops, due to the huge casualties in the early stage, and now the Soviet Union urgently recruits troops, Central Asia has contributed a lot! At that time, the military districts of the five Central Asian countries were collectively called the Central Asian Military District of the Soviet Red Army, which was not the Central Asian Military Region that confronted China in later generations, the Central Asian Military District has a long history, as early as after the October Revolution, there were various command structures here, which were originally exercised by the Military Commissar of the Turkestan Territory, and in 1919, the Turkestan Front was officially set up here, and at the same time began a heroic battle.
During the years of the Civil War, all the officers and men of Turkestan fought valiantly against the foreign intervention forces and the White Guards. They gave great support to the peoples of Khiva and Bukhara in the establishment of Soviet power and in the formation of the leading bodies of the Bukhara and Khorizm Soviet People's Republics. Many soldiers, commanders at all levels, and political workers have been awarded various medals for their bravery and tenacity in battle, and for their heroism.
And by the time of 26, the Turkestan Front was reorganized into the Central Asian Military District. Later, he participated in the task of eliminating the Basma Red bandits, and during the Soviet-German war years, the military district made a great contribution to the victory over fascist Germany.
After the end of the Soviet-German war, the Central Asian Military District was divided into two, forming the Turkestan Military District and the Steppe Military District. A few years later, the two military districts were merged into the Turkestan Military District.
Until 69, in order to contain China in the east, part of the troops and weapons of the Turkestan Military District in the areas under the jurisdiction of the Kazakh, Kyrgyz and Tajik Soviet Socialist Republics and the local military administration transferred to form the Central Asian Military District again.
During the bloody years of World War II, about 4 million people from the five Central Asian countries were conscripted to fight on the front lines, and more than one-third of them were killed. More than 1.8 million Kazakhs fought and more than 600,000 died heroically. More than 1.5 million people in Uzbekistan fought and more than 500,000 died. Nearly 300,000 people fought in Tajikistan and 92,000 were killed. A total of 360,000 people in Kyrgyzstan (then part of Kazakhstan) were called up for combat or logistical support tasks in the Great Patriotic War, and 95,000 people died. Turkmenistan had 300,000 people fighting in the war, of whom 74,000 died.
During this period, the officers and men of the five Central Asian countries fought arduous battles against the German fascists, and many heroic stories were circulated in later generations. During the famous Battle of Moscow, 28 brave men of the 1075th Regiment of the 316th Panfilov Guards Infantry Division of the Soviet Army fought bravely and resisted the four-hour repeated attack of 50 German tanks, and finally all of them died heroically. "Russia is vast, but we have no way back, because behind us is Moscow!" This is the tragic and heroic words of the 28 warriors. Of the 28, 10 warriors (some of them ethnic Russians) came from Almaty, Kazakhstan's largest city. Today, a park in the center of Almaty is named after the 28 warriors of Panfilov, and the park is full of flames and glorious monuments to the memory of the martyrs. Many local newlyweds choose to lay flowers in the park on their wedding day, so that the martyrs can witness the most important sacred moment in their lives. In addition, the grandfather of the future President of Turkmenistan, Berdymukhamedov, fought in World War II, serving in the 748th Infantry Regiment of the Second Ukrainian Front and was heroically wounded in battle. The father of the future President of Tajikistan, Rahmon, was also a World War II veteran and was awarded the Medal of Honor.
During World War II, the five Central Asian countries served as the rear area, continuously delivering food, clothing, automobiles, aircraft, aero engines, tanks and other materials to the front line. The Central Asian countries have also mobilized the masses to actively donate money to the front. According to statistics, Turkmen women voluntarily donated gold and silver jewelry with a total weight of 7,392 kilograms, and Kazakh people donated more than 1,200 wagons of various materials. At the same time, the five Central Asian countries have also overcome numerous difficulties and actively participated in the resettlement of refugees, and Kazakhstan alone has accepted more than 400,000 war refugees. (This passage is not a glorification but a fact, the rise and fall of the country is the responsibility of the husband, although they are minorities, but their contribution in the Great Patriotic War cannot be denied, because this is a noble act of justice.) This is not to please Russia, this is what they really think in their hearts. Some people say that the Great Patriotic War of the USSR has nothing to do with Central Asia, but that it was the state of Russia that was defended, I do not agree with this statement, just imagine, if Russia falls, Germany will then enter Central Asia, and according to the Nazi theory, I am afraid it is unlikely that Central Asians will be treated well)
At present, a large number of Central Asians have joined the army, except for the Kazakh Russians, who are all ethnic minorities in these five countries, and because of the language differences, the big problem is that many soldiers from Central Asia, many officers and soldiers of the internal affairs forces do not understand the words, and they also know that there are Central Asian divisions in the German army, mainly the bandit leader Mustafa Shuohai who established the Turkestan Autonomous Province in the south of present-day Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan after the October Revolution. In the north, the pro-Soviet Ali Khan and others established the Republic of Arash. The purpose of Turestan was to unite the Turbeans of Central Asia as a single nation. This went against Soviet politics, so Turkestan was broken by Soviet troops just two years after it was founded. At that time, many Turkestans, who were disgusted with the Soviet Union, took the train to Europe or Turkey after their death. As soon as World War II broke out, these people were recruited by the Nazis to form the Turestan Legion. If the Germans chose someone to infiltrate, or sent spies deep into the interior, it would be troublesome!
But there are so many soldiers in Central Asia, you can't be suspicious and arrested, if you don't get it right, it will hurt the hearts of the army, and it is very difficult to identify the language barrier, now the Ministry of Internal Affairs is very troubled by this problem, and Andrei also knows that if it is not handled well, the patriotic enthusiasm of Central Asia may be dampened, and the Ministry of Internal Affairs cannot afford this responsibility!
At the same time, the language barrier makes it very inconvenient for the command of the troops! And when it comes to this issue, Crochkov is now also the first two big ones, not only Central Asia, but also Siberia and the Far East ethnic minorities who joined the army, and there are a lot of ethnic groups in the Soviet Union!
And although Andrei is a later generation, there is no good way, but thinking of the experience of later generations, Andrei still decided to put forward some of his own ideas to Krochkov: "Comrade Crochkov, I think this problem should be solved in a multi-pronged way!" ‘’
"What's the multi-pronged approach?" Crochkov asked, Andrei took a sip of tea, and then said: "First of all, our Ministry of Internal Affairs can organize training courses in ethnic languages, and with our ability, we can find experts in this field to train our cadres and fighters, and at the same time, we can also have an in-depth understanding of different ethnic groups so that we can become familiar with our comrades, and at the same time, we can also deploy professionals in this area at some key points to strictly prevent the infiltration of the Germans!" ”
"Secondly, we can have the commanders and fighters in Central Asia who understand the Russian language and have a high level of education specially lined up in the positions of communications and command, so that it will not only be convenient for our Ministry of Internal Affairs to conduct examination, but also conducive to the command work of the Red Army."
"In addition, we can ask the Central Committee to mobilize a large number of cadres who have been working in Central Asia for a long time, so that they can serve as political cadres in the Red Army on the one hand, so that they can facilitate supervision, and on the other hand, we can also properly mobilize and arouse the patriotic enthusiasm of the member countries in Central Asia!"
Crochkov slapped the table directly, good idea, I'll report to Comrade Beria right away!