In the early morning of October 14, the German offensive on Borokino began. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 info

At the headquarters of the Western Front here, General Zhukov was looking at the map in the command headquarters, when suddenly the commander of the guard company, Grissa, came in and reported: "Comrade commander, a unit has just arrived from Moscow, and according to the commander who led the team, they were ordered to report to you!" ”

Zhukov looked at the map and said without raising his head: "I know, now the battle situation on the front line is critical, and Borodino is very tight, you let the new troops go there to report immediately!" ”

Grissa was stunned for a moment and replied: "Comrade commander, this is a special guard battalion sent to you by your superiors, and it cannot be added to the following!" ”

"What!" Zhukov suddenly remembered that the secret telegram given to him by the Supreme Command some time ago said that the newly formed A unit would be sent to him to participate in the battle, and it would come in the name of the guard unit for the sake of secrecy.

Yes, Andrey this time not only brought 200 people from Unit A, but also a company of guards sent by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, led by Captain Yushchenko, to guard Zhukov's command.

So Zhukov said: "Let the commander who led the team come in." ”

"Yes." Grissa quickly went to convey the order, and after a while, Andrei and Klochkov came in together, and the two came to Zhukov and reported one after another: "Report to Comrade General, Major Andrei Yalen Yakov of the Ministry of Internal Affairs has been ordered to report to you. ”

“…… Political instructor Kolochkov was instructed to report to you. ”

Well, Zhukov looked at the two people in front of him, thought for a while and said, "Welcome, comrades, time is running out now, politeness is dispensed with, Comrade Kolochkov, you can now go with my guard company commander Grissa to arrange your station and go to the staff officer to get maps and information, and I will talk to Comrade Andrei about the rest." ”

"Yes, Comrade General." Kolochkov replied neatly, then turned and left.

Seeing that Kolochkov was expended, Andrei suddenly understood that after all, Zhukov was also the promoter of the one-commander system of the army, and the political commissar system of the Soviet army was different from that of Huaxia:

In 1918, when the Soviet Republic had just been born, the Bolshevik Party and the Russian government created the Red Army on February 23 in order to crush the attacks of foreign intervention forces and the White Guards and defend the gains of the revolution. On 6 April, the first regulations on the political commissar were promulgated, the purpose of which was to implement the Party's policy in the army, to exercise political supervision over military specialists, and to lead the Party organization and all Party and government work. At that time, the Red Army absorbed a large number of military experts from the old army, and the political commissar was sent by the party, so in order to ensure the absolute leadership of the party in the army, the political commissar had the final decision.

On January 27, 1920, Lenin raised the question of a one-length system. He said: "We cannot regard the experience gained by the Soviet power in military construction as an isolated experience, for war involves construction in all its forms. The building of our army has been able to achieve success only because it is carried out in the same way as the construction of Soviet power as a whole, according to the class relations of contrast that manifest themselves in any sector of construction. Here we also see the bourgeoisie, the backbone of the leading class, and the peasant masses. In other branches the essence of this contrast has not yet been fully manifested, but it has been truly tested in armies facing the enemy, where every mistake is inflicted with heavy sacrifices. This experience should be carefully considered. This experience has gone through a regular path of development, first with the accidental and unclear system of collective management, and later with the system of collective management, which has become an organizational system observed by all organs of the military, and now, according to the general trend, the one-long system is the only correct method of work. "But at that time, the conditions for the implementation of the one-long system were not yet in place. By 1925, the number of party members in the Soviet army had increased significantly. More than 40 percent of the command personnel of the Soviet army were party members, and the number of party members with workers' backgrounds also increased, which strengthened the ranks of cadres at all levels and created conditions for the implementation of the one-chief system. On March 6, 1925, the Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party approved the letter of instruction "On the Implementation of the One-Chief System in the Red Army".

In the beginning, there were two forms of the one-long system: the complete one-long system and the incomplete one-long system. The complete one-length system means that the commander is a party member, performs the functions of a commander and a political commissar at the same time, and assigns him a political deputy; In the incomplete one-length system, commanders are responsible for military training and administrative management, while political commissars are retained to be responsible for party work, and are jointly responsible for the combat readiness of the troops with commanders.

From 1937 to 1940, during the period of international tension, the tasks of commanders became more and more complicated, and a large number of reserve commanders with no experience in party and government work joined the army. On August 10, 1937, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Brazzaville approved the Regulations on the Political Commissar of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, and the political commissar system was restored again.

On August 12, 1940, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR issued the Order on Strengthening the One-Commander System of the Red Army and the Red Navy, and the political commissar system introduced in 1937 was abolished. The commander is fully responsible for all aspects of the troops, including political education. At the same time, the post of deputy political commander in charge of party and government work was established.

On June 22, 1941, the Soviet-German war broke out. On July 16, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR issued a decree "On the reorganization of the political propaganda apparatus and the introduction of the political commissar system in the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army". The order states that due to the increased political workload and the complexity of the work of the commanders, "it is called for an increase in the role and responsibility of political workers, as was the case during the civil war against foreign armed intervention".

At the first stage of the Great Patriotic War, the commanders of the Soviet troops matured militarily and politically. Thus, on October 9, 1942, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR issued an order on the establishment of a complete system of one-chiefs, the abolition of the political commissar system in the Red Army, and the political commissar was replaced by the political deputy.

The general in front of him is a staunch supporter of the one-long system.

Sure enough, after Kolochkov went out, Zhukov really asked Andrei: "Andrei, I have been listening to your speech in the Kremlin, your views are very novel but very correct, and you have a sharp summary of our army's failures in the early stage, as for the theory of special warfare, it is also very unique, but you were only a second lieutenant a few months ago, who told you this?" It can be said that the person who can have this kind of insight is really a military genius, can you let me meet him? ”

"Uh" Zhukov's question made Andrei dumbfounded, he couldn't tell Zhukov: "Comrade General, I am a traverser, and those are what I read and see." ”

Seeing Andrei's silence, Zhukov said: "Is he in the custody of your Ministry of Internal Affairs, if this is the case, I can exercise special powers to let him come out and return to the troops, we need experienced commanders now." Zhukov dismissed Andrei's silence as another problem, after all, a large number of experienced and capable commanders had been ruthlessly purged during the purge of previous years, including the military genius of the Soviet army, Marshal Tukhachevsky himself. I guess he thought he was a survivor of a purge movement, which is why he said that.

And Andrei quickly shook his head and said: "Comrade General, they are not in this world. Hearing Andrei's words, Zhukov fell silent, after all, the Great Purge killed countless excellent commanders, and it is estimated that these commanders who told Andrei about these things have either died in their own people or in the hands of the Germans.

After being silent for a long time, and arranging other things Andrei left the headquarters and came to the camp where Unit A was stationed, it was a meal, Andrei also picked up the tableware and ate together, and everyone was eating.

"Alyosha," Kolochkov said to one of the fighters, "you are a Borodino, right?" As soon as he spoke, the originally oppressive atmosphere in the car was suddenly swept away.

"Yes, Comrade Political Instructor." Alyosha happily replied.

"Anyway, it's boring on the road, so you can tell Andrei about the glorious history of Borodino!" Hearing Kolochkov's words, Andrei's attention immediately focused, because Andrei still didn't know anything about this place, and hoped to learn more about the situation in this area through Alyosha's narration.

"Okay." Alyosha agreed, and while eating, he told his teammates the story of Borodino. In June 1812, the French Emperor Napoleon, who had conquered most of Europe, personally led an army of 600,000 to invade Russia, and he threatened to defeat Russia completely within half a year.

Due to the successive defeats of the Russian army at the beginning of the war, Tsar Alexander I considered the commander of the Russian army, Prince Detoli, incompetent, and removed him from his post and replaced him with the elderly Kutuzov. After Kutuzov, who was supported by his subordinates, took office, according to the changes in the situation on the battlefield, he gathered a large number of troops and took the initiative to fight a life-and-death battle with the French army in the Borodino area in September.

Although the battle ended with the retreat of the Russian army, the French army was unable to please him, and both sides suffered heavy casualties. So much so that shortly after the capture of Moscow, Napoleon had to withdraw from Moscow in disgrace due to insufficient troops and threats to logistical supplies. At this time, Kutuzov took the opportunity to organize troops for a full-scale counteroffensive and completely defeated the invading French army. Napoleon, who was invincible, fled back to Paris with only a few hundred men.

Hearing Alyosha say this, Andrei also remembered what kind of place it was. In the early years, when Andrei was still a student, when he read Tolstoy's "War and Peace", he saw this history that Russians should be proud of. The Russians fought a life-and-death battle with the French here that would determine the fate of the country. Unexpectedly, one hundred and thirty years later, the Soviets will have a decisive battle with the invading German devils here. Thankfully, both Napoleon and Hitler were in this place called Borodino.

The silent memories in Andrei's mind revived, and he recalled all the details of the novel. Andrei remembered that later Lermontov also wrote a long poem called "Borodino". However, the poem was too long for Andrei to remember completely, so he asked Alyosha tentatively: "Do you remember Lermontov's long poem "Borodino"? ”

"Yes, of course I do!" Alyosha said excitedly, and then began to recite aloud: "Uncle, you said that is true? A raging fire burned Moscow, but the French were not cheapened? Haven't you fought several tough battles? It is said that it was extremely fierce at that time, no wonder Andrei remembered Borodino throughout Russia! ……”

“…… Yes, we were not like the people of our present generation, we were good men - not like you! We had a difficult fate, and not many people came back from the battlefield. If it weren't for God's purpose, how could he have abandoned the city of Moscow? ......" Kolochkov also recited with great interest.

Seeing that everyone's emotions were mobilized, Andrei drank the soup and put down the lunch box, shouting: "Unit A, reappear brilliant!" ”

"Unit A, reappear brilliantly!" Everyone shouts together!