Wang Hengyue, the great dictator of the East, began to restore the sacred territory of China and the reconquest of that country. And in the West one of the dictators is also quietly emerging!

"Wearing a word helmet on his head, black, white and red armbands on his arms, Hitler SA, how loud our name is!"

In the midst of this song, Adolf. Hitler's stormtroopers appeared in Germany!

In the autumn of 1922, Adolf. Hitler's activities aroused the interest of the allies. At the suggestion of the U.S. ambassador to Germany, the United States assigned Truman. Smith-Yale student, West Point graduate, deputy military attache in Berlin to Munich,

"An assessment of the strength of the supposedly growing National Socialist movement." Smith was instructed to meet Hitler and make an assessment of "his character, personality, abilities, and weaknesses."

He also wanted to investigate the strength and potential of the National Socialist Workers' Party of Germany.

More specifically, Smith had to find answers to the following questions: "Is it possible for Bavaria to declare independence from Germany?" Is there a danger of another ** uprising in Munich? Was it possible for Hitler's Socialist Workers' Party to seize power in Bavaria? Was the 7th Wehrmacht Division stationed in Bavaria completely loyal to the Reich, or to Berlin and Bavaria, respectively? If there is a riot or rebellion on the right or the left, can it be used to suppress them? ”

Just before noon on 15 November, Captain Smith arrived in Munich. Immediately after settling in at the Mariambad Hotel, he went to the U.S. Consulate on Redler Street to meet with Acting Consul Robert Brown. Murphy. Murphy, 28, told Smith that Bavaria's new chancellor was "not a tough guy" because he was "just a tool" of former Chancellor Karl. He said that the Socialist Workers' Party was growing rapidly in power, and that its leader, although "a simple adventurer", was "a real figure who was tapping into latent grievances."

Hitler understood the psychological state of the Bavarians, but it is doubtful whether it was "enough to lead the national movement in Germany."

In the days that followed, he worked with army generals, government officials, the successor Prince Lupkocht, a liberal newspaper editor, and Mex. Evan, Feng. Schubanna. Richter conversed. Schubanna. Richter was a close friend of Rosenberg and had begun to exert considerable influence on Hitler. He assured Smith that the party's anti-Semitism was "purely for propaganda."

He then invited Smith to the party's new headquarters to see the stormtroopers' parade.

"Spectacular one indeed.." Smith made such a note in his hotel room that night. "1,200 strong men I had never seen before, carrying the flag of the old empire and wearing bright red armbands, walked past Hitler and were inspected by him. After the review, Hitler made a speech. Then chanted: 'Let the Jews die!' , and other slogans. People cheered wildly. I've never seen anything like this in my life. ”

At the beginning of 1923, there was a quarrel between Britain and France within the "Reparations Commission", from which the British delegation withdrew. This gave France an opportunity to settle the issue of reparations by force. On 11 January, the French and Belgian forces marched into the Ruhr area under the pretext that Germany had not fulfilled its obligations.

This action not only stirred up the spirit of nationalism throughout Germany, but also accelerated the depreciation of the mark. In less than two weeks, the mark fell from 6,750 to 50,000 against the dollar

For a trip to Berlin, the government in Weimar paid the "guarantee committee" for the train ticket "in several large paper baskets filled with 20 marks, which were carried by seven office staff from the office to the railway station". Now, it takes 49 people to lift.

The encroachment of the Ruhr area, inflation, and increased unemployment not only broadened the basis of nationalism, but also brought Hitler more followers. …,

Hitler disdained to cooperate with other parties, including the "Socialist Majority," organized protest rallies on his own, and announced that he would hold seven public rallies on January 27, the first birthday of the National Socialist Workers' Party of Germany.

Although the Bavarian police chief had already informed him that the rallies would be banned, Hitler was undaunted. He shouted, "If the police want to shoot, then please, and he's sitting in the front row anyway."

He didn't go back to his word. On that day, he got into the car and hurried from one venue to another.

When Hitler strode down the aisle, the audience stood up and shouted "Hurrah!" ”

The next day, they again ignored the police's ban. 6,000 stormtroopers, waving flags, came to Marsverd. They stood in the snow, shivering with cold!

Some wore uniform ski caps, brown jackets and leggings, while others wore merchant clothes. They flew all kinds of flags, and the characters were large and small. Although the group was dressed in a variety of clothes, they stood straight one by one, as if they were the Kaiser's elite division. Although the police were prepared to cause trouble, there was no confusion. In fact, the two-day rallies were not shocking. There was no violence, no public commotion, but the repercussions were significant. Hitler's contempt for the police led many neutral leaders to his side and drove the students of the University of Munich down a more radical path. More importantly, it reduced the prestige of the Bavarian government.

In the first serious confrontation with the authorities, it was Hitler who won.

"He was an extraordinary man," reported the American journalist Ludwell Danny, who attended Hitler's rally a few days later, "and his speech was short and intense." He kept clenching his fists, clenching and releasing and releasing and clenching. For the brief time he was alone with me, he seemed very abnormal; Strange eyes, nervous hands, strange swinging heads. ”

The other aspect of fate, which appeared in the guise of inflation, also seemed to favor Hitler and his march on Berlin.

By the beginning of October, one pre-war mark was worth 6,014,300 marks today. The price of an egg was about 30 million in 1913.

Many cities and businesses print their own "emergency money" to cover expenses. The Imperial Bank could not refuse to accept this emergency currency, or dispose of it at the equivalent of their currency. It has become a big joke for the government to print its own currency: the banknote with a flat amount of 1,000 marks, printed in December last year, is now marked in red: 1 billion marks; The banknote of 500 million marks issued by the Bavarian State Bank a few weeks ago is now stamped with 20 billion marks. The 20 billion marks, assuming that it could be exchanged for 800 dollars at the time, were worth only a fraction of a dollar when the holder of this not-so-beautiful note with astronomical numbers arrived at the exchange office. Suppose someone is willing to exchange hard currency for him.

People are going crazy. They did not dare to hold the banknote for an hour. If you miss a tram to the bank, your monthly salary can be reduced to a quarter or less of its original value.

Since January, Hitler has recruited about 35,000 new party members.

By mid-October, Hitler was even more convinced that the people were ready for another revolution. "When my fantasies and love for the whole German people asked me to do this." Hitler told his audience at Nuremberg: "I have no choice but to act." ”

"He had never been so emotionally moved during his speech. You can't imagine how quiet the audience was when this man started his speech. In October of that year, a fiery follower wrote in her letter home. It was as if the audience couldn't breathe. "Sometimes, I almost felt that Hitler used spells in order to gain the unconditional trust of men, women and children." The proximity of another fascinated listener to Hitler almost made him see how he was spitting. "To us, this man is a whirlwind dervishe. But he knew how to kindle the fire in people's breasts. He did not use the method of debate, which is ineffective in hate-inciting speeches, but the method of fanatical shouting, but the main thing was deafening repetition and a somewhat infectious rhythm. That's what he's learned. This method is powerful and has a primitive and brutal effect. ”…,

In Bavaria, the pressure of such incendiary speeches made von . Karl was unable to carry out his official duties, despite the fact that he had dictatorial powers. Although his superiors wanted him to curb Hitler's violence, many leaders in Bavaria pressured him to be gentle with Hitler.

The Bavarian Plains were nationalist and conservative, and although many regretted Hitler's brutality and outrageous rhetoric, they shared his dreams of a strong and youthful Germany.

"Some of the sentiments that were supposed to be respectable led people to the wrong path of the Nazis," said a liberal member of the Bavarian Democratic Party, "and these people also wanted to sincerely serve the country and the people." ”

For this reason, the Bavarian police, despite their anger, did little to intervene in Hitler's violence. The commander of the Bavarian army, Otto. General von Zi-Soff, when Berlin came to order Hitler to be sanctioned and his newspapers to be closed, resisted this demand!

Losov was dismissed because he continued to disobey orders, but this action angered the Bavarian government, which instead appointed him commander of the Bavarian State Defense Forces.

The next day, the entire Bavarian garrison collectively disobeyed the order, which almost amounted to a rebellion.

They swore to the Bavarian government to disassociate themselves from the Weimar Republic, and "only when Bavaria's relations with the Reich were readjusted did they revert to the principle of subordination to their superior officers."

It was a legitimate, formal, non-violent rebellion - nevertheless, it was a rebellion in the truest sense of the word.

"There will be no civil war", a member of the Bavarian cabinet privately told Robert. "It's just that the ship of the country is too far to the left." Rectifying this situation was, and still is, the responsibility of Bavaria! ”