After the three of them finished talking, they just asked Xu Lang to share with everyone happily that he had gained from reading, and if he didn't say it, he was uncomfortable. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 info Now, speaking out, my heart is much happier.

Jiang Hexing saw that both of them went back, and when he came to the courtyard to take a look, he found that the dark clouds were rolling, and after a while, there was thunder and lightning in the sky. I wanted to go to Chang'an City, but it seems that it is going to rain heavily, so let's rest honestly.

I sat empty in the house for a while, and the sound of rain crackled outside the window, and it came quickly and violently.

Jiang Hexing thought about it, he has been discussing the book "Zhou Li" for the past two days, should he also take a serious look at it, what is the attraction of this book? From Wang Mang to Wang Anshi and other reformers all the way, all of them have to use this book as a blueprint?

What's even more interesting is that the reforms based on the "Zhou Li" have all suffered huge failures.

It seems that this book is extremely tempting, and it is extremely unsuitable as a blueprint for reform.

Jiang Hexing sent someone to bring the book from Xu Lang, lit a candle, sat by the window, listened to the wind and rain outside, and read the book carefully.

The book is actually not very long, but it takes a lot of effort to understand it, especially Jiang Hexing, which is particularly difficult to read. Although two university scholars interpreted it two days ago, and they also know the general meaning, it is not easy to read and understand.

Moreover, Jiang Hexing wanted not only to understand, but also to know why this book was so attractive to those ancient reformers.

The rain never stopped, and the river line was like this until it was dark. The soldiers brought him food, and he put down the book and thought about it while eating.

After eating, Jiang Hexing ordered someone to find a pen and paper, and he wrote down his feelings after reading "Zhou Li".

The previous books were all about teaching people how to cultivate virtue and how to love the people in order to achieve long-term peace and stability. In other words, many classic books in the past were about the moral recuperation of leaders. Governance comes and goes, it is a matter of human governance.

This book, of course, is different, this is a book about institutionalization. The question raised by the book is no longer just a question of individual morality, but a question of law, or of a social system. In other words, the book elevates the governance of the country to the point of view of the rule of law.

For example, how to govern officials, "Zhou Li" put forward the policy of using the "eight laws" to govern officials. The so-called "Eight Laws", "Zhou Li. Dazai has this paragraph: "One is called an official subordinate, and the state is governed; the second is the official position, in order to defend the state governance; the third is called the official association, which is governed by the government; Fourth, it is said that the officials are often to listen to the rule of the officials; Five said that the official is formed, and the state is governed; Sixth, the official law is governed by the state; Seven official punishments, to correct the state of governance; Eight is called the official plan, and the state is governed by disadvantages. ”

Moreover, in the "Zhou Li", the various powers and functions of officials are clearly stipulated.

Hundreds of officials act according to the law, Zhou Li attaches great importance to the "law", involving many types of law, Dazai, Da Situ, Da Sima, and Da Si Kou all have corresponding laws for treating elephants, teaching elephants, political elephants, and punishing elephants, as well as Da Sima's tactics, the five punishments of the division, and the alliance of the alliance, etc.

There is a special law for all major affairs in the state, and the law comes from the king.

However, the uploading and distribution of the Dharma is achieved through "teaching the Dharma", "observing the Dharma", and so on. The official law is controlled by senior officials and delegated to their subordinate officials, which is called "conferring law". For example, "Zhou Li. Magistrate. There is such a passage in the "Township Doctor": "The auspiciousness of the first month is taught to Situ, and the retreat is given to his villagers, so that each can be governed by teaching." The chief situ granted the teachings to the township doctors, and the township doctors in turn granted the teachings to the township officials to whom they belonged, and taught them layer by layer.

The so-called "view of the law", "Zhou Li" stipulates that on the auspicious day of the first month of each year, Dazai, Da Situ, Da Sima, and Da Si Kou must hang the law outside the palace gate, so that all the people can watch it, so that the people can understand the law; Xiao Zai, Xiao Situ, and Xiao Sikou had to lead their subordinates to read the decree proclamation hanging at the palace gate, which was called reading.

Through "reading the law," officials should be able to keep in mind the laws and regulations corresponding to their positions, handle matters according to law, and punish those who violate the law and derelict their duties with "official punishment." The "law" is the basis for the actions of all officials, and it is also the criterion for judging whether they are qualified or not. Xu Lang's guess is that there is some truth, and the Rong Yigong who helped King Zhou Li reform is very likely to be the author.

These are the content of the rule of law in Zhouli.

The content of the rule of law in "Zhou Li" is a bit completely different from that of previous books. Just like shipbuilding, the previous books instructed shipbuilding not to leak, to use wood, to pay attention to the flow of water, to pay attention to the direction of the wind, etc., to say some principled words, but people have nowhere to start. And "Zhou Li" is like a rendering, clearly drawing the ship.

This is the first reason for the fatal allure of "Zhou Li", and its strong humanitarian ideas are the second reason for its fatal allure.

Many of the designs of the welfare system in Zhou Lizhong are full of humanist ideas.

"Zhou Li. Magistrate. There is an interest-guaranteed system in Da Situ: "Six are used to support the people: one is Salesian, two is old-aged, three is to revitalize the poor, four is to compassionate the poor, five is to relieve illness, and six is to be prosperous." ”

There is also the medical system, "Zhou Li. Tianguan. The Doctor of Disease has a record: "All the people who are sick know it." "Zhou Li. Magistrate. There is a record in the "Rescue": "Whenever there is a natural disease in the year, the country and the suburbs will be patrolled with festivals, and the king's order will be beneficial." ”

Not only these, but also institutional design on how to be socially equitable.

Although it cannot be compared with the idea of equality in later generations, at that time, its lethality to intellectuals impregnated with Confucianism was simply deadly.

Confucianism discusses how to be benevolent every day, how to respect God and love the people, and when you read this book, you should be so benevolent.

Third, for the supreme ruler, whether it is the king of Zhou or the later emperors, the attraction of a generation of sages has been achieved, and no book can give guidance like "Zhou Li". These rulers grew up reading Confucian classics, and every day they read empty dogmas and unoperational moral principles. This book is not only not dogmatic, but also can be practiced concretely, and if the practice is good, it is a generation of sages, who can not be tempted?

Perhaps Rong Yigong used his own governance experience, plus some imagination, so he organized people to write this book and then handed it to King Zhou Li.

When King Zhou Li looked at the book, it was really extraordinary, it was exactly what he wanted. If he can do what he does in the book and can fully realize it, he can catch up with Zhou Gong. Therefore, Rong Yigong was recruited and put in charge of reform.

The result, of course, was tragic.

Moreover, the original name of this book was "Zhou Guan", and everyone thought that it was done by Zhou Gong, and everyone knew Zhou Gong's exploits. Therefore, using this book as a blueprint for reform is akin to holding the banner of Zhou Gong.

Throughout ancient history, this flag seems to have been effective.

The attraction is big enough, so big that almost everyone will be tempted, and if they are tempted, they will practice, but the results of practice are always unsatisfactory, why is this?

Jiang Hexing fell into deep thought. (To be continued.) )