On October 20, 58 B, the first day of the war between the United Empire of Saint Romain and the Marne-Rocco Empire over the colonies of Sasil (referred to as the Intercontinental Colonial War in the B century). Pen "Fun" Pavilion www.biquge.info

On this morning, the United Empire of San Romain had declared war on the Marne-Rocco Empire, and the reason was that it had taken a fancy to your colony and sent a special fleet to fight for it. The ambassador of the Marnerocco empire to the country actually smiled when he received the declaration of war, which was a smug smile that came from confidence in his country's army.

"In terms of naval strength, my family dumped your family ten streets, you declared war with me, and you went to my door to fight a naval battle, you are sick in the brain." Almost all of the top brass of the Marne Rocco Empire thought so.

The ambassador thinks the same way, but he can't say it in a formal setting, diplomacy is rhetorical. After laughing deep inside, he replied in polite diplomatic language: "I regret the war between the two countries, the Marne-Rocco Empire has the strength and confidence to achieve a total victory, and the unjust war of the United Empire of Saint-Romain is bound to lose." ”

There is no doubt that in the eyes of the high-level of the Marnerocco Empire, Caesar's army is not a grade compared to his own army, especially the navy.

"The navy of the United Empire of St. Romain and Sanjunia is very strong, but in the eyes of the great Marne-Rocco Empire, this navy does not pose a threat at all."

"The mighty fleet of the Marnerocco Imperial Navy is fully capable of launching these Caesar's toy warships into the water in a short period of time."

"I feel that Julius Caesar's navy is no match for us, and to be exact, no naval fleet under Caesar can defeat our colonial fleet."

These are the statements of the politicians of the Marne Rocco Empire. Politicians in big countries rarely say crazy things, and they do have a good basis for saying this. In their eyes, Caesar's fleet looked like this:

Summary of "Overview of the Development of the United Imperial Navy of San Romain and Santa Sunia" - Editor of the Third Section of the Foreign Military Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of the Marne Rocco Empire (for internal distribution only)

"The United Imperial Navy of St. Romain and Sansúnia has a total of six fleets, and the deployment of forces is extremely scattered", "The territory of the United Empire is vast, the territorial waters are widely distributed, and there are geographical barriers around it", "The fleets cannot reinforce each other in a short period of time", "The country is unable to invest sufficient resources in each fleet to form a decisive battle advantage", "In order to cope with this almost insurmountable strategic disability, the navy of the country has creatively put forward the "Offshore Decisive Battle Fleet Concept", which requires each fleet to be in its own coastal defense area, It is possible to win naval battles with all possible enemies completely on its own, "and around this concept, the country's naval department has developed and equipped a number of new warships with great characteristics. "The Penguin-class pocket battleship (according to our country's standards should be called a heavy armored and heavy gunboat) is a representative of this group of characteristic warships."

"Penguin-class pocket battleship: displacement 4,800 tons, length 102 meters, width 15.6 meters, average draft 6 meters, maximum draft 6.8 meters, design horsepower 6,200 horsepower, speed 16.5 knots, endurance 6,000 nautical miles / 10 knots, coal carrying capacity of 800 tons. The caliber of the main gun: 320mm/L38, the simplified position of the main gun is in the middle, causing the bridge to be seriously backward. Secondary guns, 8 120mm, 4 57mm rapid-fire machine guns, arranged on both sides of the hull, and two 120mm secondary guns on the rear deck are arranged on both sides as tail guns. According to reliable information, a total of 36 ships of this class are planned to be built, and 20 are in service. ”

"The naval department of the United Imperial Army claims that this type of warship has strong firepower and heavy armor, small tonnage, low total cost and tonnage cost, suitable for mass production, can be used for coastal operations, and can also participate in fleet decisive battles in ocean-going waters. However, our army believes that the ratio of the firepower of the main guns of this type of ship to the tonnage does not match, which is an absolute waste of resources, and the tonnage of the Penguin-class ship is there, and our army believes that this kind of small ship is not suitable for ocean-going operations. ”

"The only ship in the United Empire that can be adapted to the operation of ocean-going capital ships, or the only real ocean-going capital ship, is the Odessa class."

"Odessa-class large battleship: displacement 10,600 tons, length 132 meters, width 17.8 meters, average draft 6.2 meters, maximum draft 6.8 meters, design horsepower 12,200 horsepower, speed 16.5 knots, endurance 6,000 nautical miles / 10 knots, coal carrying capacity 1,800 tons. Caliber of the main gun: 320mm/L40 two, one front and one main gun. Secondary guns, 10 150mm, 6 57mm rapid-fire machine guns, arranged on both sides. ”

"According to reliable information, a total of 15 ships of this class are planned to be built, and only two are currently equipped. The remaining ships have not started construction or are in a state of suspension, for reasons unknown. ”

"The United Empire also heavily equipped bayonet-class fast cruisers as auxiliary ships for the fleet's decisive battle capital ships. The details of the ship are unknown. ”

In this way, the capital ships of the United Imperial Navy are only 22 in total, 20 Penguins, and 2 Odessa. Then look at the great Marnerocco Imperial Naval Fleet.

Marnerocco Imperial Navy Fleet: 12 Naru-type capital battleships, 12 Yanar-type ordinary battleships, 20 large cruisers and other newly-built ships. In addition, 21 large cruisers and 54 medium cruisers were equipped with old ships.

The data of each type of capital ship is as follows:

Naru-type capital battleship:

(Similar in appearance to the German Nassau class, with significant data changes)

Displacement: 14,800 tons (design) / 18,535 tons (maximum)

Dimensions: Length 166 m (full length) / Width 28.6 m / Draught 7.76 m

Power: 12 Sulzer-Sannikrovt boilers, three three-cylinder reciprocating steam engines, main engine power 22,000 horsepower, 3 shafts, 2 rudder parallel configurations

The maximum speed is 20 knots, and the cruising range is 9400 nautical miles / 10 knots; 2800 nautical miles / 19 knots

Main guns: 12 x 280mm/45x diameter Krupp SKL/45 guns, 6 twin turrets;

Secondary guns: 12 x 150mm/45x secondary guns, 12 x 120mm guns, anti-torpedo boats, all broadside single-mounted.

Others: 16 700 mm rocket launchers, divided into two sides of the hull.

Armor: main armor belt 100-200 mm; three armored decks of 25-30 mm each; turret 90-180 mm; Conning tower 300 mm.

Crew: 1,050 in peacetime, 1,350 in wartime (51 officers).

Normal battleships of the Yanar type:

Displacement: 11,370 tons (design) / 13,300 tons (maximum)

Size (m): 148.6x26.6x7.17 (draft)

Powerplant: 18 boilers, 2 Parsons steam turbines, maximum power 42,000 hp (79,000 hp with modifications);

Speed: maximum 20.8 knots, endurance: 4400 nautical miles at 14 knots, 3520 nautical miles at 18 knots

Main guns: 8 x 280mm/45x guns, 4 twin turrets

Secondary guns: 8 x 150mm/45x guns, 12 x 120mm guns, all single mounted on the broadside.

Others: 12 700 mm rocket launchers, divided into two sides of the hull.

Crew: 923 people, 41 officers.

New cruisers (Crown-class cruisers):

Displacement: standard displacement 4260 tons, full load displacement 5170 tons,

Dimensions: 118 meters in length, 18.5 meters in width, 5.5 meters in draft,

Power: Equipped with 12 boilers, 3 vertical three-stage expansion reciprocating steam engines, using double propeller propulsion, the output power of the main engine is 13,500 shaft horsepower

Speed: Maximum speed 23.5 knots.

Armor: 80-100 mm thick armor is installed in some important parts of the side side, the thickness of the deck is about 18 mm, and some positions are reinforced to 78 mm, the bow angle bulkhead is about 40 mm thick, and the conning tower is 100 mm around.

Main guns: 10 Krupp 40x diameter 120 mm rapid-fire naval guns, two bow and two stern, respectively on the two sides of the single gun mounts, protected by light gun shields, the other 6 guns are arranged on two gun mounts and protected by gun embows or shields.

Other auxiliary weapons: 20 mm mobile small-caliber guns and some machine guns as auxiliary fire, 6 700 mm rocket launchers, divided on both sides of the hull.

A rough reference to the above data shows that the main battleship of the Naru type alone is enough to destroy the entire United Imperial Navy.

The pride of politicians is always justified, but the side that declares war is definitely a hot-headed madman. The naval strength of the Marnerocco Empire is indeed stronger than that of the United Empire, but just like the United Empire's navy is divided into six fleets, the fleet of the Marnerocco Empire is also scattered and distributed in the vast colonies and the empire itself. As the defending side, if he did not have enough time to get the information in advance, his fleet would inevitably be scattered, and the concentrated United Empire fleet might not be able to defeat a certain detachment of the Marnerocco Empire. If the battle mode has always been the main fleet of the United Empire against the various detachments of the Marnerocco Empire, the final outcome is unpredictable......

Generally speaking, the Boss's naval strength is superior, but the naval fleet is scattered and deployed, which is a huge flaw. But this is not a big problem, this boss's army, that is the real flaw.

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Compared with the powerful navy, the army of the Marnerocco Empire is even more ahead of its time. Modular troops, this is a concept that was only proposed by the United States in the 80s! (In fact, when we filled in the ancient dynasties, the army of the Song Dynasty was this model)

The Imperial Army did not have a clear supreme commander, all corps commanders were appointed temporarily during wartime, and there were no permanent regional army commands.

The Army Command System of the Imperial Army consists of five departments: the Army General Staff, the Army General Headquarters, the Army Logistics Affairs Department, the Army Equipment Supply Department, and the Army Personnel Supply Department, which manage the needs of the armies in various localities. The Standing Army of the Imperial Army, with its huge armed force of 2.2 million personnel, is managed by these five departments. The heads of these departments are usually civilian and are frequently relocated.

What's even more shocking is the establishment. The battalion is the highest fixed strength of the country's army army. The battalion commander and above are the commanders, and this position is usually held by temporary personnel appointed by the government, who may be soldiers of a certain department, civilian officials who understand military affairs, or even local officials of the troops. Each commander has a few battalions and a dozen battalions or even twenty or thirty battalions, depending on the specific situation at that time.

The advantage of this is that the mobile and flexible allocation of troops can be combined with the situation of the battlefield to defeat the enemy so that he cannot find the north, and of course, it is very likely that the enemy will not be able to find the north.

The specific establishment of the Imperial Army of Marne-Rocco is as follows:

(It can only be the establishment of various modular battalions)

Infantry battalion

Each battalion has 550 people (including battalion commanders), with a battalion commander and a herald. It is divided into 4 companies, each with 122 people, with a company commander and a herald, each company is divided into 8 teams, each team has 15 people, 6 teams of rifles, and 2 teams of flat-fire rocket artillery. The battalion commander directly under the battalion headquarters heavy fire company has 60 people, 4 teams, equipped with 2 20mm Gatling machine guns and 2 200mm single-barrel heavy rocket launchers.

The battalion has a total of 38 teams, including 2 infantry rocket artillery teams, one per team, 4 flat-fire rocket artillery teams, two 80-mm single-barrel rocket launchers per team, 2 large-caliber Gatling machine guns, one per team, and 28 riflemen.

In wartime, each battalion has more than 240 dedicated logistics co-ordinators, carrying ammunition and other provisions. In addition to the specialization of logistics, in addition, it is worth mentioning his individual equipment. Each soldier has more than 2 grenades.

The rifle is set as: Berthier Mle92 rifle

The gun is a rifle with a 3-round metal magazine. The gun was adopted by the French Army in 1892, and soldiers were pleased with its short length, accuracy, and light weight, but not so much with its recoil.

Firing mode: manual, ammunition: 8x50mm, magazine: 3 rounds, accuracy: good, weight: 3.33 kg, length: 944.8mm (barrel length 453.4mm), muzzle velocity: 640m/s.

There are three types of army artillery battalions

Attack Companion Support Type:

12 150-mm infantry guns, 210 officers and men of the battalion, and logistics coordination personnel.

Stronghold Attack Type:

There were 16 120-mm howitzers, 270 officers and soldiers in the battalion, and logistics coordination personnel.

Rocket Artillery Battalion:

There are 36 single-barreled 200mm rocket launchers, 570 officers and men in the battalion, and logistics coordination personnel.

The Marne-Rocco Empire never valued cavalry. After the advent of the Gatling gun and its mass production, the empire gradually abolished all cavalry units.

The battalion was the largest fixed strength of the Marnerocco Imperial Army. Above the battalion commander, there are various types of commanders (also known as commanders).

In wartime or at the level of the commander of a battalion in the army station, there are commanders (commanders) who command various types of battalions, and this position is usually filled by temporary personnel appointed by the government, who may be soldiers of a certain department, or civilian officials who understand military affairs, or even simply local officials of the army station. The person in charge of the command will be changed every few years, but the location of the troops under his original jurisdiction will not be changed accordingly, so that "the army is impermanent and the commander is impermanent" and prevents the army from being privately owned by the generals. The central government has complete control over the military, especially the army.

Compared with the truly modern army of the Central Continent, this army of the Marnerocco Empire, the world's boss, does have many problems.

First, this army lacks experience in large-scale combat operations.

The seemingly formidable Imperial Army of Marne-Rocco is an armed force with a thousand-year-old history. At this time, the empire had experienced hundreds of years of peace, and the country rarely had major wars for hundreds of years, and the main function of the imperial army, as the main military force of the country, had become to maintain law and order, act as a miscellaneous servant, and occasionally suppress peasant uprisings or minority uprisings. For hundreds of years, this kind of task was only this kind of task, so that this army did not need to fight with large corps at all, and the military system simply adopted the town guard and garrison system, not only the troops were extremely scattered, but even the field army did not exist. The empire's army standing army has a huge size and 2.2 million personnel, but it has no tradition or experience in large establishments.

The second, and most serious problem, is the organizational structure of the upper echelons of this army. Taking battalions as the largest establishment of the standing army and engaging in a so-called modular army may seem like an advanced and fashionable model of military organization, but the consequences are extremely serious.

The basic strategic units of the countries of the Central Continent are divisions or armies, and the larger establishments than divisions are armies and group armies, and the front armies are composed of divisions after mobilization. However, the largest unit of the fixed establishment of the Imperial Army of Marnerocco was only a battalion! There is no larger establishment except for the battalion, and it is extremely different from the Central Continental Army. One of the few large-scale operations in the history of this army has generally been fought by battalions of varying numbers under the command of individual commanders. Combat operations are negotiated among the commanders on an equal footing, and there is no question of who commands whom.

This model is difficult to carry out large-scale corps operations. In the event of a large-scale war, tens of thousands of troops are dispatched, ranging from tens to hundreds of battalions. Such a huge number of troops can by no means be able to be counted by a single commander, and it is necessary to dispatch a dozen or even dozens of commanders to form a large army for joint operations. The commanders are not subordinate to each other, they cannot command other departments, and the dragons have no leader. Anyone who knows a little military knowledge knows that the situation on the battlefield is changing rapidly, and this system requires too much time to negotiate and coordinate new military operations. This will inevitably lead to a sharp drop in the actual combat effectiveness of the armed forces compared with the theoretical value.

In the later stages of the war, in large-scale operations, the country appointed a capable commander (officer) to concurrently serve as the commander-in-chief and command all the departments in a unified manner, but this temporary appointment of the commander-in-chief of the battlefield was inevitably an inexperienced commander-in-chief.

Third, this army is almost incapable of training senior commanders on the battlefield.

Later battles proved that there were almost no qualified generals in this army.

As we all know, the requirements for the commander of a battalion as a detachment and a division as a corps are very different. A battalion commander only needs to consider problems within a very narrow tactical scope, and the military activities within his authority can basically be completed in a very short time, probably with a single determination. What is really needed to command a large-scale battle is a general who can coordinate the overall situation. This general must have the perspective to control the entire battle situation in order to have the ability to command a large army of battles.

In the modern military system, there is at least one military hierarchical military organizational structure -- the regiment -- between the battalion commander and the senior general. The regimental level is an indispensable link in the training of senior commanders in the modern army. (The Sprinkler family vigorously opposes the military reform model of transforming divisions into brigades, and despises the brigade-level establishment reduced to a one-time unit.) In the history of warfare, the land kings, Tsarist Russia and Soviet Russia, almost all of the famous military commanders had the experience of serving as regimental commanders for a long time. Generalissimo Suvorov of Tsarist Russia served as the commander of the Astrakhan regiment and the Suzdal regiment for seven years, during which time he wrote the famous "Suzdal Regiment Order", which laid the foundation of his later military thinking. Marshal Vasilevsky of the former Soviet Union served in the regiment for more than a dozen years. It can be seen that it is not for nothing that Soviet military scholarship called the battalion and below the battalion a detachment, the division and above as a corps, and the regiment was called a unit independently. At that time, the concept of regiments did not exist at all in the command system of the Marne-Rocco Imperial Army!

Fourth, there is a serious shortage of officers in the grass-roots organizations of the armed forces, in other words, there is a serious shortage of command personnel at the grass-roots level.

The grass-roots establishment of the Marnerocco Imperial Army followed the ancient establishment of the Cold Weapon Era, with many soldiers and few officers. The continuation of this tradition directly led to a serious shortage of junior commanders in the Imperial Army of Marnerocco. A battalion of standard personnel has only 6 officers (one battalion commander, 4 company commanders, and one logistics officer), which is less than a quarter of the size of a modern army (about 30 people in an infantry battalion). There is no concept of a battalion headquarters in this army, a battalion commander does not have any auxiliary commanders, not even a deputy battalion officer, and as for the chief of staff or something, it does not exist. The platoon, the most important basic tactical unit in the modern army and the cradle of training grassroots commanders, cannot be found in this army. Even below is the team. The advantage of this is that in peacetime, when the troop level is small, it can be directly conveyed to individual soldiers with management, and the orders of the company commander; With fewer officers in the troops, the cost of raising soldiers is much less for the same number of combat soldiers. But there are no qualified commanders, this is just the accumulation of a large number of combat soldiers, what is the use of not being able to exert actual combat effectiveness? ?

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In addition to the Navy and Army, the boss also has a super powerful military department, the funding of this department is unlimited, and the personnel of this department are super high-quality. This department is the Imperial Academy of Military Sciences. All the toys of the Navy and the Army, and many civilian toys, were invented by them.

The Marnerocco Empire was the first country in the world to set up a specialized military scientific research institution among all the countries in the world at that time, and it was also the only country in that era to have such an institution. The Marne-Rocco Empire has just completed the first industrial revolution, and it actually understands the truth of cosmic warfare that "science and technology are the first combat power", no matter what, we must praise the powerful boss of this virtual world. In contrast, some old men who have been on the battlefield have died seven or eight times and still don't understand this truth, which can be described as old and stubborn, the older they get, the more stubborn they are, and they are stubborn when they die. In the era of this story, the decisive thing about victory or defeat was basically firepower, and there was no bayonet. The stubborn old man's "bayonet sees red" was outdated at that time, and that sentence should belong to the era of cold weapons.

But this Academy of Military Sciences, which was ahead of its time, was actually a talent, not only because the tactical concepts he put forward were too ahead of the times. Thanks to the presence of this institution, the country hardly carries out the introduction of military technology, everything is developed on its own. The Imperial Academy of Military Sciences has invested a huge amount of money and developed a lot of special equipment, but the vast majority of it is out of date. Compared with the research and development of technology in the actual combat of many countries in the central continent, and the manufacture of equipment according to the needs of the battlefield, the country's military scientific research route is completely a utopian model. Later on the battlefield, the realism style of actual combat equipment VS dreamer imaginary laboratory weapons, the victory or defeat was decided before the opening.

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With both the navy and the army plus the Academy of Sciences, the boss's army looks really strong. But in Julius Caesar's eyes, the empire's army was only a naval fleet to rely on. "The Marne-Rocco Empire just has a powerful navy, and its land is nothing compared to the Central Continent powers", "We may not be able to win a naval battle, but on the ground, our army will definitely be able to defeat the Marne-Rocco Empire," Caesar the Great thought, and all the generals of the United Empire of San Romain thought so.

If the boss at that time had not had these flaws, I am afraid that Caesar's war machine would not have come to the door. At that time, the United Empire, which was only an entry-level world-powerhouse, dared to fight with the world boss, and it was definitely certain that it would win. Many nations only appear to be strong, but in fact they are not so terrible, and later wars have proved that Julius Caesar did have a unique vision for choosing enemies.