To fully grasp the modern agricultural technology of the three-level cycle of fish and mulberry rice is not easy to solve by holding an on-site training meeting, because this is a dynamic process with a long time span and alternating sub-projects, and field demonstration can only be one part of the training. Pen? Interesting? Pavilion wWw. ｂiquge。 infoLiu Yong thought twice and felt that it would be the best way to issue an operation manual combined with on-site training. This is a bit difficult, because Liu Yong found that bamboo slips are used the most nowadays, and paper is rarely used. If it is a simple text, bamboo slips can also be used, but the problem is that Liu Yong also plans to add a lot of schematic diagrams, so he can only use paper.

Liu Yong has studied history and knows that before the advent of paper, people used simple slips, silk silk, heyi, hemp paper and other things to write. Each of these has its own advantages and disadvantages. The bamboo slips are made of sufficient raw materials and are simple to make, but unfortunately they are too bulky; The silk is light and easy to carry and preserve, but the process is complex and the price is too expensive, and ordinary people cannot afford to use it; Hewan is a by-product in the production process of silk, which is cheap but limited in production; Hemp paper has all the above advantages, but the texture is extremely coarse, and it can only be used to wrap traditional Chinese medicine. Later, Cai Lun used tree bark, waste hemp, rags, old fishing nets, etc. as raw materials to create a paper that is both light and easy to use, and people call it 'Cai Hou paper'. It is said that this kind of paper has been "indispensable" in China since then. It's strange that after 50 or 60 years, not many people use it?

Liu Yong asked Yu Pan for advice on this, but Yu Pan didn't know much about it, so Liu Yong set up a banquet to ask for advice from the master who had made paper before. When did these craftsmen receive this kind of courtesy, not to mention that Liu Yong was respectful and humble, a master at a time, so they were moved to tears one by one, and they couldn't wait to take out their hearts.

"Masters!" Liu Yong asked respectfully, "As far as I know, Cai Lun has been improving papermaking for many years, why do people still use bamboo slips instead of paper?" Is it because bamboo slips are much cheaper than paper? ”

The masters returned the salute again and again, but they didn't dare to say anything, and replied: "Childe, in fact, the price of bamboo slips is not cheaper than paper. ”

Liu Yong was stunned and said, "Really? ”

"Yes." A master bowed down and replied, "Making bamboo slips seems to be easier and faster, but in fact, it is far from like this. The man paused, and then said, "First you have to take the bamboo, break it from the joint, and then break the bamboo tube and cut it into pieces." These seem easy, but to make each piece of bamboo the same length and thickness is not enough, but no less than three or five years of hard work is not possible. Then it needs to be polished to remove the small thorns to make it smooth, and then put it on a charcoal stove to bake it to remove the moisture in it, which is called 'finishing'. In this way, the bamboo slips are not easy to deform and easy to write. At the same time, because the water is gone, the bamboo is simple and not easy to mildew and insects, so it can be stored for a long time. ”

Liu Yong nodded and sighed while listening, he couldn't imagine that there was so much knowledge and so many processes in ordinary bamboo slips, and asked: "Since bamboo slips are not cheap, why don't you just make paper to use them?" ”

"Childe, that's right." Another craftsman explained: "Childe doesn't know that although 'Caihou paper' is good, it also has drawbacks. First, the production period is too long, and it takes more than 100 days to soak the bark in the pond until it decays. Second, even if the raw materials are soaked, they must be taken out into the mortar and scooped into a muddy surface, which is another time-consuming and laborious work; Third, although Cai Hou paper is far better than hemp paper, it is still coarse, you see...... "The man took a piece of paper, and with a little force with both hands, the paper was torn in two," this kind of paper is very easy to be damaged, and it is easy to be eaten by sweat and insects, and it is not resistant to preservation, so precious classics and important letters are not written on paper. ”

"Childe, in the villain's opinion, although there are these shortcomings, but 'Caihou paper' is still far more than silk silk, bamboo slips and other things, and it is a matter of time before it is replaced." The man paused for a moment, and said with some sadness, "It's just that the world is in chaos, the people are not happy, and even the imperial capital Luoyang is not at peace, let alone other places." We, ordinary people, have no power or power, so we have to live one day at a time in fear, how can we spend a lot of time and energy on papermaking, so we can only make this kind of bamboo slips that are convenient to use and take a short time to manufacture. ”

Liu Yong was silent for a while, and he now understands that it's not that no one wants to use it, but that no one wants to make it. Because the papermaking cycle is too long and the society is not peaceful, no one is willing to do this time-consuming and labor-intensive work. Liu Yong asked: "I want to know how you used to make paper, can you tell me the process?" ”

"There's no secret at all, that's how we make it...... a few people looked at each other for a while, and one of them volunteered to stand up and explain the process of making paper.

Liu Yong nodded, and asked the others again, and everyone added some, but they were all the same. Liu Yong was silent for a moment and asked, "I know what your masters said." Why haven't you ever thought of using bamboo or tree trunks to make paper? The paper made in this way is certainly much stronger and more durable than the paper made from tree bark and grass. ”

Everyone couldn't help but be stunned, and discussed with each other in a low voice for a while, and someone replied, "Childe doesn't know." Bamboo and tree trunks are too hard to soak and rot. Moreover, the fibers are dense and strong, and it is also difficult to rot. Although his words were polite, insiders could hear that this was a hint that Liu Yong didn't understand but spoke indiscriminately.

Liu Yong nodded and said: "I know a way to shorten the construction period, and the paper made is white and durable, and it is not easy to be eaten by insects." ”

Seeing that most of the faces of everyone present showed suspicion, Liu Yong smiled slightly and said, "Let me reveal a little bit of the mystery first." An old and serious craftsman stood up and arched his hand: "Childe, if that's the case, these skills are too precious, and they must be secrets that are not passed on, so Childe won't talk about it and listen to us." ”

Liu Yong nodded approvingly, and said, "Thank you for this old gentleman's concern." But what I'm talking about is out of the way. First, how can I reduce the soaking time? Quite simply, add quicklime to the water. As we all know, lime water is very corrosive, so it can easily soak trees, bamboo, etc. into flocculents. Another example is the problem of manpower, we can build a water mill and use water power to scoop without a trace of manual ......."

In the end, Liu Yong said: "Everyone believes what I say." Everyone has already seen Liu Yong's magic in other fields, and now that they have heard this explanation, they still have a trace of doubt, and they all applauded.

Liu Yong smiled: "Are there any of you who are willing to set up this papermaking workshop with Liu Yong?" "This papermaking is clearly a lucrative industry, so when everyone hears it, they are very excited, and they even say they are willing.

Liu Yong said: "You also know that you will temporarily leave Fuyi in the near future, so there are several key technologies in papermaking that I can only ask a few of them." For example, how to improve the efficiency of papermaking, such as how to prevent moths, and how to make paper white. I'll start with this, I'll leave this to a few loyal and steady people, and in addition, I will have to sign a non-disclosure agreement. You've probably heard of all of this. Everyone nodded. Liu Yong then said: "One more point. This papermaking is divided into two parts, one is the workshop, which is only responsible for papermaking; The other piece is marketing, which is only responsible for selling paper, and the two do not cross, understand? ”

Everyone understands Liu Yong's idea, those who understand technology do not participate in management, and those who manage business do not know manufacturing, which can restrain each other and reduce the risk of someone starting a new stove, so they all nodded yes, and some people are even looking forward to the scene of this papermaking technology and financial resources rolling in. Everyone knows that Liu Yong is a money fan, and he will definitely not let go of this opportunity to make a lot of money.

Liu Yong shook his head and said: "I hope that the world will use paper, that is the blessing of all people." ”

"Isn't Childe going to make money?"

"Earn! Of course you have to earn! Liu Yong said with a smile, "However, compared with the huge profits of porcelain and winemaking, the paper we make only seeks small profits, so that ordinary people can afford to use it." ”

Liu Yong's papermaking skills were learned from the science and education channel, which is indeed very simple compared to modern papermaking factories, but it is more than one or two grades higher than the technology of the Han Dynasty. First, people cut the cut bamboo and wood pieces into small pieces, soak them in a lime pond for two months, and then add bark, hemp and other plant materials to mash together to disperse the fibers, and then steam them into pulp. After the pulp cools, the pulp is scooped up by using a flat bamboo curtain to filter the water and become a paper film. This step requires a very skillful skill, so that the paper film can be of moderate thickness and evenly distributed. The paper film is folded one by one, pressed with a wooden board, a heavy stone is placed on it, the water is pressed out, and finally the paper film that is pressed semi-dry is pasted on the edge of the stove to dry, and it becomes a piece of paper when it is removed. The key link in this is mashing, which used to rely on manpower or animal power, with high cost and low efficiency, which is also a very important reason why papermaking technology cannot be developed. Fortunately, there are many streams in Fuyi County, and the water energy is abundant, Liu Yong has built several water mills and hydraulic stone mortars because of the situation, and there is almost no need for people to take care of them, just add materials and take materials, so that the confetti is fine and uniform. In the soaking process, lime soaking and strong fire cooking are added, which shortens the time of the whole process; In terms of production process, the movable curtain bed paper mold was invented, which can repeatedly fish out thousands of pieces of wet paper and improve the work efficiency; In terms of preservation, yellow tiller juice is added to the paper to prevent insects and moths, and the preservation time is extended. In addition, according to the different raw materials, it is subdivided into ordinary straw paper and high-grade wood pulp paper; Fumigation with sulfur can make high-grade paper as white as jade; A variety of natural pigments are added, and a variety of colored papers are developed, which are divided into different grades to meet different needs. Sure enough, once this paper was put on the market, it was widely popular because of its moderate price, convenience and ease of use, and was called "Fuyi paper".

But Liu Yong couldn't wait. He re-soaked the existing straw paper and hemp paper into pulp, then added gum, and finally whitened it, first creating a batch of white and thick paper. On the basis of papermaking, the introduction of engraving printing is a trend. Draw a pattern on a blank piece of paper, then turn it over and stick it on a wooden board, using a knife to carve grooves along the strips. Then the wooden board is coated with ink, and a new piece of paper is covered, and a simple drawing is formed by pressing it with a roller. According to this method, the first illustrated three-dimensional breeding instruction manual in Chinese history was compiled and printed.