In 1601, the four banner masters: the yellow flag: the flag lord wild boar skin

Positive white flag: Chu Ying, the eldest son of the flag owner of wild boar skin

Zhenghongqi: the second son of the flag owner wild boar skin

Positive Blue Flag: Wild Boar Skin Brother Shulhachi

In 1615, it was expanded to Eight Banners:

Yellow flag: Yellow flag inlaid with wild boar skin of the flag owner: wild boar skin of the flag owner

Positive white flag: the flag owner wild boar skin eighth prince emperor Taiji

Inlaid with white flags: the flag owner of the wild boar skin twelve sons Azig

Positive, inlaid with red flags: the second son of the flag owner wild boar skin

Blue Flag: The flag owner's wild boar skin nephew Amin

Inlaid with blue flag: the fifth son of the flag owner wild boar skin, Mang Gurtai

The owner of the Eight Banners before the death of the wild boar skin was roughly like this

Zheng Huang (45 Niu Lu) and inlaid yellow (20 Niu Lu): wild boar skin

Zhengbai Flag (25 Niu Lu): Huang Taiji

Inlaid with white flags (15 Niu Lu): Du Du, the son of Chu Ying

Zhenghongqi (25 Niu Lu): Dai Shan

inlaid with red flags (26 bulls); Daishan's eldest son, Yue Tuo

Zhenglan Banner (21 Niu Lu): Mang Gurtai

Blue Flag (33 Bulls): Amin

Every 300 people make a cattle record, and each cow records a cow record a cow record (Zuo Ling); There are two Daizi, four Zhangjing, and four Bashiku, and each Niulu forms four Tatans, that is, villages, which are managed by one Zhangjing and one Shiku. Pen & Fun & Pavilion www.biquge.info every five cattle record a Jiala Ezhen (Leader); every five Jiala form a solid mountain (flag), set up a solid mountain Ezhen one, Meler Ezhen two people, Gushan Ezhen is also called the flag master. There were 7,500 men per Gushan, and at this time, the establishment of the Manchurian army was basically formed. According to their status, they are divided into three types: Ahha, Armored People, and Qiding. Aha is a slave, mostly Han Chinese and Koreans; The armor people are descendants, with different nationalities, and their status is higher than that of Ahha; Qiding is a Jurchen.

The Protector Army (Manchu Bayara, transliterated Swing Tooth La), divided into white armor guards (White Swing Tooth La), red armor guards (Red Swing Tooth La), for the elite of the Eight Banners Army, generally followed by Khan, Baylor and other great nobles during the battle, and the imperial soldiers should be the Hou Jin Khan personally accompanying the guards. Later, it was further subdivided, in addition to the personal escorts of Khan and Baylor, other guards were formed into guard battalions with banners as units, and Baylor was generally the commander.

In the third or fourth year of Tiancong, the battalion soldiers are often referred to as a soldier (Manchu uksin, transliterated Uksin, also known as a soldier and a soldier), which roughly includes two kinds of soldiers, who wear heavy armor and light armor, and the commander is generally Gushan Ezhen. In the usual sense, the armoured soldiers consisted of two parts: the guards and the marching soldiers.

The unarmored soldiers are often referred to as infantry, and they are the strong men who participate in the war as free people, and the unarmored soldiers do not mean that they have no armor and weapons, but that they are not armored soldiers, and they participate in the war mostly on the principle of voluntariness, and the Manchurians at this time often take "grabbing the west" as their life goal, and have a strong desire to fight and plunder. At the same time, it is both an obligation and a right to record a certain number of armor per cow, that is, Houjin basically distributes the looting income according to the number of armor recorded per cow, not that if you want to be armor, you will definitely be able to become armor.

When an unarmored soldier fights, he is not rewarded as well as an armored soldier. Pawn (Manchu kutule, transliterated Kutule, also known as servant, follower), that is, the auxiliary soldiers served by slaves, generals and guards have more soldiers, but not all the soldiers in the camp have soldiers, and there are basically no soldiers without armor to follow. But overall, the ratio of pawns to armoured soldiers should be 1:1.

Han Eight Banners:

Qing Taizu wild boar skin organized the surrendered Han people into sixteen auxiliary leaders, which were subordinate to the Eight Banners of Manchuria. In the fourth year of Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty (1631), Huang Taiji balanced the military power of the Eight Banners Lord Zhubeile.

The Han people are proficient in firearms, and the Han people are set aside to set aside an army, named "Wuzhen Chaoha" ("Wuzhen", the meaning of "heavy" in Chinese, "Chaoha", the meaning of "soldier" or "army" in Chinese), and Tong Yangxing is Ang Bang Zhangjing (general manager).

Ten years is divided into two banners, Shi Tingzhu is the left wing of the flag Gushan Ezhen (see Dutong), Ma Guangyuan is the right wing of the flag Gushan Ezhen.

Twelve years is divided into four banners, Shi Tingzhu, Ma Guangyuan, Wang Shixuan, Bayan for the solid mountain Ezhen.

In the fifteenth year, it was added to the Eight Banners, with Zu Zerun, Liu Zhiyuan, Wu Shoujin, Jin Li, Tong Tulai, Shi Tingzhu, Bayan, and Li Guohan as the Gushan Ezhen, with a total of 129 assistant leaders and 24,500 people.

After entering the customs, due to the drastic changes in the situation, the newly surrendered and reorganized Han officers and soldiers were successively recruited, and the number of soldiers was 270 and 20,000. The establishment has more than doubled, but the number of troops is less than when it was first established.

There are many officers and few soldiers, which reflects the policy of encircling the Han and demoting officials. After the middle of the Kangxi Dynasty, in order to strengthen its control, the vacancies of staff above the level of participation were supplemented by the Eight Banners of Manchuria and the Eight Banners of Mongolia.

Mengbaqi:

In the forty-second year of Wanli (1615 AD), after the wild boar skin formally established the Eight Banners system, after 20 years of development, there were many Mongolian soldiers in the Eight Banners.

They were first incorporated into the "Mongolian Cattle Record", and later became known as the Mongolian Left Battalion and the Right Battalion. After Huang Taiji ascended the throne,

In order to make full use of the armed forces of the Mongols, it was decided to separate the Mongolian soldiers from the Eight Banners of Manchuria and establish the "Eight Banners of Mongolia". In the ninth year of Tiancong of Taizong of the Qing Dynasty (1635 AD),

Huang Taiji compiled a total of 16,953 people from the inner and outer Karaqin Zhuang Ding, from which 7,830 people were selected, based on this, combined with the original two battalions of Mongolian soldiers, and compiled into 8 flags, namely Mongolian yellow, yellow, white, white, red, red, blue, and blue.

Huang Taiji appointed Adai, Talai, Ngetu, Buyandai, Yibai, Suna, Wulai, and Hushibu as Gushan Ezhen (flag chief) respectively.

The political status of the Eight Banners Mongolia is basically the same as that of the Eight Banners of Manchuria, and its organizational form and internal institutions are also basically the same as those of the Eight Banners of Manchuria.

It's just that the rated quantity of Jiala and Niulu is less. It is stipulated that there are two horns under each banner, and the number of cattle under each horn varies. from now on

This army, with the Karaqin Mongols as the main body, became one of the directly governed armies relied on by the Qing Dynasty.

It has made great contributions to the entry of the Qing Dynasty. Subsequently, it was stationed in the capital and all parts of the country along with the Eight Banners of Manchuria and the Eight Banners of the Han Army.

One of the three components of the Eight Banners of the Qing Dynasty. Also known as Eight Banners Mongolia (non-nomadic Eight Banners).

Together with the Eight Banners of Manchuria and the Eight Banners of the Han Army, it forms the whole of the Eight Banners Army, and all of them are organized by military registration.

It is divided into yellow, white, red, blue, yellow, white, red and blue.

The Eight Banners of Mongolia arose before the alliance flag system, and unlike the alliance flag system, they were directly under the Qing court.

The Nomadic Eight Banners (e.g., Chahar) and Zasak Banners (belonging to the alliance flag system) are local administrative bodies that integrate the military and the government.

It is under the jurisdiction of the Imperial Court. Long before the emergence of the alliance flag system, the Mongols who were annexed and captured by the Manchurian rulers were compiled into the Mongolian Cattle Record and included in the Eight Banners of Manchuria.

In the sixth year of the Qing Dynasty (1621 AD), Taiji Gurbush of the Fifth Department of Inner Khalkha, Manggul led 600 households to throw wild boar skins. The wild boar skin ordered it to govern Manchuria and Mongolia Niulu (equivalent to the leader) of each one. As the Later Jin continued to grow stronger, the number of Mongols who came to join them increased day by day.

By the ninth year of the Mandate of Heaven (1624 AD), it was expanded to 5 Mongolian cattle records. In the first year of Tiancong (1627 AD), it was expanded into 2 Mongolian banners.

In the ninth year of Tiancong (1635 AD), the original Mongolian Niulu and the newly attached Mongolian tribes were unified and organized to establish the Mongolian Eight Banners, which were completely consistent with the Eight Banners of Manchuria.

After the Qing army entered the customs, the Eight Banners of Mongolia were divided into Eight Banners Mongolia stationed in Beijing and Eight Banners Mongolia stationed in Defense.

(It's too late to update today, some of the information about the Eight Flags found by the PTZ, although they haven't been done yet, everyone who is interested can watch and play.) ）

< ahref=http://www.qidian.com> Starting Point Chinese www.qidian.com welcome book friends to come and read, the latest, fastest and most popular serialized works are all original at Starting Point! < /a> < a> For mobile phone users, please read it on m.qidian.com. < /a>