It is generally accepted that 1 September 1939 was the date of the beginning of the Second World War. www.biquge.info On this day, the German army invaded Poland.

The reason for this division is that two days later, Britain and France declared war on Germany. World War I and World War II were divided from the perspective of Europeans, and they were also terms proposed by Westerners. Naturally, they would not have considered the major event of the Japanese invasion of China.

The German invasion of Poland, and one more participant, was the Soviet Union. Before the invasion of Poland, the Soviet Union was still engaged in a war on the border with Japan.

Although this battle was said by later generations of Outer Mongolians to be a great battle to sing and cry about, for the Soviet Union, it was a battle that should be ended as soon as possible, because the Soviet Union's eyes were firmly fixed on Europe.

The armistice on the battlefield of Nomenkan is related to a treaty, and it is necessary to say about it

Time to go back, August 23, 1939.

On this day, the Soviet Union and Germany signed an agreement in Moscow: the Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact (also known as the Soviet-German Pact, Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, Hitler-Stalin Pact).

A secret agreement between the USSR and Nazi Germany in Moscow. The Soviet side was represented by Molotov, and the German side was represented by Ribbentrop. The treaty divided the Soviet-German spheres of influence in Eastern Europe.

What was the task of world leaders during World War II? That is to sign the agreement, tear up the agreement, sign it again, tear it up again. World War II began with an agreement that was doomed to be torn apart.

This treaty has a deep background.

From April to August 1939, Britain, France, and the Soviet Union held military-political negotiations in Moscow. The Soviet Union wanted to conclude a treaty valid for 5 to 10 years, as well as to guarantee the security of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Britain and France agreed to Germany's freedom of movement in Eastern and Central and Southern Europe.

The negotiations were inconclusive.

During this period, Hitler repeatedly told the Soviet Union that Germany had no intention of invading the Soviet Union and hoped to improve relations with the Soviet Union. For the simple reason that Hitler had decided to invade Poland, he did not like the negotiations between Britain, France and the Soviet Union.

At the same time, Germany and Japan formed an alliance, and the Soviet Union was in danger of being attacked by the enemy.

If the Soviet Union and Britain and France could not negotiate, they naturally had to make contact with Germany, and both sides were interested and hit it off. At noon on 23 August, the German delegation arrived in Moscow. After two talks, Stalin, Molotov and Ribbentrop formally signed the Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact that night.

The treaty is valid for 10 years.

There was also a secret annex to this treaty, which divided the spheres of influence of the two countries in Eastern and Central Europe, that is, the fate of Poland and other countries was determined in this treaty.

Germany was relieved, and on September 1 the Germans invaded Poland, and soon after, Poland was divided between Germany and the Soviet Union.

Germany's motive is well understood, which is to gain a vested interest in Eastern Europe and stabilize the Soviet Union. In this way, Germany can handle Western Europe with confidence.

This explains the Soviet motives for signing the agreement. The Soviet Union settled relations with Western Europe and gained time; Territories were gained in Eastern Europe and were fully occupied.

In this way, the USSR could handle Northern Europe with confidence.

Originally, Germany and Japan had a treaty, and if either side signed a contract with the Soviet Union, it had to obtain the consent of the other side. Now, Germany has signed the treaty without Japan's consent.

It is said that Ribbentrop called the Japanese ambassador to the Soviet Union only after signing the contract. The Japanese ambassador was in a hurry, but Ribbentrop did not explain at all and hung up.

With the non-aggression pact between the Soviet Union and Germany, it would be impossible for Japan and Germany to attack the Soviet Union.

And Japan suffered another defeat at Nomenkan. What to do?

Japan is in an awkward strategic dilemma. The temporary peace between Germany and the Soviet Union, or their temporary peace for the sake of profit, meant that the Soviet Union did not have to defend against Germany in the event of a war with Japan.

In this way, Japan did not win a quick victory against China on the one hand, but fell into a stalemate, and on the other hand, it had to deal with the Soviet Union with all its might, and it did not have the strength to deal with a Soviet Union with all its might.

Only do not enter the army.

Let's negotiate.

Negotiations are the opinion of the Japanese stronghold. The base camp has a holistic view. This is the vision and deeds of politicians.

So, the base camp sent someone to Xinjing to talk about this matter.

On August 30, 1939, Deputy Chief of Staff Nakajima from the Tokyo base camp came to Shenyang and conveyed an order to the Kwantung Army: "On the Nomenkan side, the battle should not be expanded, and we should try to end it immediately." "The Kwantung Army is insufficient, and it should be based on long-term hold." "Attack with all your strength with four divisions, and then move to the winter defense."

After the treaty was signed, war broke out in Europe. On September 1, 1939, Germany invaded Poland. On September 18, the Soviet and German armies met at Brest-Litovsk, and the German and Soviet armies divided Poland along the line of the Pisa-Narev-Vistula-San River.

Again, the attitude of the base camp has changed to cautious. When Nakajima came to the Kwantung Army again, he was completely opposed to the original attack plan.

Lieutenant General Ueda, commander of the Kwantung Army, asked Tokyo to allow at least one "attack to contain the bodies of the dead soldiers, or else I will be dismissed." ”

The headquarters accepted the resignation and dismissed the commander of the Kwantung Army, Army General Kenkichi Ueda, and the chief of staff, Army Lieutenant General Ryosuke Isoya. Within a month, he was dismissed one after another from his posts as Lieutenant General Nakajima Tetsuzo, deputy chief of the General Staff Headquarters, Lieutenant General Hashimoto Gun, chief of operations of the General Staff Headquarters, chief of operations of the Kwantung Army Headquarters, and all operational staff officers.

The removal of high-ranking generals of the Kwantung Army and even ordinary officers of the command headquarters from their posts is a measure that the base camp has been thinking about for a long time. This involved some high-level struggles in Japan. The struggle between the southerners and the northerners.

On September 3, 1939, the Japanese base camp completely rejected the Kwantung Army's plan to mobilize troops to relaunch the offensive and began to clean up the situation through diplomatic channels.

Hailar learned the news that day. Because the command at the front was ineffective, they had to try to get the news to the wing commander to release it. Some wings received it and were unwilling to carry it out, and some received it and were willing to carry it out.

At that time, the Soviet-Mongolian army and the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army were very tightly encircled, and they were determined to cripple the Japanese troops on the front line. Because no agreement has been signed yet, there will be no fire for the time being.

On September 9, 1939, the Japanese ambassador to the Soviet Union, Shigetoku Togo, negotiated an armistice with the Soviet diplomatic authorities.

On September 16, 1939, the Soviet-Japanese Armistice Agreement was signed. The main contents were: the Japanese-Manchurian and Soviet-Mongolian armies ceased all military operations at 2 a.m. (Moscow time) on September 16; Both forces stopped at the Line of Control at 1 p.m. on 15 September. The parties agreed to exchange prisoners of war and set up a commission to demarcate the border between Mongolia and Manchuria in the Khalkhin region.

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1, the original text of the Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact

1. The Contracting Parties undertake not to use force, aggression or aggression against one another, either alone or in association with other States.

2. In the event of a war between one of the Contracting Parties and a third State, the other High Contracting Party shall not give any support to the third State.

3. The Contracting Parties shall in no way participate in any group of States which, directly or indirectly, opposes another State Party.

4. The Parties shall settle all disputes between the High Contracting Parties by peaceful means.

5. The treaty is valid for 10 years.

In addition to the non-aggression pact, the Soviets and Germans signed a secret additional agreement, which stated:

1. In the event of territorial and political changes in the regions belonging to the Baltic States (Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania), the northern borders of Lithuania will become the limits of the spheres of influence of Germany and the Soviet Union. In this regard, the parties recognize the interests of Lithuania in the Vilno region.

2. In the event of territorial and political changes in Poland, the Soviets and Germans will be roughly divided by the Narev, Vistula and San rivers. Whether it was in the interests of both sides to maintain the independence of Poland and how to demarcate the border could be determined only in the course of further political developments.

3. On the part of South-Eastern Europe, the USSR was concerned about the interests of Bessarabia in Romania, and Germany declared that it had no political interest in the region at all.

4. The parties will treat this agreement as a top secret document.