With Lin Jun's departure, the command of the "Red Whirlwind" was taken over by the Supreme High Command, but the actual commander of the front was set as Zhukov. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 info This was a relatively awkward decision, because the commander of the reserve front was Marshal Budyonny - but the "cavalry marshal" did not seem to be dissatisfied with being restrained by a general, and he knew in his heart that if it were not for Lin Jun's indirect support, he would not even be able to command the reserve front.

Sometimes details determine success or failure in war, Lin Jun's playing with a small rifle bullet is a small detail that cannot be smaller, but Gusev's keen thinking sensed a hint of strangeness: the deputy commander is not a boring person who plays with guns and bullets.

It was a German-made bullet, and Gusev could tell it at a glance.

A few days ago, the defenders of Stolbutch sent some of the captured German imitation weapons and ammunition to Minsk, when Lin Jun just briefly looked at the German-made assault rifle and did not make much comment.

However, he took a box of German-made 7.62×39mm rifle cartridges.

A report has long been sent to the Ministry of Armament, as the deputy commander, the important thing is that he served as the first deputy political commissar of the Red Army Equipment Department responsible for the production of new military equipment, and a German-made rifle cartridge made Lin Jun aware of a lot of things.

Which kind of military ammunition products are the most consumed in war - guns and bullets!

The consumption of guns and ammunition is an astronomical amount in a small war, not to mention the amount of guns and ammunition that needs to be consumed in a war of this level in the Great Patriotic War!

Most of the German bullets that Lin Jun saw before were brass cartridge casings, and only a very small number of Mauser rifle cartridge cartridges were made of copper washing process, which was obviously a countermeasure to save Germany's scarce copper resources in the war, and it was a product that had just been distributed to German troops this year.

For the 7.62×39mm rifle cartridge, Lin Jun is familiar with it, he not only violated the rules in his "previous life", but also had a lot of live ammunition with copper-clad steel process cartridges in the drawer at home, as well as a few Soviet-made rifle cartridges of this model.

Those few rounds were genuine Soviet-made bullets, and they were souvenirs of the ammunition captured by Lin Jun's father in the self-defense and counter-attack war against Vietnam -- for Soviet-made bullets, Lin Jun's father did not seem to have a high evaluation -- no power!

Everyone knows that there are three sources of ammunition used in the AK47 and AKM assault rifles in the Vietnamese army: China-backed during the Vietnam War (more than 1.2 billion rounds of ammunition alone!). ), supplied by the USSR and homegrown.

Lin Jun's father and his comrades-in-arms called the Soviet-made bullets he captured "green" because their shells were made of painted steel shells, which were very different from the bullets they had issued, not to mention the Russian letter markings on the bottom of the bullets. There are a lot of bamboos growing in Vietnam, and they are super hard. Lin Jun's father and his comrades-in-arms used Soviet-made bullets for shooting tests in their leisure time -- at a distance of 100 meters, many "green skins" could not completely penetrate large bamboos, while Chinese-made bullets could easily and completely penetrate two layers of fiber walls.

The reason for this is that Lin Jun's father and his comrades-in-arms don't understand, and they don't have the heart and effort to understand, but this also leads to a phenomenon: when the ammunition supply is sufficient, they never use the captured "green skin" to fight, although the "green skin" can be used on the Type 56 submachine gun in their hands.

And this time, the bullet that Lin Jun was playing with was a painted steel bullet case!

A few years ago, Lin Jun's several large stacks of drawings were like a whirlwind, changing the equipment and production system of the basic weapons of the Soviet infantry, but at that time, a concern in Lin Jun's consciousness has now partially manifested - a large part of the ammunition consumed in the war comes from the hoarding and inventory in peacetime, and the main equipment of the original Red Army infantry is basically a single-shot Mosin-Nagan, and the stage of semi-automatic rifles has been skipped all at once, and the firepower of the front-line infantry units is a lot fiercer, but the ammunition consumption has also increased dramatically!

How many factories in the USSR would this be producing 7.62×39mm rifle cartridge cases? Gu Linjun knows that there are more than 80, and the gun and ammunition "final assembly" factories are about one-third of this number, but both of these numbers are constantly increasing, and the system of separate production is also being replaced by a one-stop consortium, because the consumption of the front line forces the equipment department to continue to expand production.

So far, the raw material used in the more than 80 shell factories is basically brass, as in most of the world's shell factories - for the production of bullet shells, the good ductility of brass and its technological characteristics are very important.

However, it is clear that the Germans were thinking ahead of the Soviet Union - they were presumably forced, and the German metal resources for the production of brass were not very sufficient. And what about the USSR? Although the reserves of copper, zinc and other mineral deposits are in the forefront of the world, the mineral deposits cannot be dug up and used!

Not counting the smaller copper mines, there are three large copper mines in the Soviet Union that can reach the world: Udokan in Chita Oblast; Norilsk-Tarnakh in the northwestern part of Krasnoyarsk Krai in the eastern part of the Soviet Union in the Arctic Circle and east of the lower Yenisei River; The giant copper mine in Koonrad, Kazakhstan.

Although it cannot be compared with Chile, the USSR has no shortage of copper, and there is a lot of production every year, but now it is still in short supply!

The cartridge case is the most complex part of the bullet, used to load the ******, and connect the bullet to the primer together, and when fired, it also bears the pressure of gunpowder gas and the force of the gun automaton.

Lin Jun knew that the Red Army's gun and ammunition consumption had reached an astronomical amount, that is, the logistics department was working overtime to produce, and the front-line troops still had to issue an order to "save ammunition".

Gun cartridge casings are not like artillery shell cartridge casings, and there are cases in which the Red Army were recovered during operations, but they are not common. Copper resources are used everywhere, and the gun and ammunition production sector is already facing the problem of insufficient copper and zinc rationing.

In fact, there is no need for Lin Jun to think about it, the comrades in logistics and various factories have already thought of this problem after the start of the war, and Lin Jun, who is still on the plane, will actually breathe a sigh of relief when he arrives in Moscow -- comrades have adapted measures to local conditions, some factories are already using copper-clad steel plates to make bullet shells, and some factories are using painted steel shell technology, but this will not have time to be sent to the front-line troops.

Changing from brass to copper-clad steel or painted steel to make bullet shells is of great strategic significance for war, which not only saves costs, but also helps to avoid the risk of "fighting" and not being able to supply copper resources in wartime.

In peacetime, the number of factories that produced guns and ammunition was not as large as it is today, and many factories were temporarily requisitioned and transferred to production; The territory of the Soviet Union was incomparably huge, and the mobilization of resources in various regions during the war was obviously greatly affected by regional factors and transportation, which led to different military factories in different places to think of different ways to speed and save resources.

Factories that can guarantee the supply of brass still continue to produce brass cartridge shells, like several gun and ammunition factories in Kazakhstan, where the supply target can be delivered on time, and the copper clad process or some steel plates are not as good as brass for the overall strategy.

In factories that are too far away from the brass production and smelting production base, it is better to simply "force up" the development of painted steel bullet shells than to wait for brass plates that cannot be delivered regularly and the quantity cannot be guaranteed.

In areas where there is a certain foundation in chemical industry and electroplating, engineers and technicians are engaged in copper pouring or copper gilding -- giving full play to the wisdom of comrades, adapting measures to local conditions, and doing everything for the front!

、、、、、、

Izhevsk, capital of the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, "Red October" shell manufacturing plant.

The No. 1 inspection workshop, there are 12 rows of long inspection tables in the huge workshop, each row of inspection tables is nearly 80 meters long, and there is an inspector working every meter or more, adding up to a total of 600 inspectors working intensively here!

There are 4 such inspection workshops in the shell manufacturing plant! Nearly 6,000 workers combined!

At first glance, all the inspectors are women, and the work is carried out on a rolling 24-hour basis. Comrades have almost no days off, unless they are sick and take leave or have some urgent business, everyone will work, and the working hours have increased from eight hours in the past to more than 10 hours now!

The factory has already expanded its production twice, and the number of skilled workers is insufficient, so it can only increase the working hours of the comrades.

Many men went to the front, and women comrades in Izhevsk and nearby villages accepted the party's call to leave their families and go to the arsenal from some of the posts they could leave to produce weapons and ammunition to fight fascism!

Comrades without a single complaint, all for the front! All for the sake of victory!! All for the sake of the Soviet Fatherland!!

The old workers taught the newcomers how to get acquainted with the work at hand, and soon they became the main force of production! It doesn't matter if you don't have skilled skills and no culture, work will make a most modest rural housewife quickly become a skilled technician.

Izhevsk originally had a population of almost 400,000 people, but this will be on the streets, only a very small number of pedestrians can be seen, and those who can work are working selflessly, and the dozen or so production complexes to which the Izhevsk Light Weapons Arsenal belongs are the busiest places in the city.

The shell inspection workshop is arguably the least skilled place - all you need is a pair of keen eyes, a conscientious and responsible attitude, and a quick hand and foot, as long as you have these things, you can become an honorable laborer here.

In this workshop, there were very few girls, but there were quite a few older aunts -- young people had gone to study technology to become "real" skilled workers, and the aunts had taken on the heavy task of inspecting bullet casings, and for this reason the leading department of the arsenal even managed to get a large number of reading glasses and provide them to the women comrades.

The comrades used carts and wooden frames to divide the mountains of shells to be inspected into large compartments on the operating tables, and the inspectors quickly inspected the shells one by one, putting most of the qualified shells into the wooden basket on the right hand, and throwing a very small amount of unqualified products into the basket on the left hand and foot.

Workers use carts to take away the tested cart casings, and everything is running in an orderly and efficient manner.

Last week, the women comrades in workshop No. 1 were trained in different shifts, because next inspection workshop No. 1 was about to test a new product: a newly prototyped painted steel shell.

Five days ago, two rows of test benches were converted to steel shells, and today they have been expanded to six rows. According to the comrade of the workshop director, soon the entire workshop No. 1 will be completely changed to the inspection of new shells, and the original brass shells will no longer appear.

Workshop 1 is a testing site, and the two new inspection halls that will be completed will also inspect new products, while several other old workshops will continue to inspect brass shells for some time.

It was snowing outside the workshop, and the gloomy sky made the light coming into the workshop almost negligible. Everyone has a light in front of the workbench, but that's it, people still feel a little dark when they stand in the workshop, only the workbench is bright.

It was a bit cold in the workshop, and the heat from the hundreds of light bulbs was almost negligible. The shift has just changed, but there are many comrades from the previous shift who are still sitting at the temporary work point on the edge of the workshop and working overtime, and they are all comrades who have taken the initiative to stay and work for a while.

On the walls of the workshop there are several rows of large and eye-catching slogans - "Work hard for victory!" ”

"All for the Soviets!"

"To ensure quality is to protect the lives of the soldiers!" ……

Several inspectors who were approaching the entrance of the workshop, in a makeshift post consisting of several small stools, saw the head of the workshop, Fedorov, enter, accompanied by a young Red Army officer whose identification on his uniform indicated that he was an engineering service lieutenant.

The second lieutenant is very young, only 22 years old, and the technicians have already seen him several times in the past few days, "Hello, Comrade Director, Comrade Kalashnikov. ”

"Hello everyone."

The comrades who took the initiative to work overtime greeted them, because they were working overtime, and if they were on those rows of inspection tables, no one would have been distracted to greet them unless the leaders asked by their side.

This time, according to the assignment of his superiors, Kalashnikov went to the Shell Factory as a special technician of the Arsenal to guide and supervise the Shell Factory for two weeks, and then returned to the Technical Department of the Arsenal in another week.

The vicissitudes of these years are like a fictional story with a bit of a dream to the young Ensign Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov.

That year, he was in the town of Kulia in his hometown of Altai, and was taken away by several comrades of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in a daze, which even caused a small wave in the place where he used to work in his hometown.

Gave himself a set of Red Army uniforms, and went to the Izhevsk Arsenal to learn gunsmithing technology. The apprenticeship was soon over, and he was taught by the most skilled master in the factory - the master said that he was a genius in machining, and he would be the best mechanic in the factory in the future.

Becoming a mechanic in the arsenal made Kalashnikov very proud at that time, because the mechanic was still very high, and here he could make his greatest contribution to the Soviets. But after not many days of lathe work, while he was still trying to become the best lathe worker among the young people, the military representative of the factory sent himself, a rare soldier in the factory, to the Izhevsk Higher Mechanical School, where he studied for more than a year, and was awarded the rank of second lieutenant in the engineering service of the Red Army when he graduated.

He was then sent to the Leningrad Military District, where he was trained for several months in the units that had fought in the Northern War - his superiors never told him what he had experienced in the past two years, and Kalashnikov did not think about it, as long as he could work for the country.

Honestly, he wanted to be a military technician, and he was transferred back to Izhevsk, and then someone from his superiors told him that he would work in the ordnance research department in the future.

"Familiar with processing technology, school system training, and practical training in the army." -- The prerequisites and qualities that an ordnance researcher needs are basically all there, and what makes Kalashnikov happiest at this time is that his military career has taught him what kind of weapons soldiers want!

Participating in the design department of Comrade Vasily Alekseevich Degdialev, a "Hero of Socialist Labor" and a famous Soviet gunsmith, Degtyalev told him that Marshal Plunyakov had brought him in.

At present, the design department is developing several new machine guns, but Kalashnikov is not involved, because the more important work of the entire department is to improve the performance of the front-line light weapons that are already equipped, rather than to engage in any new design -- the development of new light weapons will only be a "side business," and the "added value" of existing equipment is the primary task.

The AK47 designed by the deputy commander and the extended squad weapons are continuing to be fully reloaded, and the smart way to do this is to "lock" the original gun design and maximize mass production. Kalashnikov and some of the personnel of the technical department participated in the research of ammunition innovation, and in the past six months they have devoted a lot of effort to improving the ammunition production process - he is now a firearms technician, but he is engaged in the research of ammunition technology.

Not only assault rifle bullets, but also large-caliber anti-aircraft machine gun bullets they are also researching, has achieved great success, several new ammunition has been put into mass production (gun ammunition production is not only ordinary bullets, armor-piercing bullets, tracer bullets, etc. Of course, a bad one can also have a negative impact. ）。

Just like this, the steel shell in production, after several improvements, can be achieved in the production process without annealing in the middle of the extension processing, the processing rate of one time is more than 85%, and the number of extension of the shell is reduced by more than 700%! The equipment has also changed from the previous single station, single punch, and low rotation to the current multi-station, multi-punch, and high speed, which greatly improves the production efficiency, and the improvement of the blank also significantly improves the material utilization rate and greatly reduces the production cost!

Kalashnikov and his colleagues have put in a lot of time and effort, and now they have finally paid off.

Compared with the processing of copper bullet shells, the production process of deep-drawn high-quality carbon steel rod materials is slightly more complicated, and the requirements for molds and machine tools are relatively high, but copper raw materials are not used, the materials are cheap and the utilization rate is very high, the economy is good, and it can ensure the expansion of production scale and save valuable brass resources.

This will make Kalashnikov plan to improve the shell inspection process in the next step - the shell needs to be calibrated after the manufacture is completed, which is an important point in the production of shells!

The important size of the bullet case is generally 100% inspected, and the unqualified products are eliminated.

Now the inspection basically depends on the artificial naked eye, which requires a large number of inspectors, and the quality will also be restricted by certain objective factors: if the next step can develop a simple set of mechanized automatic inspection equipment, the production efficiency will be greatly improved.

The young man thought that as soon as he returned to the institute, Kalashnikov would carry out research on his own ideas, and if he could succeed, this would be a huge contribution.

If Lin Jun knew that the "World Gun King" who was working under the guidance of the Izhevsko Bullet Case Factory, what would he think*** How would it feel?

"Overkill"? Perhaps, compared to the AK47, this is really overkill, but it is undeniable that if Kalashnikov's idea becomes a reality, it will also be extremely important to contribute to the production of ammunition and the course of the war.

(The remainder is a super affordable chapter with a prefix of 9, ask for a monthly pass, thank you.) I'm tired today, I feel very tired, that's all for 5,000 words. (To be continued.) )