Chapter 32 Assault Training
A few days later, Ouyang Jian said with satisfaction in class: "Comrades, after a few days of study, your understanding is very high, and my academic performance is satisfactory. In short, no matter what tactics are, they must be flexibly used in actual combat in order to truly reach the level of training. The theory of guerrilla warfare has come to an end for the time being, and how to integrate theory with practice requires you to devote yourself to research. Now I'm going to talk about sports warfare. What is the ・・・・・・ of sports warfare? Ouyang Jian began to go deeper into more advanced military theories.
Half a month passed, and Ouyang Jian began to involve high-end regular operations. On this day, Ouyang Jian's expression became serious, and his eyes were sharp: "When the military strength of the two armies reaches parity, this involves regular operations, and regular operations require higher military qualities of commanders and even soldiers. It contains a campaign or even a war. Regular warfare presents an offensive and defensive mode of operation and a grand scene, with the defending side and the attacking side investing thousands or tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands of people, or even millions of people. ”
"Throughout the world's military history, we can go from the era of cold weapons to the overall preview of the ** era, and classic examples of war abound. Regular warfare, on the other hand, is the use of military means to conduct large-scale offensive and defensive operations. Especially in large corps operations, which places higher demands on commanders and soldiers. I am afraid that it is difficult for you to imagine that the development of weapons and equipment has reached a rather terrifying level today. The warplanes and armored combat vehicles that appeared in the First World War will play a pivotal role in future wars, and the scenes of the war will be more tragic, and the time of the battle will be shorter. ”
"I'll talk about weaponry in detail in the next chapter. Now let's move on to regular warfare. The few people below listened to it with a fascination, and the guard pony outside was a little absent-minded, probably a little difficult to understand and uninterested. But Tao Yong pricked up his ears and concentrated, and he also held a small notebook in his hand, recording what Ouyang Jian had said. And a few people in the room were even more attentive, it can be said that Ouyang Jian's explanation was the first time they heard it. Although Xiao Ke is from Whampoa, some things are also heard for the first time, and it is no longer appropriate to use the word shock in his feelings.
Ouyang Jian wrote a few big words on the blackboard, "The Battle of the Marne River in the Great War in Europe", and then looked around at the crowd: "Now we continue to explain the regular battle, taking the Battle of the Marne in the European War as an example, Germany and France invested millions of troops. Some people describe the Battle of the Marne as the most tragic battle in the era of human history, known as the meat grinder of the Marne. In order to give you a detailed picture of the historical context of the Battle of the Marne, it is necessary for me to describe the circumstances of the fighting between the two sides at that time. ”
"There were two major battles on the Marne in France, the first of which lasted eight days from 5 to 12 September 1914. The Second Battle of the Marne lasted 22 days, from 15 July to 6 August 1918. Here I will focus on the first Battle of the Marne, and see how the two sides staged a large-scale offensive and defensive battle in just 8 days. At that time, the total number of troops invested by the two warring parties was: the Anglo-French army was 66 divisions with 1.08 million men, and the German army was 51 divisions with 900,000 men. The commanders of the two battles were the French Chief of the General Staff of the French Army, Xia Fei, and the Chief of the General Staff of the German Army, Moltke. ”
"After the Battle of the French Border, the Anglo-French forces faced a major German offensive, and the French 4th and 5th Armies and the British Expeditionary Force retreated south of the Marne and deployed on the front line of Paris and Verdun. The chief of the French General Staff, Xia Fei, took the opportunity to form the 6th and 9th armies, which were deployed on the outskirts of Paris and between the 4th and 5th armies, respectively, to prepare for a counteroffensive. The arrogant German army did not pay attention to the defeat of its troops at all, and the German 1st and 2nd armies drove straight into pursuit of the French 5th Army, deviating from the original direction of attack and leaving the area east of Paris. ”
Ouyang Jian simply drew on the blackboard the map of the double-anti engagement of the Battle of the Marne, as well as the deployment of troops on both sides, and continued: "After Moltke, chief of the German General Staff, learned that the French army was about to counterattack, he ordered the German 1st and 2nd armies to go on the defensive in the area east of Paris on September 4, and the 3rd, 4th, and 5th armies went south to coordinate with the 6th Army attacking from the east to encircle the British and French forces south of Verdun. However, the commander of the German 1st Army, Kluk, refused to carry out the order and continued to lead his troops south, forming a counterattack posture favorable to the coalition forces. ”
On the same day, Xia Fei ordered the French 5th and 6th Armies and the British Expeditionary Force to carry out a major assault on the German 1st and 2nd Armies. The French 4th and 9th armies pinned down the German 3rd and 4th armies, and the French 3rd army carried out auxiliary assaults west of Verdun. On 5 September, the vanguard of the French 6th Army encountered the German 1st Army, and then opened the curtain ・・・・・・ the Battle of the Marne. In this battle, the two sides suffered more than 500,000 casualties in just eight days, of which the French army lost 25 people (more than 80,000 killed) and the British army lost 1 or 30,000 people. The Germans lost 220,000 men. The battle shattered the German army's goal of quickly occupying Paris and dragged the war into a protracted one. ”
"It can be said that the Battle of the Marne was a classic example of reversing passivity, when the German army was jubilant, not only the Germans, but almost the whole world, were convinced that the German army would soon win and that the fall of Paris was a foregone conclusion. Just when the victory of the Germans seemed to be within the horizon and the disaster of the French was imminent, the Allied army turned defeat into victory on the Marne, which was called the miracle of the Marne. The battle ended in defeat for the Germans, and the Anglo-French forces advanced 60 kilometers on a 200-kilometer front. There were mistakes on both sides in this battle, Moltke was far from the battlefield, and he did not command properly about the situation at the front. The lack of coordination among the various armies led to the bankruptcy of the quick victory plan. The Anglo-French forces were slow to move, did not take advantage of the victory to expand the results of the battle, and missed the opportunity, so that the German army preserved its strength. ”
"This war is an unjust war between imperialists due to contradictions and interests, and we will not judge it morally, but only study the mode of regular warfare from the campaign itself. Therefore, regular operations must first of all be in unison, and all actions should be under command. As far as the Battle of the Marne was concerned, the German army was arrogant and did not take the enemy into account, and the commander-in-chief, Moltke, was far away from the battlefield command and could not grasp the situation at the front at the first time. In particular, the disobedience of the front-line commanders to military orders caused passivity, which led to the rout of the German army. ”
The French army got by, did not take advantage of the victory to expand the gains of the war, and gave the German army a chance to breathe, so that the war dragged on for four years. Comrades, we are taking precautions when we study regular warfare. Along with the growth of the Red Army, we will inevitably stage a large-scale regular battle against the Kuomintang army, so everyone present here must understand the basic characteristics of regular combat. This is the end of the discussion on regular warfare. Tomorrow we will discuss how to effectively integrate guerrilla warfare, movement warfare, and regular warfare, and this is the key point we will study. ”
In the afternoon, Ouyang Jian went to the field to inspect the training of Li Shuxian's telecommunications class, and several of them began to study and learn their experiences. Ouyang Jian's profound knowledge, especially his incisive insights in the military field, and detailed historical materials not only opened everyone's eyes, but also made a qualitative leap. After a heated discussion for a while, Su Yu seemed to remember something: "Comrade Xiao Ke, didn't you learn this knowledge when you were at the Whampoa Military Academy?" "No? I heard that Captain Ouyang knew Russian, probably he obtained it from Russian books. Captain Ouyang is worthy of being the elite of Whampoa, and our party's outstanding military cadres admire him. ”
"Hey! I said Lao Fu, you are Captain Ouyang's old subordinate, I really envy you for being close to the water and getting the moon first. What dry goods don't put in your stomach, let's share them. Song Renqiang teased. Xiao Feng said helplessly: "When I was in the Northern Expeditionary Army, there was very little communication between superiors and subordinates, and there were often wars. To tell you the truth, I only learned that he was a secret party member before the Nanchang Uprising, which disappointed everyone. "Ladies and gentlemen, what Captain Ouyang did in Yunshui County reflects his outstanding military talent, and his profound knowledge and unique military thinking will have a profound impact on us. In particular, Comrade Ouyang greatly appreciated Commissar Mao's military theory, and the combination of the two was like a tiger with wings. Comrades, the situation of our great development is not far off! Luo Ronghuan praised.
Su Yu said excitedly: "Captain Ouyang is a temporary succumb to the tiger's den, let me guess his intentions, you can see ・・・・・・." With Su Yu's bold speculation, everyone began to discuss enthusiastically again. In the evening, Ouyang Jian sat under the kerosene lamp and continued to sort out his thoughts, the short-term training has been almost a month, and the trainees have made different progress. The last thing that remains is the development of weapons and equipment in the countries of the world today and the role they will play in the future battlefield. After Ouyang Jian finished summarizing what he was going to explain, he turned his head and found that Tao Zhu had written something in the small book, and the pony was still sleeping soundly next to him.
"Tao Yong, what are you doing!" Tao Yong hurriedly closed the notebook and hid behind him, a little embarrassed. "What do you have in your hand for me to see?" "Captain, I have recorded the content of your lectures during this time, without your permission!" "It's okay, show it to me!" Tao Zhu handed over the notebook. Ouyang Jian simply flipped through the book, and remembered that it was not very comprehensive, but it showed that he was attentive. "Very good.,I'm glad that you're motivated.,Ask me if you don't know anything in the future.,But the book includes the content of the inside and is not allowed to be passed on!" Tao Zhu nodded solemnly.
The next day, Ouyang Jian changed his usual serious face and said: "Today is October 25th, and the short-term training will end before the end of the month." Each of you has to integrate your troops, and we can't be full in the short term, and your task is to build a corps lineage. It is necessary to inculcate in the subordinate officers what they have learned well, and form a good pattern of passing on the things to the subordinate officers. In its current state, military academies can only train junior officers and recruit new recruits. With the development of the form, the military school will gradually improve the training system, which will also take time. ”
"Let me focus on the development of weapons and equipment in Europe and the United States, the weapons development of Soviet Russia, and the weapons development of the Japanese army. Finally, he explained the situation of the Kuomintang's weapons and equipment, as well as the Kuomintang's weapons development plan. The ancients knew that they would not be defeated in a hundred battles, and you must understand and grasp these situations. After the smoke of the war in Europe dissipated, military strategists and weapons experts from various countries profoundly realized the importance of advanced weapons, especially the ability to make rapid assaults and strikes, and the role they played in the campaign. ”
"Before the formal explanation, I will give a realistic example, not long ago, Xiao Feng led his troops to rob the arms of the Jiangxi army, and we captured 4 pieces of artillery. You might think that these 4 guns are infantry support fire, but they are not real infantry guns. These 4 guns are old rapid-fire guns made in Germany, and given the range and caliber, they should be summarized in the mortar sequence. These four vintage guns were produced in ・・・・・・ 1902. At present, the artillery has been secretly transported back, and we have formally formed an artillery team in Meiling, and I have handed over the manual on artillery drills to Li Guangda. ”
"Without further ado, let's start with artillery. World War I fully demonstrated the power of artillery, which lived up to its name as the god of war. At present, howitzers, mountain artillery, mortars and even infantry guns that are about to be installed are gradually forming a scale ・・・・・・. ”
"Finally, I will briefly explain the role and operational characteristics of tanks and combat vehicles and fighters in the future battlefield. The battle-tested warplanes and armored fighting vehicles of the Great War in Europe will be even more terrifying and will play a huge role in future wars after rapid development. I think that the fighters of the future will be the devil in the air, and a fierce air strike is unimaginable. The armored fighting vehicle is a moving steel fortress with unrivaled attack power. Here's ・・・・・. ”
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