(462) Surprise Attack on Pearl Harbor[4]

The subsequent torpedo planes, unable to find an attack target on the west side of Ford Island, flew to the east side of Ford Island. Here they spotted the battleship "Pennsylvania". Unexpectedly, the battleship stopped in the dock, and the torpedo machine felt that it was impossible to attack it, and it was impossible to carry out a torpedo attack on it. The torpedo squadron, which was in a dilemma, happened to see an American cruiser and a destroyer on the dock on the left just anchor, and the pilot recognized the American cruiser as the "Helena" and the destroyer as the "Oklala". The attack was immediately carried out. The two warships were hit by five torpedoes in succession, capsized and sank in a violent explosion.

The results of the first attack wave that Fuchida Navy Nakasa saw were not as big as the attack had just come to an end. The most obvious results of the battle were the capsized target ship "Utah," the aircraft carrier "Enterprise," which sank two-thirds of the way into the water, and the battleship "Oklahoma," which was half-sunk in the water. The rest of the warships were also almost all on fire, drowning in smoke. The anti-aircraft fire of the American army is already less active. In any case, the effect of torpedo attacks was most obvious, and the battleships parked outside Ford Island seemed to have been torpedoed, and a thick layer of jet-black diesel fuel floated in the nearby sea.

Fuchida remembered the intense training that the troops had conducted in Kagoshima Bay, looked at what was happening on the sea, and couldn't help but shed tears. The efforts made by the troops in the training have finally not been in vain, and it has finally done what could not be done. But why was the American fleet so careless that it did not lay mine barriers? Fuchida looked around again, wanting to verify the results again.

On the day of the attack on Pearl Harbor, the US Pacific Fleet did not even lay mine barriers. This was indeed a decisive factor in the major results of this operation. The U.S. Pacific Fleet has always been very cautious. In a moment of crisis and the possibility of war, why not lay mine barriers?

The reason why he did not know was that although the Pacific Fleet had taken into account the possibility of an air attack on Pearl Harbor and had made preparations in many ways, many people believed that it was impossible to carry out a torpedo attack under the unfavorable conditions of shallow water and close attack distance at Pearl Harbor.

The Americans paid dearly for their rash conclusions.

After the bombing, when Fuchida observed again, the battle scene should have changed to the fighter squadron strafing the various airfields, but due to the desperate attack of American fighters, this operation could not be carried out for a long time. In order to observe the battle unfolding under his feet, Fuchita's command plane anxiously circled over various US airfields, and after being fiercely attacked by US antiaircraft guns, Fuchida had no choice but to fly back to Pearl Harbor to further observe the results of the attack on the enemy ships.

On the western side of Ford Island, the "Utah" target ship was attacked and capsized soon after. On the east side of Ford Island, the battleships "West Virginia" and "Oklahoma" were now tilted like dead fish and half sunk into the water as a result of the concentrated attack of the Torpedo Flotilla, and a layer of jet-black diesel fuel floated on the surface of the sea nearby. After the battleship "Arizona" was bombed by horizontal bombers, which caused an explosion in the cabin, the mast was crooked, and the fire began to burn, the battleship had rushed out of Pearl Harbor, but it did not sink and continued to fight. The battleships "Tennessee" and "Maryland" also caught fire at this time. In particular, the "Tennessee" was in flames and smoke rose into the sky. However, the battleship "Pennsylvania" in the dockyard of the Navy Yard was intact, since it was not attacked by the torpedo fleet and was not bombed by the horizontal bomber fleet.

At this time, the battle in the sky became more and more intense, and at the same time as the American anti-aircraft guns were firing fiercely, the American aviation units were fighting bravely. The brave American pilots took advantage of the gap between the fierce attacks of the Japanese army to take off on all the planes that could fly and desperately counterattack the superior Japanese army. They fought bravely and fiercely with the fighters of Yuben, and many died heroically.

From time to time, US planes that were hit fell from his side, and Fuchida saw that although the "Gale" fighters of the Yue army had an absolute advantage in air combat, the desperate attacks of the US forces still caused great losses to the air superiority fighter group, and he himself observed that about 10 "Gale" fighters were shot down in the melee.

The attack of the first attack wave lasted about an hour or so. According to the information put together, the side lost 27 aircraft, including 11 fighters, 7 dive bombers and 9 torpedo planes. When the first attack wave returned, the second attack wave under the command of Navy Commander Shimazaki of the "Zuizuru" arrived over Oahu, with a total of 253 planes.

At 4:10 a.m. (8:40 a.m. Honolulu time), the second attack wave was completed over Cape Kahuku. At 4:24 a.m., the attack plane group braved increasingly fierce antiaircraft fire, dodged the smoke of gunpowder, and began to attack.

A horizontal bomber fleet of 84 planes under the direct command of Shimazaki Navy Shozo circled the eastern side of Oahu and attacked the Kaneohei, Hickem, and Ford Island airfields. A fleet of 92 dive bombers under the command of Admiral Commander Ecao flew over the mountains to the east and came to Pearl Harbor to attack the remaining US ships. The Air Supremacy Fighter Squadron under the command of Captain Shinto with a total of 77 fighters continued to maintain air supremacy over Oahu after the first attack wave.

At this time, the entire upper echelons of Pearl Harbor were covered by broken clouds, and thick smoke billowed below, seriously hindering the search for targets by the dive bomber fleet. Fly high, it is not easy to find the target; Fly low, but you can't dive. The anti-aircraft artillery fire of the US troops from below was extremely fierce, and the column-shaped cluster barrages could be seen very clearly on the clouds.

The bold Ekusa Navy swooped in the direction of the barrage of clusters. Because when the plane dives to a certain height, he can clearly see the enemy ship that is firing at it, and then he immediately corrects the aiming and bombs the enemy ship. The remaining 91 dive bombers followed this method, first looking for a cluster barrage and then diving towards it. Dive bombers did not attack enemy ships that did not open fire. The reason why the attack was so arranged was that the enemy ship stopped firing from its guns, indicating that it had been badly damaged and that it no longer had to waste precious ammunition on it. Targeting in this way avoids repeating attacks on targets that have already been hit by the first wave.

Navy Captain Shohei Yamada of the USS Pancheng is a big man with a length of nearly two meters, a bold and resolute pilot, who is specifically looking for "behemoths" to attack. He saw a cluster barrage with the most dense spots, and thought it must have been shot by a "behemoth". He immediately led the squadron to dive down in the direction of the barrage. When I went down, I saw that it was a group of land batteries, so I had to fly up again to find the "behemoth" again. Sure enough, he finally found that the battleship "Pennsylvania" parked in the dock did not seem to be damaged, so he led the squadron to concentrate on attacking the American battleship. "Pennsylvania" is the capital ship of the US Pacific Fleet, with a displacement of more than 50,000 tons and three triple 406-mm guns, which can be described as a veritable "behemoth".

Six bombs hit the battleship "Pennsylvania" one after another, and the entire dock turned into a sea of fire, which may be the maximum damage that the dive bomber could inflict on this battleship, looking at his results, Yamada couldn't help but scream.

The 91 aircraft of the dive bomber fleet in this way attacked various targets, mainly battleships, followed by cruisers, and quite a few destroyers. The American aircraft carrier USS Hornet, which had been seriously damaged in the first attack wave, was again subjected to a terrible attack, and after some struggle, the giant ship finally capsized not far from the berth.

The second wave of attacks also lasted about an hour. This attack further expanded the gains of the first wave. However, due to the increasingly fierce anti-aircraft artillery fire of the US forces and the attack of the US "Lightning" fighters, the second attack wave lost 46 aircraft, including 13 fighters and 33 dive bombers.

After the second wave of attacks was over and the return voyage began, Fuchida flew around Pearl Harbor for another week, scouting the results and taking photographs.

What Fuchida was able to determine was that four battleships and two aircraft carriers of the US Pacific Fleet must have been sunk. Three other battleships could also be concluded to be temporarily immobile. The remaining three battleships also suffered considerable damage. A fire broke out at the water airport on Ford Island, and the land airport continues to burn. Hickam Airport was also under heavy burning. Whaler Airport, in particular, saw the biggest fires. No matter which airport you visit, there is thick smoke. Details of the destruction of the airfield are unknown. There were flames everywhere. However, as long as there is a little gasoline, it will burn violently. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately judge the outcome of the battle by only seeing the flames. However, there is not a single intact aircraft in sight at the airport or on the tarmac, nor is there a single plane moving. After three hours in the air, Fuchida repeatedly encountered enemy aircraft. But thanks to the protection of the air supremacy fighter group, every time it was safe. Because the US fighter planes could not be compared with the latest "Gale" fighters, although the US fighters took to the air in time and fought bravely, they suffered heavy losses and limited successes. Fuchida did not encounter any more US planes on his return, which indicates that about half of the US air force at Pearl Harbor should have been annihilated. However, there are some hangars that do not seem to have been damaged, and the inside of them is unknown.

As for the results of this operation, Fuchida generally made a judgment of "success." After taking pictures, Commander Fuchida turned the nose of the plane and began to return home.

Fuchita's plane was about to leave Oahu when a fighter jet flew over and followed. The wings of the plane were painted with the sun flag logo, apparently the original aircraft.

"Where is it?" Fuchida Navy Nakasa turned back and asked Mizuki Hyosa.

Mizuki Hyocao was already paying attention, and immediately replied, "It's the 'Zuizuru'." ”

"That's the first wave, and I can really hold on!" Fuchida couldn't help but sigh, "Will there be any planes that haven't left?" Let's go around the meeting point again. ”

In order to gather the fighters who might have been lost, Fuchida Navy Nakasa flew to the return assembly point again. Here, as expected, another fighter was encountered. At that time, because the plane was not equipped with radar (I called it "electric scout"). For a single-seat fighter, it is difficult to fly long distances using the method of reckoning. Therefore, the return assembly point and the return time were stipulated, and the attack aircraft fleet guided the fighter fleet to return home. However, some planes missed the return time due to war. In fact, in this battle, among the planes that did not return, some pilots could not return to the mothership because the planes were shot, so they had to make a forced landing on a nearby island, and they were not rescued by the submarine in time, and finally refused to be captured and committed suicide.

The commander-in-chief of the Fuchida Navy was the last to return. After returning to the "Pancheng," Yuantian immediately rushed to the flight command post. Here, he listened to the reports of the flight detachment commanders such as Murata Shaosa, Itaya Shaosa, Captain Shinto, and Captain Chihaya, and then compared and sorted out these situations with the results he had witnessed, and prepared to report to Nagumo Tadaichi.

In order to carry out repeated attacks on Pearl Harbor, on the flight deck of aircraft carriers, preparations for a third wave of attacks are underway. Attack aircraft, refueled and loaded with bombs or torpedoes, were constantly lifted up by the rear lifts and lined up on the take-off line.

"Captain Fuchida, hurry up to the bridge!" A shout was heard from the microphone leading from the bridge to the flight command post.

Fuchida immediately ran to the bridge. After saluting the captain, he prepared to report the operation to the head of the command through the captain.

At this time, Chief Nagumo asked from the side, "Captain, it's been hard work, how are the results?" ”

Captain Hasegawa gave Fuchida Navy Nakasa a look and told him to report directly to Chief Nagumo. Fuchida Nakasa turned to look at the staff of the headquarters gathered on the right side of the bridge. He could see at once that there they were already arguing quite hotly about the need for repeated attacks on Pearl Harbor. There was a disgruntled look on his face. This scene made Fuchida self-evident in his heart.

"Definitely sank four battleships and two aircraft carriers. Of these, a large explosion occurred on a battleship and an aircraft carrier, one aircraft carrier capsized, and three more battleships, although not capsized, have sunk to the bottom of the sea. Fuchida said.

Nagumo Tadaichi's eyes flashed, showing a look of satisfaction, and he said, "Oh, seven battleships and two aircraft carriers were sunk for sure. So, what about the other? ”

"Due to the short time frame, it is difficult to make accurate judgments. It is estimated that one enemy battleship was badly damaged and the damage was very heavy: the other battleship was not unwounded, and it was not too heavy. Fuchida Navy Nakasa went on to report that "two more cruisers and one aircraft carrier of the U.S. military were not in port. ”

"So, you have achieved the expected results?"

Fuchida felt that Nagumo Tadaichi's meaning might have stopped there. So, he said: "The enemy's battleship was temporarily immobile, but the damage was not complete enough. In addition, there were battleships and many cruisers and below in the harbor. Although they also suffered some losses, I think it was necessary to carry out a second attack. ”

At this time, the chief of staff of Caolu interjected, and he asked, "What is the situation at the airport?" ”

"The outcome of the attack on the airfield is difficult to judge with certainty. It looked like it had been struck by destruction, but it couldn't be seen clearly because of the smoke and fire. During the operation, there were many enemy planes over Pearl Harbor. At the three airports of Hikeim, Ford Island and Wheelier, no planes were seen. All in all, they have been largely killed, but it is more prudent to say that there may still be a considerable number of US military aircraft preserved. ”

"So, the enemy might fight back against us?"

"It is very likely that the enemy will not only counterattack with heavy bombers, but also concentrate dive bombers and torpedo planes that are not destroyed." Counselor Genda interjected.

"The counterattack of the heavy bombers is nothing, the combat patrols here will knock them down. Don't be afraid. Nanyun Zhong glanced at Staff Officer Genda and said, "As for the enemy's dive bombers and torpedo planes, I don't think there are many left, right?" If they dare to come, the lack of fighter escort will not make a difference. ”

"If that happens, we need to have quite a few fighters patrolling the skies. As a result, the air superiority fighter fleet to cover the attacking forces will not be enough. Genda replied a little anxiously.

"As it stands, the air supremacy of Pearl Harbor is in our hands. So, it is not necessary to send a lot of fighters. It is desirable that the fleet approach about fifty nautical miles from Oahu at full speed after the second strike force is dispatched, so that the fighters can take into account both the skies over the mobile force and the skies over Oahu. In this way, the fighters are well arranged. Fuchida said on the side.

At this time, Chief Staff Officer Oishi asked Fuchida Naval Lieutenant, "How is the enemy's anti-aircraft artillery fire?" ”

"The enemy anti-aircraft guns opened fire very early, so to speak, they were prepared. They opened fire in less than five minutes. In particular, the aircraft behind the torpedo fleet came under heavy fire and suffered considerable losses. And when the second wave arrived, the fire was even more intense. ”

Chief of Staff Kusaka interjected again and asked for the opinion of Fuchida Navy Nakasa: "If you attack again, what target to choose?" ”

"It is also necessary to attack the battleship again in order to achieve a complete victory. Then attack the rest of the ships as well, and give a blow of annihilation. This is the target of the third wave. The fourth wave targeted the naval shipyard and destroyed its repair equipment. In conclusion, there are many more important targets that need to be ensured to destroy. Fuchida replied.

"Sir, give the order! Don't miss out on this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity! Genda looked at Nagumo Tadaichi and said earnestly.

(To be continued)