Text]――

"In its investigation of the reasons for the rapid decline of Wuhan's textile industry, the Central Workers' Department of our Party said: The trade union power is too large, the workers have sabotaged their work, and they have asked for paid leave even if they are not sick, and the managers dare not have a word of dissent, so that the businessmen have closed their businesses to avoid the front of the workers."

"In the beginning, people were begging our party to set up a way for the government not to interfere directly with the workers. At that time, our Party was duty-bound and promised to take responsibility for these things, but our Party failed to correct these things, and did not even do anything to prevent the development of these things. This leads people to go on a different path. Anti-** thus da Shi yīn conspiracy, using it to organize anti-** riots. Our Party wants to stop the workers from doing this, and because it is not persuaded enough and coercive methods (and arrests are taken against the workers), it cannot but arouse the resentment of the workers, and the loss of faith in the trade union and the party. For example, on the one hand, the workers are dissatisfied with the trade unions and the party, and on the other hand, our party members and many others blame the trade unions and the party ......"

Liang Qichao's family letter:

"It is no wonder that the social and philanthropic political views that are circulating among the youth in Siyong's letter are a little bit like this, let alone you young people. In fact, to defeat the local warlords who do evil, we can't help but say that they have a little credit, although we want to do it but can't do it, of course we are in favor of others doing it, but is the future bright? Still absolutely not. The worst thing they can do is to agitate for the work of the gangsters, to turn the worst ruffians in society over and turn them into political dominators, and the jobs of the workers who keep to themselves are smashed by the hooligans who do not work. Not to mention commerce, almost all the shops in Hankou and Wuchang are closed. The number of unemployed workers has increased by tens of thousands, and the so-called Federation of Trade Unions has paid more than 100,000 yuan a month for propaganda expenses (to support party members), and the resentment of unemployed workers has increased day by day, not to mention ordinary businessmen. ”

“…… At present, all the local warlords who have done evil everywhere are not far from the end of the world, and they will no longer be a problem of many people; And it is also visible that the Chinese party members are not able to do a good job in politics. The most fatal wound of this is that in the fetters of the Third International of Lenin, where all the ruffians and hooligans are the supreme sovereigns as soon as they join the party, they are as good civilians as possible. At present, the middle class in many parts of the two lakes is absolutely unable to survive, and if the whole country behaves like theirs, the productive forces of the whole country will soon have to dry up to the end, and the future is really unthinkable. If we moderates don't pick up the positive jīng and move forward, we will not only be sorry for the country, but we will also have no place for ourselves. ”

"I have always accepted 'politics', but resolutely rejected the so-called 'society', and this time as prime minister, I trembled and walked on thin ice, and I am committed to China's path of 'social reform'. The key to navigating this path of 'social reform' is the existence of a 'middle society'. Because a country grows and grows by the rich, not by the poor, and this is especially true when it comes to economic development. I have defined my notion of the 'rich' as a 'middle society' (quite similar to what is called 'middle class' today', after excluding the exploiters who 'exploit and annex what others have for themselves' and hide them from the cellar'. I advocate the creation of a 'middle society' in China first, and then it is up to this part of the population to initiate social reform. ”

"Nowadays, the construction and development of the 'middle society' has achieved initial results, but recently it is a phenomenon that we cannot bear to hear or see. Since the transfer of the party to other provinces, the people in Henan, Shandong, and other places have simply not been able to survive, and the people in many places in Hunan and Sichuan have also been deeply poisoned. Not only President Xu Shichang has a headache, but even those of us who want to do practical things also have a headache. All in all, the party was trained by the Third International, and its organizational skills were too strong, and it was now truly invincible in the world. We often say, 'They are organized, we are not.'" Who knew that Zuo Shunsheng's letter to his friend (which I saw with my own eyes) was exactly these two sentences. It is rumored that there are also party elements in Wu Ziyi's army, and the day before yesterday Cao Zhongshan came to Beijing, I talked to him about this matter, and he comforted me: 'It doesn't matter, they can't lift the dal-ng, the army is in our hands.' Yes, it is true that the soldiers of the south are not of the Cloth sect at present, but if they continue like this, they will surely fall into the hands of the Cloth sect. ”

"Now in many places in China, there are only workers shijie, and the word 'intellectual class' has become synonymous with anti-**. (Da Xiaogong Sī schools in many places in Henan, Sichuan, and northern Shaanxi are completely closed, all in the name of 'reorganization', but there will be no deadline for the start of school.) And the so-called workers are all ruffians who don't work, and it's really sad to see that the good production business of the DA has to stop. We will have many days of suffering, but what is now? We can only temper our bodies and minds, prepare for resistance, and in the future, we can do something for the country, and teach the children to follow this path of hardship. ”,

"The news is very tight this afternoon, I am afraid that the changes in the labor movement and student movement in Beijing will be unexpectedly rapid, and my friends have advised me to take refuge as soon as possible (such as Huang Yanpei and Professor Wen of Southeast DA in Shanghai will flee), because it is obvious that the violent elements will not be able to get along with our people. I am even more afraid that once there is a change in Beijing, Beijing and Tianjin will be cut off, and then I will not be able to avoid it. I'm thinking about it now. Originally, it was planned to end before the summer vacation of Siyong School.,Now I'm afraid I can't wait for that time.。 …… At present, the worst trouble in the south is the remote place of Sichuan with two lakes, and the better one is Zhejiang. In the future, the north is afraid that it will make the mistake of the two lakes, because there are too many poor people, (in fact, the living conditions of ordinary people in Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang and other provinces are good, so it is not easy to be red.) I always felt that the whole of Beijing was about to die, so the Sishun people immediately did not dare to advocate for it. But the robbery of Tianjin and Shanghai should have been a little later and a little lighter. Fortunately, there are not many people in Huilai, and you may be able to live in peace in Jinyu. There is also one of the most terrible phenomena - the rupture of the financial world. I think it's inevitable, it's hard to survive a year, and if that day comes, the middle class of the whole country will really starve to death. ”

The Lion Awakening Magazine of the Chinese Youth Party (September 1922, No. 2):

“…… The reason for the peasants' abandonment of land and fleeing for famine is closely related to the 'Pingguang Blocking Movement' in which the people of the Cloth Party took advantage of the situation to incite the poor at the bottom. The original intention of the campaign was to prohibit all grain exports in the name of farmers' associations because the poor at the bottom were worried that food prices in the province would skyrocket in the event of a year of lean and yellow crops, which would threaten their livelihoods. Since such measures were set by the poor peasants themselves, they should have benefited the poor peasants. But this is not the case. The first thing that the measures harmed was the interests of the tenant farmers and yeoman peasants, and then the interests of the middle peasants, kulaks, and landlords. This is because these peasants have the need to sell grain freely in the market, but after the 'Pingguang ban', the grain cannot flow between the harvest and the famine, resulting in its extremely low price, and farming becomes a loss-making matter, and the government has nothing to do about it; the yeoman farmers and tenant farmers who are unable to resist the government's urging to do so will abandon the land or violate the lease contract and flee one after another. After the tenant farmers and yeoman farmers gave up farming, the amount of grain was reduced, and the poor peasants' vision of a better life was naturally frustrated -- what was even more serious was that the poor peasants made such a fuss and controlled the grain in the province and did not allow it to be transported abroad, which led to problems in the supply of the garrisons in neighboring provinces, and aroused the anger of the soldiers of the army. ”

"And the poor peasants were able to put the 'Pingguang Blockade Movement' into practice because they controlled the Le Peasant Association. According to the investigation of the contemporaries, the peasant associations not only participated in the right to govern the villages, but also replaced the government in some remote places, practiced the so-called 'autonomy of the peasant cooperatives', and exercised the power of judicial administration. Not only did all the power in the countryside belong to the peasant associations, but also further encroached and interfered in the county government, almost all peasant problems had to be solved by the peasant associations, the workers' problems by the unions, and the student problems by the student federations. It can be said unceremoniously that, as a result of the instigation of the Cloth Party, the power of rule in some places has indeed been transferred to the trade unions in the cities and to the peasant associations in the villages. ”

"What is particularly noteworthy is that the peasant movement, which spread across many provinces, was organized by the Burunos Aires Party, but after it was launched, it was no longer under the control of the Burunos Aires Party. Under the banner of peasant associations, nearly a million peasants have risen up, but the vast majority of peasant associations are not under the control of the party; Many of them fell directly into the hands of the ruffians and hooligans and became a social hazard. Public criticism poured so deep that the peasant associations had to make the decision to 'wash' the peasant cooperatives at all levels. ”

"The decision mainly puts forward two requirements: first, in order to make the opinions of the real peasants fully expressed in the associations at all levels, the executive members of the township peasant cooperatives must be absolutely ploughing peasants, handicrafts, or manual laborers, and other elements, especially ruffians and hooligans, should be strictly eliminated; (2) Three-fifths of the executive members of the district agricultural cooperatives must be real peasants, specialising in handicrafts or manual laborers, and two-fifths of them must be employed intellectuals or persons acting in the interests of the peasants. Those with rogue ruffians should be strictly prevented, so as not to disturb the Lu-N peasant organization; The decision tried to make up for the loss of the sheep, but this rectification was not strictly implemented, and it was aborted halfway. The matter of peasant associations has become more and more criticized because of its loss of control. Even within the party, there were pessimists and disappointments, and its leader, Ho Xiangzhong, once said: 'If they make such nonsense, the Central Committee will have no choice but to shut down the M-N, and they can dare to say that the peasant association is an unprecedented mistake, and all comrades in the party should clearly admit it.' We see that the agricultural products have been destroyed, and the industrialists and businessmen have run out. I don't want the central government, I don't want the people below, what kind of life do you want'",

Liang Qichao's family letter:

It is no wonder that the letter of Si Zhong has been connected with Si Zhong lately, and his thoughts have become more and more intense day by day, and he seems to be infinitely excited about the victory of the workers' and peasants' movements. Originally, for more than ten years in China, the current situation was too dull, and everyone was tired of it, thinking that a new situation would happen, thinking that it was better than the old days anyway, although most of the people who were very old were still like this, let alone the young people. So I don't think it's strange for you to change, Danshi's hope, I'm afraid it's still in vain. ”

"It's easy for me to get mistaken because I've always had that history ahead of me, let alone as the leader of the Progressive Party. In fact, I am the most disrespectful person, as long as someone can treat China n-ng well, I will never hesitate to express deep sympathy with him, and I never adopt the narrow-minded and jealous attitude of 'it is not good to do it yourself'. …… The root cause of China's disease today lies in turning the lowest strata of society over and holding the highest power. By the upper class and the lower class, I am not in terms of the rich and the poor, but in terms of human character. Poor and good people, of course we should welcome him to the extreme. Today, it is not the case, those who hold power are always the most vicious and sinister elements, in other words, robbers, thieves, sticks, hooligans, etc., all proud, and good people have become r-u. The list goes on and on, and I don't have the time to enumerate him. …… All in all, the so-called trade unions, peasant associations, etc., arbitrarily pronounce the death penalty of people all day long, and other confiscation of property is even more homely, and in this kind of meeting, it is completely used to report sī, but they are playing the banner of 'down with the local tyrants and inferior gentry', in fact, the local tyrants and inferior gentry have long been turned into party members, and the people they beat are just good people who do not tell them. ”

“…… Recently, the local warlords have been overwhelmed by the party, and Yijing has turned his face and declared that he is 'begging for red', and the degree of brutality is many times more severe than that in the north. At the same time, the so-called 'rightists' are also killed every day in the party's sphere of influence. (The first few pieces of paper were all written ten days ago, and now the situation is changing drastically every day, and it is a bit of nonsense.) According to reports from various quarters, in the last three weeks the two sides have fought each other, with the warlords killing the Cloth Party, and the Cloth Party killing the warlords -- a total of open killings and assassinations -- and almost thousands of people have been sent away, most of them pure youths. Pity these people who are so confused that they can't even report their accounts, and the ordinary good people are in the dead city, let alone le. It is especially shocking that the left and right factions within the party are also on fire, and there is a tendency for water and fire to be incompatible, and in order to achieve their own goals, they have separately colluded with local warlords, saying that although warlords are shameless, then this 'party lord' is still like an individual? If you know today, why bother in the first place? It can be seen that the so-called fighting for doctrine is a deceitful Raushzi, and now when the false face is revealed, it will be the original L-le"

“…… Siyong's letter said that he was very sympathetic to Bolshevism, and I couldn't help but be surprised, not because I was afraid that there would be party members in our family, but because I saw that a white youth like us Siyong would also fall into the **, that is, the youth of the whole country, and so on, I really couldn't help but be afraid of China's future, so I felt more and more that I had to make a fuss. Don't think that if I'm against communalism, I'm in favor of capitalism. I am more opposed to capitalism than the Brucellos. I have judged the modern economic pathology to be the same as the 'pulse theory' of communalism, but I am convinced that this disease cannot be cured by the dose of y-o of 'commons'. I am now prescribing another recipe (this recipe is the result of brainstorming within the Progressive Party, not something I came up with in a snap of my head), and this recipe may be taken by China first, and the disease will be cured, and in the future all Shijie will have to learn from us, and I have been following this formula for China since I became Prime Minister. Siyong is not an economics expert, of course, he will mistakenly think that poison Y-O is a good prescription, but domestic young people like Siyong rank 99% in the middle, so it is terrible. What I want to say is to give me a little more time, and when my prescription comes out to be effective, I will see how much I can recover. ”

Free China Magazine (October 1922): Hu Shih on "The Road to Serfdom":

“…… At that time, I had the same mistake as the people I was talking about (embracing social favoritism). Let me now quote one. During that time, I often said to my students: 'The tenets of the new religion of the eighteenth century were liberty, equality, and fraternity. The new religious creed after the mid-nineteenth century was socialistism. I spoke a lot to make this claim. Now that I think about it, there should have been a public confession. But what I repent of to you today is the mistake I made with many intellectuals at that time; At that time, a group of intellectuals always thought that the whole flow of social favoritism was certainly a trend in the future. I myself now cite my own evidence to make this confessional ......",

"The current proliferation of communitarianism can be said to be a lesson for our new class of public opinionists, what is the lesson? This can be divided into three layers: First, it is extremely easy to talk about a good 'ism', something that a cat and a dog can do, and something that a parrot and a gramophone machine can do. Second, it is useless to talk about imported 'isms'. All doctrines are the relief methods for the social needs of the society at a certain time and place. We don't go to the field to study what our society needs right now. How can a doctor who only remembers a lot of soup and songs and does not study the patient's symptoms? Third, it is very dangerous to be biased towards 'isms' on paper. This kind of mantra can easily be used by shameless people to do all kinds of harmful things, and Madame Roland once said, 'Freedom and freedom, all the evils in the world are done in your name,' and now we should wake up to the danger that all good doctrines are in danger."

"Because I deeply feel the danger of talking about doctrine, I still use an old saying from two years ago to advise the comrades in the new media circles: 'Please ask you to raise more questions and talk less about doctrines on paper.'

"There are so many problems that China should solve in a hurry. We don't study the livelihoods of workers, peasants, and traders, but we talk about social benevolence; Instead of studying how to liberate the nv's sons and how to save the family system, we talk about 'public wifeism' and free love; we don't study how the local warlords can be dissolved, and we don't study how to solve the problem of the economic gap between the North and the South, but we talk about anarchism; we still proudly boast that 'what we are talking about is a fundamental solution.'" "Honestly, this is a self-deceptive dream, now this dream Yijing let the blood soak le, wake up, save it"