The Soviet partisans grew stronger, and the entire Soviet state began to improve at the end of 1919 and began to aid the Far East. Pen @ fun @ pavilion wWw. ｂｉｑUｇE。 ｉｎｆｏ

Contradictions within the Allies also intensified, with Britain and the United States supporting Kolchak to establish an independent regime and contradictions with Semenov, who was supported by Japan. Japan, on the one hand, turned to recognize Kolchak, and on the other hand, did not want to leave Semenov.

In October, the Soviet Red Army began an offensive against the Anglo-American-backed Kolchak regime in Novosibirsk, driving Kolchak to Irkutsk and eliminating the bandit army by the end of 1919. In early 1920, the American intervention forces began to withdraw their troops from Siberia.

In the face of the grim situation, the Japanese army had to shrink its forces and shrink its defense area. In February 1920, the 14th Division of the Japanese Army abandoned the Amur Region. In the same year, it was decided to assemble troops from Transbaikal and Heilongjiang along the Middle Eastern Railway, in the Primorsky region and in Nikolaevsk (Temple Street).

Under the leadership of the Far Eastern Bureau of the Russian Communist Party, in February-March 1920, local governments with the participation of the Bolsheviks were established in Irkutsk, Ussuriysk, Hailandpao, Boli and Vladivostok. On April 6, the Soviet Far Eastern Republic was proclaimed in the Trans-Baikal region. This republic was an expedient measure of the CPSU.

At this time, the Far Eastern Republic had an army of 10,000 people, 13 artillery pieces, and 30 aircraft.

From April to May 1920, the Japanese and Soviet armies fought 19 times, and the Japanese troops dispatched as many as 2,000 troops and as few as 7 or 800 troops, and the main combat area was around Chita. In this operation, the Japanese army was at a disadvantage because the Soviet troops dispatched aircraft and mastered air supremacy.

The deterioration of the military situation of the Japanese army forced the Japanese army to start negotiations with the Far Eastern Republic, and it had to withdraw from the Zabaikal region in July.

In March 1920, in order to maintain the last base of aggression, the Japanese army created a pretext to disarm the government troops in Vladivostok and the Soviet troops in various parts of the Primorsky region. At the same time, the 11th, 9th, and 8th Divisions of the new force were transferred from the interior of Japan, and troops were sent to occupy Sakhalin Island under the pretext of the so-called Temple Street Incident.

In February 1922, the Soviet Far Eastern Republic occupied the transportation town of Boli and approached Vladivostok. The Japanese army began to withdraw from Binosu in August 1922, and by October 25, the Japanese army had evacuated Vladivostok and returned home from the sea. At this point, the Japanese army withdrew from the Soviet Far Eastern Continent and ended the large-scale military operation against the Soviet Union.

In September 1922, the Japanese army withdrew from Primorsky Prefecture and all areas opposite Sakhalin Island, but it was not until February 1925, after the restoration of diplomatic relations between Japan and the Soviet Union, that the Japanese army officially withdrew from Sakhalin Island in May. At this point, the armed intervention of Japanese militarism in the October Revolution of the Soviet Union ended in complete failure.

Japanese militarism sent troops to Soviet Russia in August 1918 to withdraw from Sakhalin Island in May 1925, which lasted nearly seven years. A total of 11 divisions were dispatched (the Japanese had a total of 21 divisions at the time), and the maximum number of troops in Siberia was 73,000. During the Japanese invasion of Siberia, more than 12,000 people died and more than 900 million yen was spent on military expenditure.

Zhang Yongxing: "Can you tell me why Japan lost that time?" ”

Shigeru Sawada: "The main reason is that later, we withdrew most of our troops, and we should use war to feed the war and consolidate the occupied areas. ”

Zhang Yongxing: "Have you ever thought about the role of the railway in failure? ”

Shigeru Sawada: "That time? Was it the Normenheim incident? ”

Zhang Yongxing smiled mysteriously.

Sawada Shigeru didn't answer and began to ponder.

After a while, Zhang Yongxing asked, "Is Semenov still in Lushun?" ”

Without waiting for him to answer, Zhang Yongxing left.

For several days in a row, Zhang Yongxing always discussed with several people the reasons for the two failures and the lessons learned. He doesn't debate at all, he just asks questions.

Not only a few high-ranking officers, but even ordinary junior officers were brought into thinking by Zhang Yongxing. By the time Zhang Yongxing had finished asking more than 20 questions, the captives seemed to have found the reason for the failure of the Normenhan incident, and they even thought of a battle plan.

The Japanese have been arguing for a long time about foreign aggression. They are arguing not about whether aggression should or shouldn't, but about the strategic direction of aggression. Ever since the victory in the Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War, they have not thought about the risk of aggression.

The debate on the strategic direction of aggression can be summed up as the controversy between the south and the north, which has been going on in Japan for a long time, and even the whole people have been involved in the controversy.

The southward march was based on China to conquer the South Seas and seize the abundant resources such as oil, rice, and minerals. The northward advance was also to use China as a springboard to occupy the Soviet Far East and seize its resources.

The northward advance was based on China, defeated the Soviet Union, and occupied the vast territory and endless resources of the Soviet Union.

The Emperor of Japan was sent south, the navy was south, and the army was north.

The southward advance would clash with the United States, Britain, France, and the Netherlands, while the northward advance would clash with the Soviet Union.

At that time, the Japanese did not think at all whether they should invade others or not, but analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the two strategies from a technical point of view. They don't analyze the essential shortcomings of a strategy. Otherwise, they would not have thought about it in World War II that they would be able to make fatal mistakes one after another.

These Japanese officers have been sleepless these days, and one by one they are tired and thin, and they are tortured to the point that they can't figure it out. Because they were given the freedom to visit each other, they talked and debated at will, and not only understood the reasons for the failure of the Nomenkan incident, but also formulated an unprecedentedly thorough, bold and prudent plan to realize the plan of the northward advance.

If the military department can give the Kwantung Army another chance, they will send a large number of White Russian spies, plus a large number of Japanese advance troops into the Soviet Union, sabotage the railways, and at the same time destroy the logistics of the Soviet Far East, plus the Japanese attack on the front, they will quickly capture the Soviet Far East.

Several Japanese officers even asked Zhang Yongxing about the details of the sabotage of the railway by the Northeast Democratic Alliance Army, apparently telling him how to fight.

Zhang Yongxing didn't hide it, touched his beard, and said two tactics. Speaking of happiness, he even said: Our Northeast Democratic Alliance Army, relying on this tactic and adding 10,000 or 20,000 troops, can defeat tens of thousands of your troops.

The Japanese officer was furious and asked him how to overcome.

Zhang Yongxing was rarely excited this time, and said, "Look, what's outside?" Bitter cold, heavy snowfall. It's almost February, and it's still minus 30 degrees in the mountains. Why am I not afraid that you will run away? How can an army, without food, without fuel, survive such a harsh winter! Let me tell you, all the railways and highways out of the Great Khing'an Mountains have been bombed, the Japanese troops in Hailar and Yakeshi have tried to get out, and a large number of troops have frozen to death on the road, and now, they have begun to eat the dead! ”

A Japanese officer said, "Impossible! We'll fix the railroad! ”

Zhang Yongxing said: "A railway has been bombed in forty or fifty places, how to repair it!" This place has just been repaired, and as soon as the people left, it was blown up, how to fix it! The entire cliff was blown up, how to repair it? How much does it cost? How many people are needed? How much time does it take? I need hundreds of people to repair more than a dozen catties of explosives for two people, can you afford to repair it? ”

A Japanese officer rushed up and was about to hit Zhang Yongxing, but was kicked down by the guard next to him. The guard was a Mongolian wrestler who didn't know Japanese, didn't understand Chinese. Seeing that the director angered the Japanese, he hurriedly took action. Take the opportunity to kick this Japanese: but let me seize the opportunity, don't beat you hard, and get angry, Lao Tzu is not Chinese.

Zhang Yongxing told the guards to stop and continued to hit them: "You Japanese fools. If we had half of your good equipment, we would be able to take down Moscow! ”

******

1. One of the achievements of the famous strategic intelligence scientist Yan Baohang is to obtain the final strategy of the Japanese army to advance southward.

3. On August 23, 1941, the Japanese High Command held a meeting in Tokyo and made a decision not to declare war on the Soviet Union this year. That is, the northward strategy was not adopted at that time. Sorge immediately reported to Moscow about the meeting. This has always been with Yan Baohang's intelligence. Stalin transferred about 250,000 men from 11 infantry divisions on the Eastern Front to fight on the Western Front to contain the German army under the city of Moscow.