Defense, a form of warfare, is by no means a simple shield, but a shield consisting of skillful strikes. Pen, Fun, and Pavilion www.biquge.info just defensive, I'm afraid it's too passive. If there is also an offensive in the defense, it means that the general strategy is to carry out a lasting defense on the inner front, and tactically to carry out a campaign or battle on the outer front......

In fact, Chen Wenqiang did not have such a sophisticated military opinion, but based on the difficulty of financial support, he proposed "self-reliance, local food, and war to feed the war." In order to achieve these goals, the strategy and tactics of the revolutionary army must be adjusted accordingly, but this is precisely in line with the above military theory.

Of course, in terms of military attainments, Wu Luzhen is much higher than Chen Wenqiang, but he has experienced orthodox military education, and the main consideration is how to achieve greater victories. In other words, he dabbled in guerrilla warfare, but preferred to fight regular wars, or big battles, hard battles. With the rapid expansion of the strength of the revolutionary army, this kind of thinking unconsciously took over.

This cannot be said that Chen Wenqiang is right, Wu Luzhen made a mistake, and it can only be said that there are differences in the thinking and focus of the two. Chen Wenqiang has more utilitarianism for fighting wars, which is also caused by the shortage of funds. At the same time, his desire for the success of the revolution was far less intense than that of the revolutionaries.

Therefore, in his subconscious, he will not hope to achieve a decisive victory through one or two big battles, but unconsciously relax the time and lengthen the battle line.

The success of the Xinhai Revolution was not accidental, right? Or is there an inevitability in chance? Chen Wenqiang is not absolutely sure, so he always feels that the time is not yet, and he must be patient to endure development, to make his strength stronger, and to accumulate more funds.

When Chen Wenqiang set off again and rushed to Guangzhou, the revolutionary army also received orders from the Qiongzhou General Staff.

"With no less than 2,000 troops, he moved into western and southwestern Yunnan. Rendezvous with the advancing detachment, take advantage of the enemy's emptiness to recover a large area, or force the enemy to divide his troops and then choose an opportunity to annihilate. Strive to stabilize the land in the center of Yibaoshan before the rainy season, and rely on self-reliance for local food......"

"In addition, the main force of the land detachment was transferred to the border area between Yunnan and Guizhou, forming a threat to Kunming or Qujing in the east. and wait for an opportunity to develop to Guizhou Province, or make the Yunnan-Guizhou communication arteries risk being cut off, forcing the enemy to divide his troops ......"

"If the Qing army in front of it attacks south, it can rely on danger to defend itself, or it can disrupt and continuously weaken its strength, the southern Yunnan Guangfu area can be defended or abandoned, and the staff of the southwest theater can ......choose according to the actual situation."

"The support of the General Headquarters will not be interrupted, but the Southwest Theater must resolutely implement the principle of 'using food on the spot to feed the war with war'. To take active action, the two major tasks of the military and the government must go hand in hand, and we must not relax our ......"

Strategy and tactics have shifted! After listening to the conveyance, almost everyone thinks like this. At the same time, they also heard clearly about the difficulties faced by the General Headquarters, and repeatedly stressed the need to be self-reliant, to provide food on the spot, and to feed the war with war.

"The negotiations with the corporation have not yet been finalized. Although the minimum requirements are met, even legal persons are prohibited from inflowing. The headquarters still has no strength to support more and more people of the revolutionary army. Zhang Ji, chief of administration of the military government, knew more in detail and said more clearly, "From two or three thousand people to the current thirteen or four thousand, it is difficult to rely on external support alone for a long time." Now the main force of the Qing army is in the north. Around Kunming, western and southwestern Yunnan are extremely empty. Moreover, the combat effectiveness of the patrol team is clearer in everyone's hearts. ”

"Two thousand men and horses, plus the three advance detachments that have been dispatched. More than 3,000 guns are enough to crisscross southwest and western Yunnan. If the enemy divides his forces, it is what we want. If we don't divide the army, then we will firmly occupy it, collect grain and taxes, and be self-sufficient. They also attacked cities and plundered land, and used captures to expand their men. Ge Zhichu, chief of the general staff, received Zhang Ji's signal, and then said: "If you attack the whole country in a corner, you must have a long-term plan, and it is impossible to defeat the Qing court through one or two decisive battles. ”

"From the beginning to the present, the name of the junta has been called, but there is no government." Zhang Ji smiled bitterly and said, "Although it is due to the situation, we don't pay attention to it. From now on, from the establishment of base areas in western and southwestern Yunnan, it will be necessary to operate like a government. It is necessary not only to have combat units, but also to have a garrison force to maintain local law and order. Only when the county government is in place, the township committee in the township, and the autonomous committee in the village can the political power be firmly controlled, and only then will the common people realize that the day has really changed, and they will not be in a hurry to pass by the revolutionary army. Chief of Staff Ge, announce the appointment of the headquarters! ”

Ge Zhichu nodded, and read aloud: "The Western Yunnan Military Division is subordinate to the Southwest Military Region; Commander Long Jiguang, Deputy Commanders Qiu Jingxia and Yang Wenkai; Chief of Staff Zong Shaohua, Deputy Chief of Staff Tao Xiong; It has jurisdiction over three field regiments and one military sub-district guard battalion......"

"Yunnan-Guizhou-Guizhou Military Division, subordinate to the Southwest Military Region; Commander Lu Rongting, Deputy Commander ......"

"Headquarters of the Southwest Military Region, Commander Liu Yongfu, Deputy Commander ......"

The more detailed appointments meant a realignment of the army after a substantial expansion, and the Southwestern Theater was geographically divided into three parts, but it was not an independent operation. Wang's detachment left a small number of men and horses to continue to rely on the 100,000 mountains to contain and harass the Qing army, and the main force was transferred back to the headquarters to strengthen the strength of the headquarters.

The two military sub-divisions each received 3,000 or 4,000 men, and the headquarters had as many as 5,000 or 6,000 men, so as to ensure as much as possible that it would serve as an intermediary link between the two military sub-divisions and that it would continue to exert pressure on legal persons. A large number of government personnel were assigned with the army to work in their respective areas of activity with the combat units.

The order of the headquarters was issued suddenly, and the troops moved quickly, and the revolutionary army that had gathered in southern Yunnan to confront the Qing army was divided into east and west, and only more than 2,000 men and horses were left in the headquarters. The main force of Wang's detachment is being ordered to turn back, and the headquarters will soon be replenished. The Qing army, on the other hand, was temporarily unaware of the actions of the revolutionary army.

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History has proven that a profound social change is inseparable from the participation and support of the broad masses of the people. Otherwise, it will not be possible to succeed in reform. The prerequisite for the participation of the broad masses of the people is that the people become the beneficiaries of the reform. Only in this way can reform become the conscious choice of all the people and be supported by them.

However, the new policy of the late Qing Dynasty did not do this, and the timing was not good, and the huge indemnity caused by Gengzi Nian weighed down the Qing court, and the large amount of funds needed to implement the new policy could only be taken from the people.

You need money to do everything! Take the training of the new army as an example. If it is estimated according to the plan for the compilation of the 36 towns, the annual budget of this piece will reach more than 50 million taels, and the financial revenue of the Qing court at that time was only a little more than 100 million taels.

As a result, except for the six towns of Beiyang that completed the training task according to the establishment, most of the other provinces reduced their plans, or they were simply in name only. The reason why the Beiyang New Army received financial support from the imperial court. The main reason is that they are responsible for guarding the capital division, and they can guarantee the funds by relying on the compulsory apportionment of the imperial court. For this reason, some people complained: "Levying the salary of the world and training a province is like a person who protects his heart alone, and listens to the slaughter of his limbs, and does not fail to establish the dead." ”

Surprisingly, in the first decade of the twentieth century, in the context of the Qing Dynasty's increasingly shrinking control and the intensifying crisis of its rule. It is a miracle that its financial revenue can still grow at a rate of tens of millions of taels per year.

Of course, the wool came out of the sheep, and in order to raise funds, the Qing court could only apportionment it downward, and those local governors also complained bitterly, and the top urged tightly, so they could only be transferred layer by layer. Squeeze from the greatest number of people. The system of cards, originally established to suppress the Taiping Army, was not abolished by the end of the war. On the contrary, more and more were levied, and the centigold became one of the major revenues in the late Qing Dynasty.

At that time, the Qing court and local governments added many new taxes in addition to the traditional taxes, such as grain donations, housing donations, new donations, school donations, shop donations, anointing donations, unified donations, apportionment donations, and so on, which were not available before.

Due to the increase in taxes. The common people are miserable. At that time, there were more and more popular uprisings caused by the implementation of the new policy and the increase in apportionment, and the people's dissatisfaction with the imperial court and the government was also increasing, such as the destruction of Li Ka, the rush of rice, the storming of newly established police stations, and even the destruction of new schools.

It may be too much to describe the last few years of the Qing Dynasty as boiling public resentment, but the broad masses of the people have indeed lost their affection for this gradually weakening authoritarian court. If someone were going to tear down this rotten tree. They are happy to see it happen, and they will even come forward to help.

This is the reason why the revolutionary army, and even the League, were able to gather and expand rapidly in response to the uprising. Although it is not excluded that the role of the party will be held, and it is not excluded that the people involved have the mentality of taking advantage of the fire to loot and join in the fun, the long-term dissatisfaction with the government needs a channel to vent, which is also the main reason.

In layman's terms, it means that the marginalized groups that have been suppressed for a long time have the desire to turn around and have the desire to struggle, but they do not have the ability to govern and the spirit of compromise. And when society inevitably goes into turmoil, riots can erupt. It's like the stage has been set up, just waiting for the coincidental person to appear.

On the other hand, the revolutionary parties of the Revival Society and the League are the ones who want to appear on the stage and perform on the stage of history. Obviously, the revival will be more glamorous, more proficient in singing, chanting, and playing, and will be better performed, and will receive more applause.

Chen Wenqiang has personal experience of this. When he arrived in Guangzhou, he first came to the Guangdong branch of the Guangdong-Hanzhou Railway to check the progress of the project and convene a board meeting. Although telegraph contact continued during his absence, a more detailed understanding was lacking.

To Chen Wenqiang's gratification, the construction of the Guangdong section of the Guangdong-Hanzhou Railway was still relatively normal, and the progress of the project was not greatly affected by the war in Guangxi. From casual conversations with the directors, Chen Wenqiang knew that they still had misgivings, but the discipline and actions of the revolutionary army, as well as the propaganda of the mouthpiece of the Revival Society, still played a big role.

On the contrary, the recent uprisings in Huanggang and Qinuhu were not highly evaluated, and they were even happy that the officers and soldiers were able to quell the riots.

If you think about it carefully, it is normal that Yuelu is "all commercial stocks", and these major shareholders and directors are all big businessmen, and they may participate in some fierce boycotts in order to protect their own interests through publicity and incentives. But after all, he has a net worth and is afraid of social unrest. The business community may have sympathized with the revolutionaries, but they are all afraid of the party and the green forest, and they will not establish contact with these disorderly groups.

At present, Guangdong Road goes north to the mouth of the Pajiang River in the north of the provincial capital, because it is a section with better road construction conditions, so the 85 kilometers of this section have been completed. In other words, more than one-third of the Guangdong section of the Guangdong-Hanzhou Railway, which is more than 200 kilometers long, has been completed.

Judging from the design and construction of the entire Guangdong-Hanzhou Railway, the Guangdong section, the Hubei section, and even most of the Hunan section are not very difficult, and the most difficult should be the middle section, which is more than 400 kilometers from Zhuzhou to Shaoguan. Through the mountains and mountains, there are too many stretches, too large elevations, and many tunnels, which is a headache.

"It's very gratifying to raise funds!" Chen Wenqiang still has to wait for the final survey and design results of the Shaozhu section for the time being, and he is indeed relieved by the amount of fundraising from the Guangzhou branch.

Guangdong businessmen and ordinary people have enthusiastically attached shares, and half of the funds for road construction have been raised, and they are planning to open the second phase of the fundraising. The reason is very simple, the hope of profit comes from the continuous refresh of the progress of the project. The business circles in Guangdong have not only patriotic enthusiasm for the construction of Guangdong roads, but also the strength and ability to raise road funds.

What the Guangdong Railway Company lacked in the past was how to manage such a large company, how to hire qualified engineers and technicians, how to coordinate the relationship between management and shareholders, and how to organize and manage the construction. These problems have basically been solved by Chen Wenqiang, and it can be said that there are not many difficulties left in building railways. As for the engineering and technical issues, there are naturally professionals to deal with them, and shareholders only need to sit and wait for the profits. But the hope of this profit now seems to be getting bigger and bigger, and it is getting closer and closer.

"Funding is not a big problem, as long as there is great hope for the railway to be completed, Guangdong businessmen will enthusiastically attach shares and gather huge sums in an instant." Director Huang Jingtang acted more radically, but he was a figure who had a lot to do with Guangdong's railway industry, and his father had invested in the Chaoshan Railway. ”

"What do you think Brother Huang thinks?" Chen Wenqiang felt that Huang Jingtang had something to say, so he struggled to find out the clues from the information about the railway, and carefully examined and explored.

"That's ......"

Huang Jingtang is not only a director of the railway company, but also the director of the Guangzhou Chamber of Commerce (i.e., the person in charge of handling the internal affairs of the chamber of commerce). At first, he was very active in assisting the president and vice president to preside over the affairs of the conference, but later he felt that the general chamber of commerce was controlled by some old-fashioned gentry and businessmen, relying on the power of the government, ignoring the interests of the business community, and seeking personal benefits from it. Therefore, he wanted to be unique, and he made extensive contacts with some businessmen with knowledge, new ideas, and fairness, and reorganized and established a "Cantonese Merchants' Autonomous Association."

…………… (To be continued.) )