Heng Tan opened his mouth to speak, it turned out that this Jia Rang was not an ancient, and he was a minister of the same dynasty as Wang Yi, and he died a few years ago. Pen % fun % Pavilion www.biquge.info

More than ten years ago, the Yellow River broke frequently, and the imperial court solicited a plan to control the river. In the second year of Suihe (7 BC), Jia Rang wrote to the imperial court and put forward his own views on river governance.

First of all, he analyzed the basic situation of the Yellow River.

In ancient times, when establishing a country, stabilizing the people, and dividing the land, it was necessary to leave the distribution of rivers and lakes, estimate the places that the water potential could not reach, and leave enough space for large waters. Large rivers do not have embankments, but small rivers and streams can flow in, and in low-lying places, lakes and ponds are naturally formed where large rivers flow, and when there is a lot of rain in autumn, the excess water can be stored in the lakes. The water surface is wide, and the current is slow and not urgent.

If there is a river on the earth, it is like a man who has a mouth, and he builds an embankment of earth and stone to stop the river, just as he stops a child from crying. Although the crying soon stopped, the child's death also came. Therefore, it is said: "Those who are good at managing the rivers should open their mouths so that they can channel them, and those who are good at governing the people should let them speak freely." ”

The construction of embankments and waterproofing originated in the Warring States period. At that time, waterproof embankments were built on each river to protect against all kinds of floods. But each country is defending itself. The states of Qi and Zhao and Wei were bordered by the Yellow River. Zhao and Wei were backed by mountains, and the terrain of Qi was very low, so a levee was built twenty-five miles away from the river. When the river flowed eastward to Qi Dike, it was blocked back and flooded westward across the border of Zhao and Wei. Zhao Weiguo also built an embankment, twenty-five miles away from the river. It's not a great solution, but there's plenty of room for the Yellow River to wander back and forth, sometimes one way and sometimes there.

Everywhere the water was silted up into a good field, on which the people could cultivate, or if there was no great water flowing for a long time, houses were built and great courtyards were built. When the flood came, it was submerged. He rebuilt the embankment to save himself, and it was not far from the city. Drain the water out and live here again, and the flood is a matter of course.

Now the narrow part of the embankment is only a few hundred steps from the water, and it is several miles away. Near the former Dajin Causeway in the south of Liyang, it winds from the west of the Yellow River to the northwest, and after reaching the south end of Xishan, it turns to the east and connects with Dongshan. The people lived on the east side of the Jindi, built houses, and often rebuilt the embankment for more than ten years, and went straight south from the south end of Dongshan to join the old embankment. In addition, there is a lake in the territory of Neihuang, a radius of dozens of miles, there is an embankment around the lake, often more than ten years too shou will distribute part of the land to the people, and the people are now building houses in it.

There are also several old embankments in Hakuba, Donggun, and the people live in them. After walking north from Liyang to the Wei realm, the old embankment is dozens of miles away from the Yellow River, and there are several embankments in it, which were built by the previous generation. The Yellow River runs north from Hanoi to Liyang as a stone embankment, and the water beats the stones to make it eastward to Binh Gang in Dong County; He also built a stone embankment to make the water flow northwest to Liyang and Guanxian; and built a stone embankment to make the water flow northeast to the north of the Dongjun ferry; rebuild a stone embankment so that it will reach Zhaoyang in Wei County to the northwest; A stone embankment was built again, and the water flowed to the northeast. For more than 100 miles, the Yellow River went west twice and eastward three times, so tortuous that it could not rest in peace.

In view of the current situation, Jia Rang's best strategy was to move the people of the Jizhou area (now northeastern Henan and southern Hebei) from the main water routes, open the breach of the shelter pavilion in Liyang (now Junxian County, Henan), and release the water of the Yellow River to make it flow north into the sea. The Yellow River faces the mountains in the west and the Jindi in the east, so the Yellow River will not flood for a long time, and it will naturally settle down in about a month.

Some people may say, "If this is the case, tens of thousands of castle and field tombs will be damaged, and the people will be resentful." "In the past, Dayu ruled the water, and the mountains and tombs blocked the waterway to destroy it, so they chiseled open the dragon gate, opened up Yique, split the bottom pillar, broke the stone, and destroyed the characteristics of heaven and earth. This is formed by human power, and what is there to say!

At present, the ten counties near the Yellow River have spent nearly 100 million yuan on the cost of embankment control, and as for the large breaches, countless have been destroyed. If you spend a few years to manage the Yellow River to settle the people who have been relocated, follow the methods of the ancient sages to determine the location of the mountains and rivers, so that the gods and men will be in their own places and will not disturb each other. Besides, with the Han Dynasty just ruling thousands of miles of rivers and mountains, will it compete with the water for land? Once this meritorious cause is established, the Yellow River will be stable, the people will be peaceful, and there will be no worries for thousands of years, so it is called the best policy.

When Heng Tan said this, Jiang Hexing asked: "Mr. Heng, what do you think of this Jia Rang's strategy?" ”

Heng Tan said: "I don't know much about these, but in history, after Dayu controlled the water, the Yellow River was not much flooded, and I heard that the Yellow River was diverted in the 5th year of King Zhou Ding. Later, there should have been a lot of minor water damage, but there are not many records. Since the Qin and Han dynasties, the Yellow River disaster has begun to increase, and it has hardly stopped. ”

Jiang Hexing asked, "Why is that?" ”

Heng Tan said: "I think it is related to Qin Shi Huang's repair of the Golden Embankment. ”

Jiang Hexingdao: "Could it be that after the construction of the golden embankment, there are more and more floods?" ”

Heng Tan said: "Historical records are like this, I wanted to control the river, but it turned out to be more and more harmful. After King Zhou Ding, the Yellow River was in great danger. Even during the Warring States period, there were constant wars, but there were no major disasters in the Yellow River. Qin Shi Huang ruled the world and vigorously built the golden embankment, and since then, the Yellow River has begun to have many disasters. ”

Heng Tan said this, and in the hall, there was a lot of discussion again. In particular, Jia Rang's opposition to the construction of embankments and his demand that the Yellow River be given enough space to choose its own course of course has been frequently raised.

At this time, Wang Yi spoke: "Heng Tan is right, since the Han Dynasty, the Yellow River has been flooded. To be honest, I don't understand why building an embankment is more harmful, and there was no big disaster without it before. ”

Heng Tan said: "People want the way of water, and water wants people's lives." In my opinion, Jia Rang's best strategy for water control is mainly to leave enough space for water, and people should not grab waterways, and people should not occupy the water land.

The construction of the embankment began during the Warring States period, not to control the water, but to prepare for it. You see, at that time, the Qi State was building embankments in the east and forcing the Yellow River to the borders of Wei and Zhao, and they also had to build embankments along the river.

Because it is the border of the two sides, they are hostile to each other, so the embankment built is far away from the Yellow River, and the Yellow River waterway has ample space in it. There are not many people living on the border. Therefore, there are no major problems with the Yellow River.

On the contrary, after the unification of the country, the Yellow River happened to silt up into fertile fields here, and people lived here, so that the embankment became narrower and narrower. Although the embankment is getting thicker and stronger. However, when the water is strong, there are always weaknesses in the embankment, and since then the floods have never stopped, and the major disasters and small disasters have never stopped. In particular, once the water bursts the embankment, the damage is much greater than that of ordinary floods. ”

Jiang Hexing secretly thought, maybe this Jia Rang strategy really makes sense, he doesn't know much about water, but listening to Heng Tan say this, judging from historical records, that is, the more the embankment is repaired, the embankment is piped for a period of time, and there will be a big flood behind. However, it is interesting to build an embankment in the Warring States period, the embankment is so wide that the two sides are combined, leaving the Yellow River with fifty or sixty miles of waterways, and the Yellow River has been safe for hundreds of years.

Jiang Hexing poked Wang Yi beside him and said: "Da Sikong, if Jia Rang's policy is really effective, according to what he said, it is said that the Yellow River problem can be solved once and for all." ”

Wang Yi waved his hand and said, "There is no need to talk about the best policy, let's listen to his middle and bottom strategies, right?" ”

Jiang Hexing was very puzzled and asked, "Why, if this method is useful, why can't it be used?" ”

Wang Yi slapped the table and looked at Jiang Hexing with some anger: "Do you know where our Wang family's ancestral grave is?" My family's ancestral grave is in Yuancheng (now Daming County, Hebei), how can I let the Yellow River flow from here? ”

Jiang Hexing saw that Wang Yi was like this, so Wang Mang didn't need to ask, let Heng Tan introduce the middle and lower strategies. (To be continued.) )