In all fairness, the silkworm cooperation agreement between the Jiangsu government and the People's Party is China's second real cooperation agreement on modern agricultural science and technology. The first is the agreement signed between Beiyang and the United States to introduce American long-staple cotton. The introduction of large-scale cultivation of American long-staple cotton in Hebei and Shandong, and the sale of cotton to textile mills in Tianjin and Qingdao is a real achievement of Beiyang.

In terms of silkworm cooperation, Wang Youhong took out three counties near Nanjing as pilots. In all three counties, all the BJP silkworm seeds must be purchased and the breeding methods provided by the BJP must be used. Jiangsu also had to pay for the purchase of silk reeling equipment produced by the People's Party. In the next four years, Jiangsu will only be able to buy silk reeling equipment sold by the People's Party. The People's Party assured that the price of silk reeling equipment would not be more expensive than that of other merchants. In terms of acquisitions, the BJP buys raw silk at a fixed price. Prices are negotiable on a quarterly basis.

In terms of payment, the cost of silkworm seeds, technology, and silk reeling equipment will be deducted directly from them after the delivery of the spring cocoons in the spring of 1911. In the name of the government, Jiangsu applied for a low-interest loan of 5 percent per annum from a commercial bank of the People's Party. It is used to purchase the BJP's scientific and technological services and equipment.

The risk of defaulting on the debt fell on the government, and although the gentry still felt uneasy, at least they did not have to pay extra money in the early stage, and the interest on this loan of the People's Party was really low enough. For the mulberry sericulture industry, the monthly interest rate of two and a half is considered a conscience price. That is, 2.5% interest must be paid every month. If it weren't for an acquaintance as a guarantee, no one would lend you money for nothing. The annual interest rate of the BJP is only 5%, and there is no difference in this vain.

It's just that the style of the People's Party is very different, and they demand that Jiangsu come up with a timetable. On a daily basis, the Jiangsu side must list in detail where things have progressed. Wang Youhong agreed, and he asked the People's Party to send a set of silk reeling equipment as soon as possible.

The gentry were very supportive of this, and after the People's Party's silk reeling equipment was delivered, Jiangsu could immediately reel this year's cocoons. Since these are now free, both short and long filaments can be sold at a low price immediately after reeling. This can always recover the economic damage of the previous year to a certain extent.

As soon as the agreement was reached, the representatives of the People's Party left for Wuhan. Wang Youhong convened a meeting of the legislators. This contract is not harsh, especially when it comes to money. Jiangsu can even be said to have caught a lot. If the people's party's silk reeling equipment can be transported, Jiangsu can even be said to have earned it. Just thinking about using it for nothing for a year before paying for it, Jiangsu parliamentarians are full of excitement. Parliamentarians have demanded that once the silk reeling factory is started, it will give priority to solving its own cocoons.

In the midst of the dispute, the gentry in the three pilot counties designated by Wang Youhong were a little uneasy. These three counties are close to Nanjing, and Wang Youhong must force them to implement the "rural land cooperatives"; everyone cannot see what benefits this new model will have in the future, and the thing at hand is that Wang Youhong must determine the area of the land, and after determining the land, it is necessary to determine the amount of taxes. With the tyrannical expropriation at the end of the Qing Dynasty, this is equivalent to putting a noose around the necks of the gentry and people in these three counties, and Wang Youhong will use force casually, and these people will roll their eyes. But at this time, the gentry in other regions were waiting for the agreement to be reached to recover their losses, and the gentry in these three counties were "helpless".

"Ladies and gentlemen, I'll get to the bottom of it first. The Jiangsu government is definitely not the People's Party, and it definitely does not want everyone's land. However, the People's Party is the best at taking advantage of other people's suffering, and everyone in Anhui, Hubei, and northern Jiangsu has heard a lot of news. If we get into chaos in southern Jiangsu by ourselves, and the People's Party takes advantage of the situation at that time, do you think everyone's land can be kept at that time? If we in Jiangsu can't cooperate sincerely, not to mention the People's Party, it is the third town of Duan Dashuai's new army in Zhejiang next door, is it easy to deal with? "Wang Youhong is not tempting, just coercing.

Hearing this, all the Jiangsu gentry who were originally excited or uneasy shivered. Needless to say, the People's Party naturally mentioned that Duan Qirui of the Third Town of the Beiyang New Army garrisoned Zhejiang, and for more than a year, he made a good name for "rampant conquest and tyranny" in Zhejiang. The People's Party is the enemy of the Jiangsu gentry, but Beiyang is definitely not a friend of the Jiangsu gentry. There are wolves in front and tigers in the back, and the only one who can rely on is this Governor Wang Youhong who dares to negotiate with the People's Party. In any case, Jiangsu still has the army of Governor Wang Youhong, and there is also Governor Wang Youhong who is willing to work for the welfare of the gentry in Jiangsu. If someone else rules Jiangsu, God knows how far the gentry will fall.

Thinking of this, the gentry of Jiangsu finally cheered up and began to discuss the issue of "rural land society" with Wang Youhong.

"Ahh Duan Qirui sneezed. Rubbing his nose, Duan Dashuai took a sip of Hangzhou's Longjing tea. Duan Dashuai didn't believe in telepathy very much, so even if he knew that the Jiangsu gentry were speaking ill of themselves under the leadership of Wang Youhong, the governor of Jiangsu, he would not associate these bad words with this sneeze. Compared with the Jiangsu gentry, the total amount of bad words scolding Duan Qirui behind the back of the Zhejiang gentry is only a hundred times that of Jiangsu.

Since its invasion of Zhejiang in 1909, the Third Town of the New Army has quickly recovered its vitality thanks to tax revenues. However, geographically, the third town can be said to be isolated from the Beiyang sphere of influence. If you want to return to the northern territory, you have to go overland through Jiangsu and the newly built "Huaihai Province" of the People's Party. Neither of these was easy to deal with, especially since Duan Qirui was once stationed in Xuzhou, the current capital of Huaihai Province, and he knew that if he wanted to pass through Xuzhou, he would have to engage in a field battle with the People's Party. When the strength of the People's Party was "weak", the Third Town could be completely annihilated, and now that the People's Party has become a wing, the Third Town will deliver meat to the door.

The sea route was okay, and the fleet under the command of Sa Zhenbing, the naval minister of the Beiyang government, cruised between Tianjin and Zhejiang. The People's Party now only has a port called Lianyungang, and it does not have any open sea fleet, which is the only military force in Beiyang that can suppress the People's Party.

Duan Qirui originally thought that he had captured Zhejiang, and then he could strengthen the military strength of the third town and threaten the southeast of Anhui. But the change in the situation is really jaw-dropping. The People's Party, which originally had a life-and-death relationship with Beiyang, actually reached an agreement with Lord Yuan. The two actually formed a new alliance with the Manchu clan as their common enemy. Duan Qirui's task actually became to control Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and then plot against Shanghai. Shanghai is now the largest source of input for the customs. controlled Shanghai, which Yuan Shikai had been unable to fully intervene in, and Beiyang got the most stable financial resources.

However, the British in Shanghai were very tricky, since the Manchu Qing had effectively collapsed. And Duan Qirui also got the official title of governor of Zhejiang, and then began to get involved in Shanghai. The British side negotiated privately with other countries and reached an agreement "not to pay customs taxes to the Beiyang Cabinet Government for the time being until the end of the Chinese civil war." ”

After Duan Qirui controlled Shanghai to a certain extent, the news he brought back gave Yuan Shikai a headache, and he couldn't say bluntly now, "We have an agreement with the People's Party!" Hand over Lao Tzu's money! ”

If he said so, Yuan Shikai would become the biggest laughing stock. Now, no matter what, Yuan Shikai is still a "loyal minister" of the Manchu Qing and a deputy prime minister of the Manchu cabinet. This must continue to be the case. It was not until the official convening of the National Assembly in 1911 that the death sentence of the Manchus was pronounced.

Wang Shizhen once again expressed in his letter to Duan Qirui that he hoped that Duan Qirui could persuade Yuan Shikai to retain the nominal existence of the Manchu Qing no matter what. After the British made this request, Wang Shizhen never mentioned the matter again. Duan Qirui has a good relationship with Wang Shizhen, and he can fully imagine the situation that Wang Shizhen's brother is facing. The People's Party is doomed to be wiped out. And Beiyang moved his fingers, and the Manchu Qing could be finished. The Beiyang Cabinet is now under tremendous economic pressure, and in such a situation, no one in the Beiyang Cabinet will agree to any attempt to nominally maintain the existence of the Manchus.

For example, when Liang Qichao, a die-hard royalist, first joined the Beiyang cabinet, he once vigorously promoted the benefits of a constitutional monarchy. Now I don't hear him anymore. In the face of financial problems, any name has to be compromised.

Like Jiangsu, Zhejiang's mulberry sericulture has also been greatly impacted this year, with no one buying silkworm cocoons and silkworm farmers going bankrupt. Wang Youhong can still cooperate and fight with the Jiangsu Parliament. Duan Qirui was an outsider, and in order to rebuild the third town of the New Army, he hugged him wildly. The gentry didn't believe that Duan Qirui could help them solve their problems at all. Moreover, Duan Qirui is a soldier and does not understand these business problems. The two sides talked several times, but nothing came of it. Until August 1910, the gentry couldn't stand it anymore and asked to see Duan Qirui again.

However, this time it was not the gentry who took the lead, but Cai Yuanpei, the president of the Restoration Association in southern Zhejiang. Beiyang drew southern Zhejiang to the Guangfu Society, and agreed on a one-year appointment, and now the time is almost up. Regarding Cai Yuanpei's visit, Duan Qirui was very vigilant. The recent movement of the Liberation Society is very subtle, not only in southern Zhejiang, but also in the western part of the country. Duan Qirui is very good at distinguishing priorities, and his energy is spent on seizing control of Shanghai. Even if he knew that the small team of the Liberation Society was active in western Zhejiang, Duan Qirui didn't see it before he had to do it.

After the two sides greeted each other, Cai Yuanpei asked, "Lord Duan, you are knowledgeable, you should have heard of Sun Wen." ”

"Hmm." Duan Qirui snorted with his nose. Sun Wen, a revolutionary who used to have a bit of fame, once participated in the formation of the revolutionary party of the League. The Restoration Society led by Cai Yuanpei once joined the Alliance. Duan Qirui is still very clear about these basic facts. However, since the rise of the People's Party, the League has gradually faded out of the chaotic stage of the late Qing Dynasty. At least Duan Qirui hadn't heard of Sun Wen for a long time.

Hearing Cai Yuanpei mention this person, Duan Qirui replied flatly: "I heard that this person is in Japan." I think I'm very familiar with Mr. Cai. ”

Cai Yuanpei nodded very seriously, "It's really familiar." Recently, Mr. Sun founded the doctrine of "Three Peoples Zhuyi", and I would like to ask Master Duan to take a look. ”

Duan Qirui frowned slightly, he was busy now, where did he have time to watch such boring political propaganda. Looking at Cai Yuanpei's enthusiastic expression, Duan Qirui asked: "Mr. Cai, whether it is the righteousness of the three peoples or the peopleism, it is all the same saying. Mr. Cai is a celebrity, didn't he want to come to me to talk about it? ”

Cai Yuanpei originally just wanted to use this matter as an excuse, but he never expected Duan Qirui to be so straight to the point, but this was already opened, and he knew that Duan Qirui would never be interested in Sanmin Zhuyi. After settling down, Cai Yuanpei said: "Lord Duan, I look at the constitution of the Congress, and the parliament must be elected next year, and the Manchu Qing Dynasty was overthrown at that time, but I don't know what Lord Duan is going to do?" ”

Duan Qirui sneered, "Whether it is to overthrow the Manchu Qing or not, it is not up to you and me to have the final say." I knew that Mr. Cai was committed to overthrowing the Manchus, but Duan was only at the disposal of Yuan Gong. Mr. Cai came to me to discuss this matter, but I was afraid that he had found the wrong person. ”

was given two nails by Duan Qirui in a row, but Cai Yuanpei was not discouraged at all, on the contrary, in such a situation of unhappy discussions, Duan Qirui had not sent off the guests, Cai Yuanpei knew that Duan Qirui still needed his own. After straightening out his thoughts, Cai Yuanpei said: "Duan Gong, since all provinces will elect parliamentarians next year, I don't know what Duan Gong's plans are for this matter?" ”

Cai Yuanpei pointed out that Duan Qirui's heart disease, he is now called the governor of Zhejiang, but all parts of Zhejiang are falling apart, there are foreigners outside, hostile gentry inside, and even armed forces such as the Restoration Society. Duan Qirui has absolutely no way to form a council according to the locality, and now that there are enemies everywhere, it is simply unpleasant to form a council. Duan Qirui had actually been waiting for these local snakes to take the initiative to bow down at his door, and then try to form an obedient council on the basis of at least after eliminating the hostility. But now the local gentry either only think of their own interests, or they do not react at all. If it weren't for this, Duan Qirui would never have said this to Cai Yuanpei.

"Did Mr. Cai come to me to talk about the council?" Duan Qirui pretended to have just understood.

"Duan Gong, you are a smart person. I don't want to blackmail Duan Gong, nor do I want to pretend that we have no idea about the affairs of the Zhejiang Council. If Duan Gong wants to form the Zhejiang Council, we are willing to work with Duan Gong to handle the affairs of the Zhejiang Council. Otherwise, Zhejiang is in a mess now, what will it be? Cai Yuanpei said very clearly.

Hearing this ambitious words, Duan Qirui narrowed his eyes slightly, Yuan Shikai didn't let Duan Qirui sweep Zhejiang with strong means, Duan Qirui once felt that Yuan Shikai was too careful. After working in Zhejiang for more than a year, he had to admit that Yuan Shikai was indeed prescient. The folk customs in the south of the Yangtze River are indeed very different from those in the north. It may be a problem of the personality of the northerners, and the local forces in the north are tougher, either working hard with you, or they are more comfortable cooperating with Beiyang. In Zhejiang, the local government maintains a delicate relationship with the government, even in the face of the third town of the Beiyang New Army, which is an outsider, Zhejiang can maintain a superficial relationship.

However, there is absolutely no cooperation between the two sides, and the third town of the reorganized New Army has only 10,000 troops, although it has also obtained some local officials, but the term "white-eyed wolf" to describe these new local officials is completely insufficient to describe the degree of hatefulness. They are a combination of greedy people and incompetent people, and it can be said that most of Duan Qirui's reputation has been ruined by these new officials.

After brewing for a while, Duan Qirui said: "Does Mr. Cai want to meddle in the whole of Zhejiang?" ”

Cai Yuanpei replied calmly: "It's not to meddle, but to form a new government in Zhejiang with Duan Gong." Duan Gong, the current situation has reached such a point, and our Restoration Society also accepts Yuan Gong's affection. If the previous things were entangled, it would only make Zhejiang more and more chaotic. What's in it for Duan Gong. The Restoration Society is willing to support Duan Gong to sit firmly in Zhejiang, but the Liberation Society only needs one thing, in next year's Congress, Zhejiang parliamentarians must vote to overthrow the Manchu Qing. ”

Regarding the fall of the Manchu Dynasty, Duan Qirui had long known that it was only a matter of time, and if Beiyang could not get tariffs, then he would definitely overthrow the Manchu Dynasty. These face-saving efforts are not a problem, the only question is how these parliamentarians can support Duan Qirui and support Beiyang. For the treacherous gentry in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, Duan Qirui really felt that he couldn't cope with it. The use of force can extort property and collect taxes. However, once the parliament is established, Duan Qirui will inevitably decentralize power to the parliament. At that time, Duan Qirui couldn't use the army to coerce the parliamentarians to be obedient, right?

Seeing that Duan Qirui already had plans to cooperate, Cai Yuanpei took out something, "Duan Gong, here is the manuscript of "Three People's Zhuyi" written by Mr. Sun Wen, which has a lot of ideas about the formation of the government. Duan Gong might as well take a look and talk about it. ”

Duan Qirui is not unconcerned about political trends, he often corresponds with Wang Shizhen, and discusses the current political structure of the world. In terms of political construction alone, the People's Party undoubtedly deserves to be the first. Having completely destroyed the old system, the BJP built up their organization with an astonishing pace.

It can be said that Wang Youhong of Jiangsu is the next second, after the People's Party conquered northern Jiangsu, Duan Qirui did not believe that the People's Party would abide by the agreement with Yuan Shikai and keep southern Jiangsu. As a result, the BJP did abide by the agreement. Wang Youhong stepped onto the political stage in southern Jiangsu as the heir of Zhang Xun, a pioneer of constitutional government. I have maintained the Jiangsu Council until now. It can be regarded as going through ups and downs.

Wang Shizhen believes that these people have their own political programs, and they can form a government according to a set of models. The model of Beiyang is very simple, it is a change in the Manchu Qing Dynasty. However, Beiyang has always attached great importance to industry and commerce, and to the opening of banks. In the north, Yuan Shikai has ordered people to open several industrial banks and invest in local industry and commerce, but it has also achieved some results.

Zhejiang is isolated outside the Beiyang, and it is impossible to completely imitate the model of the Beiyang. Even economically integrated with Beiyang can't do it. Duan Qirui intuitively felt that he was now responsible for Beiyang, and he could only create Duan Qirui's own Zhejiang model. In the end, Duan Qirui had no clue what mode to choose.

Looking at the manuscript of "Three Peoples Zhuyi" enthusiastically introduced by Cai Yuanpei, Duan Qirui wanted to learn from it even if he knew that this was a trap. After struggling for a while, Duan Qirui took the manuscript.

Duan Qirui finally took over the manuscript, and Cai Yuanpei breathed a sigh of relief in his heart. Since 1905, the rapid changes in the revolutionary situation have made Cai Yuanpei jaw-dropping. As a well-known scholar, Cai Yuanpei firmly believes that action is important, but theory is more important. Looking at the revolutionary party that really aimed to overthrow the Manchu Qing Dynasty at that time, Sun Yat-sen was already the person who could come up with the most theoretical foundation. Cai Yuanpei was willing to leave the Restoration Society for a while and discuss with Sun Yat-sen, in order to appreciate and support Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary theory.

Chen Ke, a young man, was not in Cai Yuanpei's eyes at all. Not to mention that Chen Ke himself did not devote himself to the Restoration Society at all, but single-handedly set up his own revolutionary organization in Shanghai. is such a penniless young man who sold a watch to Qiu Jin in exchange for dozens of taels of silver. The opening was dyeing cloth and making medicines, and then the school was set up and a political party was formed. Worship Yan Fu as a teacher again, go to Beijing to see the world, and then suddenly rise in the flood in Anhui.

When Cai Yuanpei turned his gaze back to Chen Ke, he saw the People's Party rise violently. It has the appearance of sweeping the world. Tao Chengzhang, Qiu Jin, Xu Xilin and others, who maintained cooperation with the People's Party, although they suffered repeated setbacks, they also made meritorious contributions after leading the Liberation Society to break away from the League. Huang Xing and Song Jiaoren broke away from the League in 1908 and took with them the members of the Hunan Huaxing Association, who were the backbone. The League, which had been in the leading position of the revolution, collapsed so quickly without any foreign enemy attack.

In such a situation, Sun Yat-sen was not depressed. On the contrary, he immersed himself in books and theories, trying to establish a revolutionary theory that could confront the BJP. Cai Yuanpei felt that he couldn't help, so he returned to Zhejiang. However, it happened that Duan Qirui led the third town of Beiyang to enter Zhejiang, which dealt a heavy blow to the Guangfu Society led by Tao Chengzhang, Qiu Jin and others. Hearing Chen Kechuan's words, Cai Yuanpei went to Yuan Shikai to negotiate with the determination to die. But he didn't expect Yuan Shikai to give the Restoration Society space to exist.

The Restoration Society survived the catastrophe, but the change in the situation gave the Alliance the final blow. Yuan Shikai and the People's Party abruptly broke away from the military confrontation, returned to Beijing to seize the central power, and at the same time opened the National Assembly. At this time, the various factions that had been making a revolution in Japan, as well as the revolutionary youth, saw the dawn of a republican constitutionalism, and they no longer cared about the League. Either they lean towards the constitution of the monarchy that has been effectively established, or they simply return to China and go to Beiyang to try to realize their political ambitions.

Cai Yuanpei got the news from Japan that the alliance had existed in name only. All the internal factions returned home and participated in the contest for the provincial parliaments. Those who still clinged to the League were only Sun Yat-sen, Chen Qimei, and a small number of revolutionary youths in the north headed by Wang Jingwei.

Just when he was in a hurry, Sun Yat-sen suddenly gave Cai Yuanpei, the revolutionary program and political design trustee of the finally completed "Three People's Zhuyi". At first glance, Cai Yuanpei was determined to use this program to build a brand-new Zhejiang.

During his time in southern Zhejiang, Cai Yuanpei also studied many programs put forward by various political factions in China. Although Chen Ke's program is not widely publicized to the outside world, it is not completely unattainable. As soon as Cai Yuanpei saw Chen Ke's program of "working people being the masters of the country," he immediately and completely opposed it. It is one thing to boast about the power of the people, but it is quite another to ensure that "the working people are the masters of the country" with a political system.

The laborers must be under the leadership of the intellectuals, or the landlords and gentry led by intellectuals like Cai Yuanpei. This is the system that Cai Yuanpei really agrees with. The peasants who can't read a few words are indeed laborers, so why should they stand on the head of people who read books? Even if this is the only one, Cai Yuanpei has drawn a clear line with the People's Party.

But Sun Yat-sen's "Three Peoples Zhuyi" can make Cai Yuanpei see the ideal from it. Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary program, which is composed of nationalism, civil rights and people's livelihood, is referred to as the "Three People's Righteousness".

In Sun Yat-sen's political platform, the three peoples were completely expressed as "expelling the Tartars, restoring China, founding the Republic of China, and equalizing land rights".

Nationalism was the first fighting banner raised by Sun Yat-sen. It reflects the intricate inter-ethnic contradictions in modern Chinese society -- the contradictions between the imperial ruling clique and the Chinese nation, and the contradictions between the ruling clique of the Qing Dynasty headed by the Manchu aristocracy and the Han nationality and other ethnic minorities, and the ruling clique of the Qing Dynasty is increasingly colluding with each other.

One of the main contents of nationalism is "anti-Manchu". "Expelling the Tartars and restoring China" was always the battle cry of the bourgeois revolutionary democrats in the late Qing Dynasty. This was not only due to the fact that the Qing Dynasty was a feudal autocratic regime "ruled by the Manchu aristocracy", but also because it had become a "court of foreigners". This is the reason why the "anti-Manchurian" slogan has a wide range of mobilization significance. Avoiding the doom of China being divided and jointly administered, and striving for national independence and liberation is another major content of nationalism. In his speech in the Minbao, Sun Yat-sen listed "foreign persecution" and "alien remnants" as the basic reasons for the "indispensable" of nationalism. "There is no way to save the dying without revolution", and the revolution must "first overthrow the Manchurian government", and the meaning of nationalist opposition to imperial oppression is implicit in this.

Civil rights is the core of the Three Peoples. It reflects another major contradiction in modern Chinese society, that is, the contradiction between feudalism and the masses of the people. The basic contents of civil rights are: exposing and criticizing feudal absolutism, pointing out that the feudal social and political system deprives human rights, and therefore, it is by no means "acceptable to equal citizens"; It is necessary to overthrow the feudal imperial system through the "national revolution" and replace it with a republican system of "democratic constitutionalism" to put an end to the serious state of "being poisoned by a thousand years of autocracy." In line with this "change" of the "state system", the planning of the political system also constitutes an important part of the civil rights doctrine.

Compared with "Three People's Zhuyi", Cai Yuanpei better understood the revolutionary program of the People's Party. The People's Party also put forward anti-Qing and anti-imperial righteousness, but these were not the program of the People's Party, but the tasks of the various stages of the revolution. The core program of the BJP, "the working people as masters of the country", uses class struggle to achieve the tasks of all stages of anti-exploitation. As long as the People's Party identified as an "exploiter", whether it is the Manchu Qing or the Imperial Zhuyi, they are all targets to be defeated.

Undoubtedly, this can explain the brutal attack of the People's Party on the landlords and gentry in the land reform. The landlords and gentry were considered exploiters by the People's Party simply because they owned the land, and then all the land of the landlords and gentry was confiscated. The landlords and gentry who dared to resist were brutally suppressed.

And Sun Yat-sen's "people's livelihoodism" in the Three Peoples Zhuyi made Cai Yuanpei extremely admirable. Sun Yat-sen boiled down the main content of people's livelihood to two major issues: land and capital. "Equal land rights" -- "state ownership of land" -- was Sun Yat-sen's land plan. The main content is "to improve the social and economic organization and approve the land price in the world." The current land price will still belong to the original owner, and the increase in the price of social improvement and progress after the revolution will belong to the state and be shared by the people." Sun Yat-sen believed that the implementation of this plan could prevent monopoly and also make "the public richer and richer", thereby promoting "social development".

In other words, the landlords and gentry could also guarantee the ownership of the land, but the part of the sale that was higher than the original land price was taxed by the state, and these funds were used to build the state.

In Cai Yuanpei's view, the People's Party's direct control of land operations by the government is the greatest exploitation. The People's Party (BJP) has not only seized political power, but also economic power, and is a political party that thoroughly implements dictatorship and autocracy under the banner of revolution. Its evil is even worse than that of the Manchu Qing Dynasty.

Therefore, Cai Yuanpei came to recommend Sun Yat-sen's "Three People's Zhuyi" program to Duan Qirui, just to prevent Zhejiang from becoming an evil province like the People's Party.

Duan Qirui had no interest in the previous political and land parts, and more than a year of experience made Duan Qirui well aware of the difficulty of collecting taxes from the landlords of Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Anything that can't be realized is useless. As a soldier, Duan Qirui adheres to this pragmatic attitude.

However, seeing the construction of the political system behind, Duan Qirui was completely interested.

In response to the Three Peoples, Sun Yat-sen proposed the separation of powers. He believed that the three powers should not be adopted like in the West, so Sun Yat-sen added two powers of examination and supervision to form five powers.

Although Duan Qirui doesn't understand business, he doesn't understand politics.

In Duan Qirui's view, the examination system proposed by Sun Yat-sen is really a lot to do, and the examination system is the way to select officials. The examination power is exercised by a specially established examination institute, but the examination and application cannot be combined, because the examination institute has no administrative power. I don't even know how many people will take the test.

As for the supervision system, the power of impeachment that belongs to the legislative power was separated, and a separate supervisory yuan was established. When the Supervisory Yuan proposed impeachment, there was no National Assembly to try it, so it was placed in the Judicial Yuan, under which a Civil Service Disciplinary Committee was established. The Court of Supervision initiates impeachment, and the Civil Service Disciplinary Committee adjudicates the case.

Is this a convenient door for those in power, as long as Duan Qirui controls the Examination Institute and the Supervision Yuan, he can control the selection of officials as he wants.

As for the parliament created by Sun Yat-sen, on the one hand, the National Assembly was set up as the organ of political power, and on the other hand, the five houses were set up as the organs of governing power.

Duan Qirui felt that this Sun Yat-sen was really a wonderful person, making a seemingly high-powered president, but in fact he couldn't control anything at all. And as long as Duan Qirui has military power, the Examination Institute and the Supervision Yuan, and has a certain number of supporters in the parliament, this will completely empty the parliament and this so-called president. Power on the surface may well go to the so-called parliament, but in reality it is not at all.

After this thing is done, Duan Qirui only needs to watch the council make a fuss, he has a heavy army, who can touch him at all. Moreover, Duan Qirui, who has mastered the appointment and dismissal of officials, can do his own thing. It's really unbearable, it's enough to purge the parliamentarians and change the batch of people to fill the scene.

Is this Sun Wen really a revolutionary party? Duan Qirui thought curiously.

If Zhejiang had adopted Chen Ke's model, needless to say, the system of "dictatorship of the working people" would have been used to call on the poor people who had opposed exploitation, and the third town of the New Army could be swallowed up like a tidal wave. This can be called a revolution. If it is the parliamentary system of separation of powers initiated by Wang Youhong in Zhejiang, even if there is a mess inside, even if it does not dare to challenge the People's Party because of insufficient military strength, the Jiangsu parliament is very united in guarding against the third town of Zhejiang's new army. It can be regarded as the formation of a group.

But the division of the five powers, in the end, is it Duan Qirui or the landlords and gentry who are divided? Duan Qirui was very interested in this question. Thinking of this, Duan Qirui couldn't help but smile on his face.

Seeing Duan Qirui smile, Cai Yuanpei hurriedly said: "Duan Gong, there is a foolish thing to gain below, and I want to discuss it with Duan Gong." ”

Duan Qirui put down the thick booklet and said with an unfathomable smile: "Please Mr. Cai for advice." ”