There are really a lot of news organizations that come to BT to cooperate, Thames is here, the Daily News is also here, and then, the founder of Reuters, Paul? Reuters also came, at this time Reuters had just been established, 2 years, the worst thing is that Reuters is the pioneer in the use of cable telegraph, didn't you say it earlier? Reuters Telegram! The advent of wireless telegraphy shattered the advantage of the Reuters telegraph company in one fell swoop, which was equivalent to the huge cost of the telegraph line. Wireless telegraphy is good to say, with a typewriter! You can still make copies! What hope do you think the cable telegraph guys can hope for? Paul? Reuters came to Downing with a hanging. Help, help, anything, save us Reuters.

Paul was a German Jew, and immediately after arriving in London in 1845, he converted from Judaism to Christianity, and his name was changed to the current one, which shows that he himself used the festival as dry food. Unscrupulous people are often business-minded, and this businessman was particularly bold, having been a partner in a Berlin bookseller during the European Revolution of 1848, publishing radical pamphlets, and being monitored by the Berlin authorities. So, he left Berlin to develop in Paris, where he worked for Charles? Louis? Hawa News Agency, the predecessor of AFP. While in Paris, he used his ingenuity to make up for the missing link in the telegraph line between Berlin and Paris. A little bit faster means different things in the press, and even more so in financial information, because Paris was the center of Europe at the time, and the stock market would affect Berlin, and knowing the news a few minutes earlier was a big gain. In the same way, after the English Channel was telegraphed, it was even more significant, because London is the financial center of the world, and the stock market information there affects the whole world.

Downing was not an insatiable man, as evidenced by the £1.5 million he gave to Parliament. He has a clear plan for his own development route, after the 1.5 million huge money is in hand, he will start heavy industry, which is too time-consuming, and he is buying time, striving to have a huge influence when the British and French forces invaded his homeland, not to save the decaying Qing Dynasty, but to find the right people in China to support and change China. In this case, he still wants to gain access to the huge intelligence network that Reuters will have in the future. So, either Reuters sold it to him, or he built the intelligence network himself, this matter is too important.

Given the business acumen revealed by Mr. Reuters in his talks, Downing decided to make him an important partner, and he wanted to buy 50% plus 1 share of Reuters. The Bank of England, which plays the role of a central bank, only has reserves of 2 million pounds, and with a super large amount of money as a backer, Mr. Reuters decided to sell his soul again, okay, I sell!

The East India Company was actually responsible for the construction of the global network of the British Telegraph Company, and in particular, at the request of Downing, the telegraph network was established in Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Japan. Japan is now in the process of closing itself off from the rest of the world, allowing only Chinese and Dutch merchants to trade on the island of Nagasaki, and this island nation will change dramatically in the future and become a country that will influence the world pattern, so Downing will value its intelligence.

After joining Reuters, Downing put Reuters in charge of building a global intelligence network. Paul's original ambition was very small, just to sell a little financial information in Britain, but he didn't expect to suddenly become a partner of the giant of the telegraph industry, Downing is interested in international politics, military, people's livelihood, and economy, and Reuters will usher in a leapfrog development. What didn't make Paul know was that the new boss was too low-key, and he didn't even change the company's name. When the outside world heard it, they thought that Mr. Reuters was leading the company.

Reuters had just been founded, and it wasn't worth a few dollars, but Downing had invested enough money for the intelligence network, and no matter what way it was viewed, Paul was sure to make money and was highly motivated.

Downing's relationship with news organizations such as The Times has also quietly changed, and the Times wants to use the BT Telegram network to build its own global news source, which creates a conflict of interest with Reuters. Again, Reuters' success was crucial to him, so Downing uncompromisingly refused to work with The Times, hoping that they would adopt Reuters' message. It was at this moment that the Times believed that Downing had taken advantage of his monopoly and began to do evil, and the attitude that had been full of praise began to change the direction of the wind, especially since BT also had the right to form a wireless communications management committee, and the Times believed that an unscrupulous monopoly company was beginning to emerge.

The news source habits of British newspapers are not quite the same as those of continental Europe, and when Reuters was founded, it was almost difficult to sell its own news to newspapers, and Mr. Reuters was already very hard, but initially did not do well in London.

So, Downing decided to start his own newspaper, hmph, the trend of the Times is too easy to change, relying on his own boss to manipulate public opinion, and even called for the replacement of the president of the British Telegraph Company, which is unbearable?

The Times and some parliamentarians are too naïve, not to mention that there are two allies Rawlinson and Samuel in BT, just talking about the high-energy battery factory, paper tape factory, ink factory, and typewriter factory that he controls in his hands, Master Downing's position in BT is unshakable.

Since it is necessary to publish its own newspaper, it is even more important for the research and development of automatic typesetting machines, before the invention of automatic typesetting machines, the work of manual typesetters can be a difficult task, and because of this, the Times newspaper, which has the largest circulation in this era, has not been able to exceed 8 pages, because the workload is too large, and when the typesetting work is too large, it is not possible to increase the number of typesetters to solve it.

Although movable type printing was invented by the Chinese, it was not adopted on a large scale in China, because there were too many Chinese characters, thousands of characters, and movable type was almost not much different from dead characters. At the beginning of the 18th century, a set of woodcut Chinese characters of more than 100,000 characters was carved in Paris, but the scale was too large to use. At the beginning of the 19th century, Oise in England produced an accurate set of movable type, but the cost was so high that there was no hope that ordinary Chinese character printing could be used. English is completely different, with only 26 letters in total, and it is very difficult to put together movable type.

Downing's main desire was not to be a great inventor, but to have a large group of inventors under him, and in the development of the automatic typesetting machine, he mainly handed over to Beckwell, the inventor of the fax machine recruited at the World Expo. At that time, the typesetters typeset the newspaper letter by letter, which was a lot of work. The principle of using a paper tape machine to complete the typesetting process was not complicated, but Bakewell's original plan required a huge library of letters, which could have crashed the machine, and the old inventor had not learned the lesson of the invention of the fax machine, and the overload of information was a fatal flaw for automatic machines. The number of letters needed in the news was unpredictable, and Downing had to take matters into his own hands and offer to produce the required movable type on the fly with a small number of molds, which was hot metal typography.

Lead is an ideal metal with a melting point of just over 300 degrees Celsius. It's a pity that there is no electricity available now, and the age of electricity has not yet arrived. An open flame is required to heat the machine casting. After the movable type is arranged in a row by an automatic typesetting machine, they are fused together to become the basic building blocks of the layout, which are gradually arranged in the box and then locked, and a layout is freshly baked.

A newspaper typeset at this speed, not to mention that there is no pressure on 8 pages, there is no pressure on 80 pages, you only need to find a few more editors to proofread the documents printed on the typewriter.

Downing was not quite satisfied with the font and asked the artist to redesign it. During the development of the typesetting, he asked the type designers to improve it, and finally settled on an elegant and fine typeface similar to Helvetica, and the printed proofs really gave a new look. Downing thought it looked much better than the Times's font. This is also the competitiveness of his newspaper, and the beautiful details give people a different feeling.

The printing efficiency is higher than others, and it is still far from the success of a newspaper, so he should be honest as the director of the printing factory first, and make a printing house for the "penny newspapers" that pursue cost such as the Daily News and the Morning Post. In order to make the best use of his channel advantages, in addition to the normal daily distribution channels, he named his newspaper "The Telegraph", as long as the user rents the BT telegraph can print the newspaper by himself, this "electronic" way of distributing the newspaper, using the telegraph renter's own ink and paper, the cost of the telegraph company is cheaper than printing, so it is cheaper than the "Daily News" and "Morning Post". Another big advantage is that such an electronic newspaper can be updated several times a day, originally the Telegraph was updated every four hours, and if there was breaking news, Downing asked the editor-in-chief to write it within ten minutes, and then join the telegram distribution sequence. When it comes to the novelty of news, no one can compare to The Telegraph. A buddy on the road was hit by a carriage and died? Let's see if the Telegraph has been updated, maybe a new edition will already be released.

This model can also be released in many versions, what financial version, literary version, popular science version, simple English version, that is later. Anyway, Tang Ning himself likes this model very much, and the news is delivered so quickly that it has reached the peak of this era.

Many telegraph desk bosses like to read The Telegraph because it has a high-tech feel, and they always see the latest news than others, and they have a strong sense of superiority.