Section 752 Isolationism

It is very disappointing that Yang Chao did not choose to meet with Roosevelt and Churchill, otherwise the historic triumvirate may have met in advance. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. biquge。 info

He met with Qiu Fatzi first.

In response to Qiu Fatzi's question about Yang Chao's views on the war and what China should do, Yang Chao was blunt:

"Personally, I think China should shoulder its international obligations. The acts of aggression of the Nazis and fascists are a serious provocation to international peace and have affected the interests of our country. Although our trade with Europe and Yangzi Petroleum Company's oil imports have a conflict of interest with me personally, it is a matter of national oil security. The international community has learned enough lessons on the fascist problem, and it is the blind connivance of the Nazis that has led to today's evil consequences. ”

It is said that Britain and France, if it were not for their compromises and concessions again and again, especially the British, when the French wanted to do it, they never assured the French that the Gallic chickens did not have the courage to do it, and it would definitely not have caused the current situation, one was defeated, and the other survived.

However, Qiu Fatzi's face did not change and his heart did not beat, and he directly admitted that it was the mistake of the previous government, and he himself has always been resolutely anti-Nazi.

"So I think it's our duty to do whatever it takes to stop the Nazi atrocities and restore peace to Europe, so that peace in the world can be safeguarded."

Yang Chao sang in a high tone.

Qiu Fatzi was not so stupid, and he asked Yang Chao about his views on the post-war international order.

This is obviously to find out what Yang Chao wants to get, to put it bluntly, it is a question of how to divide the interests of the world after the war, Qiu Fatzi doesn't care that China eats those French colonies, such as Vietnam, but the territory of the British Empire can't be touched at all.

Yang Chao said: "I hope to build a world where all countries are equal, and no major country should seek territorial expansion or colonies. Those countries that had been colonized should be restored to their status as independents. ”

Fatty Qiu was quite surprised, he didn't expect that Yang Chao not only did not want colonies, but also sang such a high note, when did the Chinese learn this set of hypocritical things with the Americans.

Qiu Fatzi said that the historical issue will not be pursued first, but the British Empire can guarantee that it will not seek the expansion of its own colonies in this war, but will take the welfare of all mankind as the first priority.

Qiu Fatzi is obviously also very good at singing high-pitched.

Two days after sending off Qiu Fatzi, it was US President Roosevelt who came to visit.

Roosevelt Bhikshu was much more pragmatic, and he was also concerned about many issues, starting with the war in Europe and finally talking about the issue of cooperation and interaction between China and the United States, and he believed that some disputes in the Pacific region must be resolved first.

Roosevelt was very resistant to the East Asian country of Ryukyu building warships for Mexico, and hoped that China would use its influence to stop the Ryukyu Kingdom's practice of disrupting the balance of power in the Pacific region.

Yang Chao said that this is an internal affair between the Ryukyus and Mexico, and it is absolutely inconvenient for China to interfere.

Roosevelt also hoped that he could reach an agreement with Yangzi Oil Company on the issue of Mexican oil, and Roosevelt said that the United States is fully capable of supplying Chinese oil, and hoped that China would be able to maintain the amount of oil purchased from Mexico at the current level and not continue to increase it, so as not to flow too much capital and make the Mexican people too dependent on this resource income and become lazy.

Yang Chao was almost dumbfounded, when this thing said this kind of thing, he was simply a genius actor, not only did he not blush, but he also had a sincere attitude, as if a devout believer was praying to God, so that you couldn't believe it even if you were killed, he was completely.

Just like in the original history, Roosevelt said that the use of the Silver Act to destroy China's silver standard monetary system was to promote the progress of the Chinese, to let the Chinese learn to improve themselves, and not to always rely on Europe and Japan.

Playing shamelessness to this extent can be regarded as the pinnacle, and Yang Chao believes that he can't do it.

When campaigning, he swore that he would never let the United States get involved in a war, and would never send an American boy to Europe to die, but just after the election was successful, he immediately pushed a national defense bill in Congress, under the guise of guarding against the invasion of other countries, frantically expanding the armament war, and if he was worried about the Nazi attack, then it was enough to build a navy, but he recruited millions of army troops.

As a result, when World War II broke out, the United States was able to dispatch troops in formation, instead of soldiers training in France, as was the case during World War I. Only then did the Americans realize that their president had already completed preparations for war.

Obviously, they are worried that Mexico will get too much oil wealth and thus have the ambition to challenge the United States, but it is necessary to say that they are worried that the Mexican people will have no motivation to work, so they should be asked to sell less oil, and the United States is willing to sell more, because the American people are not afraid of working without motivation.

Yang Chao did not make a clear statement on this issue, but said that China will open up the oil market for a long time, because other companies have already set up oil tankers and also set foot in the oil trade industry, and Yangzi Petroleum has to compete with these companies, so PetroChina must go to the market.

Tell Roosevelt that Shanghai will establish an oil exchange and start trading oil spot and futures, and if Rockefeller wants to sell oil, he will not have to go through Yangzi Petroleum Company in the future, and will directly go to the Chinese market to sell it, and Yangzi Petroleum Company will be a professional transportation company that will be happy to provide transportation services for American oil companies.

There's nothing substantive, it's just a test of each other.

"What a disguised fox, he shouldn't be called Roosevelt, but Fox."

This is Yang Chao's evaluation of Roosevelt.

Roosevelt's ******** was internationalist, and he never hid his desire for the United States to assume international responsibility (intervening in international affairs), but when he realized that such rhetoric might cause him problems, he immediately became the most isolated isolationist.

Since his first term, he has been torn between these two views, campaigning on a promise to voters that he would not drag the United States into the quagmire of European affairs, but once he became president, he immediately began to make all kinds of agitation, especially in the second term, he encountered considerable trouble, he constantly expressed his neutral attitude to win the support of American voters, not to intervene in the Spanish Civil War is his doing, and called on European diplomats to return home to help him, Prove to voters how reluctant he is to get involved in European affairs.

But in the end, after becoming president, he began to promote his kind of interventionism, claiming that the United States remains neutral and always disadvantage the weaker side, which is very unreasonable.

This time, Roosevelt issued a declaration of neutrality before the election, but he did not forget to persuade the Congress to repeal the embargo clause, and finally persuaded the Congress to pass the amendment to the neutrality law that restricted the purchase of goods, which was a small step forward.

Obviously, under the guise of internationalism, this goods showed his sense of morality, maybe he really had a sense of morality, but his sense of morality was always for the British, for the French, not for others, not for the Chinese, not even for the Spaniards, the Spanish Civil War, he could adhere to the neutrality law, the British fell into the war, he died to persuade the embargo to be lifted.

In order to win the support of the Republicans, Roosevelt appointed Henry **** of the Republican Party as Secretary of War and Frank Knox as Secretary of the Navy. The excuse is to protect the United States from aggression, but to ensure that the United States is not invaded, it is enough to expand the navy, so why expand the army?

Obviously, Roosevelt intended to prepare for war before he could say that Congress would enter the war, and that he would be able to mobilize troops into the war as soon as the United States intervened in the war.

But he also promised voters that the United States would remain absolutely neutral and would never intervene in the war.

The reason why Roosevelt was so contradictory stems from American isolationism, which was at its strongest after World War I.

Almost all walks of life have this sentiment.

Isolationism originated in the founding of the United States, when President Washington left office, in his farewell speech, he exalted the Americans: the fate of the United States must not be entangled with the fate of any part of Europe, so that our peace and prosperity will be caught in the trap of European ambitions, contentions, interests, emotions, and capriciousness.

It is the origin of American isolationism, and the Monroe Declaration issued during the Monroe era of President Monroe took this doctrine a step further, saying that the United States should not intervene in European affairs, and Europe should not intervene in American affairs.

The isolationism of this matter already has a smack of dominating the Americas.

However, the huge casualties of World War I brought isolationism in the United States to its peak, so that even a president like Roosevelt, who had the legacy of Roosevelt's New Deal, could lose the election if he did not show that he supported isolationism.

Wilson succeeded in establishing the League of Nations by implementing the Fourteen Points in Europe, but was killed by Congress when he returned home, and the United States itself could not participate in this alliance because isolationism did not want the United States to become entangled with any part of Europe.

Isolationism is distributed among all strata, especially the intellectual elite, and although this stratum may not have much economic and political power, it has great power in the world of public opinion, which is equivalent to those literati in China, and by virtue of their fame, there is always a large group of supporters.

For example, after the war, American historians rediscovered and studied the historical materials of the First World War, and concluded that the First World War was a despicable struggle between the imperialist powers, and that it was closely related to American arms manufacturers and traders. The press claimed that the American people had been driven into a worthless fighting cause by the two forces of war money and the propaganda of the Entente. Some leaders in the world of public opinion have even openly felt guilty that they had brought the United States into war and resolved to never again abuse the trust placed in them by the American people. Historians also argue that World War I, like the Civil War, was a tragic mistake.

There are also those who believe that politics is the art of compromise and that if war is to be avoided, it is necessary to accommodate Hitler, and that his demand for living space does not seem unreasonable, and that he wants to unite all Germans under one banner, which in the eyes of some is also the principle of national self-determination.

Under the influence of this ideology, Americans were generally deeply disappointed with the First World War. The pacifist movement, with pastors, women and university students as its main force, reached its peak in the 30s. Even textbooks at all levels began to belittle martial heroes, military history was almost abolished, and children were advised not to play games of war.

Every year on May Day, hundreds of thousands of college and middle school students take classes and walk for peace. A number of well-known religious leaders joined the ranks of reflecting on their "crimes" in the First World War, and they bitterly confessed in front of the public that they had supported the First World War in some sense, and promised unreservedly that they would never repeat that mistake.

The political forces representing the farmers in the Midwest and the West and the political forces of the new industrial capitalists also united against the big eastern conglomerates and the British international financial conglomerates, which had close ties to Europe, and the big conglomerates such as Morgan and Rockefeller had a really bad reputation in the economic crisis, so isolationism overrode the interventionism supported by the military industrial giants, oil and steel industry giants for a while.

In addition, Republican newspapers, priests, the Ku Klux Klan, the German-American Union, and fascist organizations among minorities are staunch isolationists.

The anti-war situation of the American intellectual class, ********** and religion, as well as people of German descent, made the isolationist support rate in the United States reach 70%, which made Roosevelt almost unable to see the opportunity to bring the United States into the war, if the United States did not intervene in the war, let alone continue to maintain its influence in Europe, if Britain fell, the United States may even face the German iron heel.

But the isolationist forces were too strong, and there were political forces involved in them, and through public opinion propaganda, they took advantage of the simple psychology of the people's anti-corporate, which posed a huge threat to Roosevelt.

In order to defeat Roosevelt, they used the means of political struggle on a large scale.

When Roosevelt became president for the first time, the Senate opposition created a special committee headed by Gerald Nye, an isolationist Republican in North Dakota, to investigate the arms industry. Investigate the arms manufacturers and bankers during the First World War and conclude that the United States entered the war in Europe not to defend its own interests or to defend the civil system to save the world, but to act as a result of the machinations of arms interests and financiers.

The Commission unearthed a great deal of sensational evidence to support and support their conclusions, and through the propaganda of the Chicago Tribune, the Hearst newspaper, and a number of historians and writers, they convinced a large part of the public that it was Wall Street that needed war for profiteering, that the United States had been instigated to get involved in the war last time, only to enrich the dead merchants, and that it would be a crime to intervene in any future war in Europe.

After meeting with Yang Chao, Roosevelt still had no good way, and he felt more anxious, because he found that Yang Chao had a strong interest in intervening in European affairs, and if the United States did not enter the war, China entered the war and defeated the Nazis and became the savior of Europe, then the United States may lose Europe forever.

"What a gambler who likes to shout beautiful slogans and play politics!"

After walking out of the Yangzi Tea Garden, Roosevelt also summarized Yang Chao. Please enter the text (to be continued.) )