Chapter 776: Laws are enacted
Liu Yi tried his best to consider some issues comprehensively, so as not to add them after problems arise in the future.
Therefore, there are many laws and regulations that have been discussed and discussed with the ministers and formulated and officially promulgated and implemented.
The basic national law of the Han Dynasty has been revised with certain additions, subdivisions, and modifications. Then, all sorts of laws and regulations were derived.
Of course, most of them were put forward by Liu Yi according to the legal provisions of later generations, and let the ministers discuss them, and then formulate them. Quite comprehensive, so to speak.
For example, the laws of the Han Dynasty are divided into constitutional law, criminal law, civil law, administrative law, anti-corruption and clean government, environmental protection, labor, education, economy, medicine, maritime law, etc., and even the laws and regulations of intellectual property, cultural relics protection and religious laws and regulations have been proposed.
If you really want Liu Yi to discuss and formulate bills with the ministers, I am afraid that it will be difficult to discuss them with the ministers in a month or two, or even a year or two. Fortunately, Liu Yi kept copying out some bills, and handed them over to Chen Qun early to think about and study, and took them to the cabinet for discussion by a group of cabinet members. There are also people such as Xi Zhicai, Jia Xu, Guo Jia, etc., all of whom have participated in reading and discussing those laws.
It is definitely not possible to copy the future generations, and many of them are not in line with the national conditions of the current Han Dynasty at all. There is really no need to take out some laws of later generations, and Liu Yi will not take them out casually. All that can be taken out are suitable or borrowed from others, or laws that may be used in the future.
Some of the original basic national laws for safeguarding the national sovereignty of the Han Dynasty and so on, Liu Yi will no longer participate in the discussion, and some places can be completely promulgated and implemented with a slight amendment, addition or deletion.
Lewi now wants to formalize laws such as marriage law, labor law, education law, law of the sea, and so on.
In terms of marriage law, it is naturally impossible to implement a monogamous system as in later generations, and there is no way. Lewi himself has so many women, how could he lift a stone to shoot himself in the foot? Of course, this guy also thinks from the bottom of his heart that the system of the future generations is not very good.
However, there are too many issues that have been taken into account, and some possible problems have been listed in the marriage law. In order to protect women.
After Liu Yi discussed and decided with the ministers, they all believed that all men and women in the Han Dynasty must go to the government to register and report before they officially get married, and the government will issue a document recognizing that they are true husband and wife in accordance with the law of the Han Dynasty, so that they will be protected by the marriage law of the Han Dynasty.
First of all, the Han does not prohibit polygamy. But polyandry is absolutely forbidden. Therefore, it is also deduced that it is strictly forbidden for the Han nobles to give each other singers or exchange women. This kind of bad atmosphere among the nobility must be absolutely prohibited, which also reflects the respect for women. However, the Marriage Law has provisions, advocacy, and suggestions, and the people of the Han Dynasty. It is better to have a monogamous family structure, if it is a monogamous family. The government has a certain amount of financial hardship subsidies, of course, there will be certain conditions in this, and not every couple can apply to the government. At the very least, the husband and wife have not lived together for ten years, and they cannot apply for it. After you claim. You can also claim it every 10 years.
Then, the marriage law stipulates that among polygamy, all wives are equal wives, and there is no longer a distinction between concubines and maids. It is only divided into rooms, not in the order of size. Every wife has the same rights, as well as the same responsibilities and obligations. In terms of quantity, there is a semi-rigid rule that no more than seven wives are generally allowed. If he marries more than seven wives, the government has the right to conduct a financial audit of the male family, as well as the family's upbringing of children and the support of the elderly. If the man simply does not have the financial strength to form a family with so many wives and is overwhelmed, then it is not allowed, and if even his children are not well raised, and it is difficult for the parents to provide for them well, then the matter will be a big deal.
In the most serious cases, the government will directly take charge of their families, and use their men as servitude, and their wives may, according to their own wishes, if one of them does not want to be with that man any longer, they may share a part of the family wealth, leave the man, and dissolve the marriage. Those who are willing to stay should have true affection for the man, so that he can stay and continue to maintain the family's livelihood. This man is paid for his hard work, but his wages will be sent directly to his wife through the government, and he must have to do at least three years of hard labor before he can return home.
This is also after Liu Yi discussed it with his ministers, thinking that this can better restrain and punish those who are incapable of their own ability, but are greedy for lustful flowers. It can also allow the people of the world to consider the family responsibilities and obligations they have to bear when marrying multiple wives.
If you have the ability, you are not allowed to marry, but if you marry home, you have to deal with your family relationship. If you can't handle it well, you will have to bear the punishment of marrying more wives.
Also, before marrying multiple wives, you have to think carefully about another hard and fast rule of the marriage law. Because women, on the other hand, can also unilaterally apply to the government to divorce the man who leaves him. Of course, it depends on who is at fault, but in any case, at least the wealth generated by the husband and wife after marriage must be divided equally among the members of the family, and a share should be given to the wife who asks for divorce.
In fact, there are many cases that Liu Yi mentioned in the Marriage Law and put forward some hard and fast provisions. For example, it is strictly forbidden to give a dowry girl when getting married, and it is even strictly forbidden to adopt a child bride and so on.
In addition, in the future, although there is no objection to arranged marriages between men and women of the Han Dynasty, there are also clear regulations that marriage must be based on the wishes of men and women, even if it is an arranged marriage, the two families must nod and agree. Otherwise, the government will not recognize the legitimacy of their marriage.
As for the dowry girl or something, this is very easy to understand, because even if the Han Dynasty is now unified, many new laws and regulations have been promulgated and implemented, such as Luoyang Jingcheng, the Han People's Citizenship Law was implemented early on, and every Han citizen belongs to an individual who has the right to freedom in life, and every Han citizen can go to the government to register and have an independent identity. However, many of them were originally the maids of those big families, some family families, and so on. They were sold to those wealthy families, and some of them may have been for more than ten years or even decades. Although they are slaves, but. But they are loyal to the lord's family, and they are unwilling to go to the government to receive a new status of a citizen. There are a lot of people like that. After all, there are some people who are indeed grateful to the Lord's family, so they don't want to leave the Lord's house and go out on their own. Therefore, Liu Yi established this regulation. It's to protect this kind of people. In fact, this type of people, in fact, they can declare an independent household registration, and then serve their main family in the form of working for their main family. But they don't want to do that, and the government can't force them, right?
In fact, according to research and research, a man's ability to marry seven wives is basically the limit. If you do more, you will definitely be too busy. Originally. In the Marriage Law, it is intended to stipulate that a man, if he has the ability, can only marry seven wives at most, but because of Liu Yi's situation, it is not good to enforce such a regulation too much. It's just advocating for suggestions, and then enacting a lot of limitations.
Other than that. It is worth mentioning that the entire marriage law seems to be for the sake of women everywhere, and women are defended everywhere. But in fact, it is not, because it is impossible for Lewis to propose the equality of men and women at this time. Although Liu Yi consciously did this, he really wanted to liberate all the big Han women. However, Liu Yi knew that the national conditions did not allow Liu Yi to do this. Even some of the old cabinet members of the cabinet resisted coming up with this marriage law. Incomprehensible. If it weren't for Liu Yi's absolute authority among them, it would have been really difficult to implement this marriage law.
When the women of the Han Dynasty have not completely gotten rid of their ideological and economic dependence on men, and have not been able to really carry half of the country, it is impossible to imagine the real equality between men and women. What's more, in this world, even in the postmodern era, there is no equality in the absolute sense. The so-called equality is based on ability and contribution. If a woman who is completely dependent on her husband for her survival, and who does not contribute even the slightest contribution to the family, how can she be respected and treated equally by others?
Therefore, the marriage law promulgated and implemented by the Han Dynasty seems to protect women, so that they can obtain certain rights and protection. However, it is also tantamount to defining the sex of the women of the Han Dynasty, who have always been in a subordinate position in a male-dominated society. At the same time, it also spurs the women of the Han Dynasty, if they want to obtain a certain social status, they have to fight for it themselves and work hard.
Because of such a marriage law, if they can't germinate the idea of fighting for equal social freedom and status, then it is useless for Liu Yi to do more.
In addition, we will also focus on labor law and property law.
Labor law is very important for the current Han national conditions.
Because, in terms of the current Han national conditions, there is no unemployment to be said. As long as you have hands and feet, you have to work. Because, compared with later generations, the current population of the Han Dynasty is too small, and the entire Han Dynasty can be regarded as being in a vast and sparsely populated situation. Now the new Han has broken the situation that the land of the Han Dynasty is monopolized by those local tyrants and those wealthy families. Countless fields are waiting for the Han people to cultivate them. Therefore, the labor law of Dahan stipulates that as long as you are a citizen of Dahan, you have to work. And this labor is also divided into physical labor and mental work. In addition, there are also subdivisions of management labor.
Anyway, ordinary people have to farm, not idle. As mentioned before, there are no homeless people in Luoyang, and if there were, they would have been arrested for hard labor a long time ago. And the ordinary local tyrants and people from wealthy families, even if they are the heads of their families, have to work. It's just that their labor is mental work, it may be running a business, it may be presiding over the livelihood of a big family, and this is also labor.
Here, when it comes to labor law, it also involves land law. It stands to reason that the Han court, if all the land is nationalized, will definitely be opposed by those wealthy families. But why are they all acceptable to such land laws? That is the relationship that involves commercial law. The reason why those wealthy families were able to take out their land and let the Han court distribute it to the common people was because the Han court also valued the relationship between commerce, and the court officials made an example, so that those wealthy families could see the profits. Let them understand that instead of holding on to the land and opposing the New Han Dynasty, it is better to give up the land and then cooperate with the Han court officials to develop industry and commerce, so that their family's wealth will be more abundant.
However, in this way, it is inevitable that in the near future, there will be many wealthy merchants in Dahan. So how will the influence of these family merchants on the Han court be limited?
In this case, there is property law. Liu Yi shamelessly stipulated that the state gave everything to the people of the Han Dynasty, and all the people of the Han Dynasty only had the right to use it, and the wealth they generated was within the scope of the Han state. When the state needs it, it can be expropriated, including the land and their property. Although there are also clear regulations that the Han court cannot encroach on the private property of the Han people under any pretext, their property must be reported to the government. When the country is in need, it means that when there is a natural or man-made disaster in the Han Dynasty, they must first think about the prosperity and stability of the country and raise some money to relieve the disaster. This is their responsibility and obligation. Maintaining the prosperity and stability of the Han Dynasty is not only the responsibility and obligation of the Han court, but the responsibility and obligation that every Han citizen should bear.
In addition, the property law stipulates that in any family of the Han Dynasty, each family member has the right to inherit his family property, and the head of the family will distribute the share of the family wealth to the descendants, but if the head of the family does not have a testament, then it will be divided by his immediate family, and in addition, the collateral relatives who have contributed to his family should also receive a certain share, which can be disposed of under the supervision of the government.
With this provision, it is actually an implicit restraint and division of those wealthy families. The average wealthy family must have many children and grandchildren, even if they have earned countless family fortunes, after such a division, they will definitely be thinned, and their family strength will naturally weaken, and the impact on the Han will definitely not be too great. In addition, not all the children of the wealthy families have real talents and learning, and everyone can do it. Millions of family fortunes, there will always be times when they are squandered by some unscrupulous children.
The family may be inherited for thousands of years, but its family power is unlikely to prosper for a long time. As long as the Han court can firmly grasp the military and political power, it is not afraid that those wealthy families will turn the sky upside down. What's more, for the time being, most of the industries and businesses that can generate huge profits are still in the hands of the imperial court, which is equivalent to holding the lifeblood of those wealthy families. Therefore, Liu Yi will not worry about producing wealthy families and merchants. (To be continued.) )