The surrender of Fang Xianjue, the defender of Hengyang City, to Japan is full of controversy in history. Pen @ fun @ pavilion wWw. ｂｉｑUｇE。 ｉｎｆｏ

Some articles say that Fang Xianjue is unwilling to give up the people in the city, which is not right, and some are suspected of putting gold on Fang Xianjue's face. The fact is that the people of the city were evacuated in June.

Fang Xianjue was desperate when the other friendly forces did not come to the rescue. It can be said that the negotiations were forced. Specific negotiation conditions, Rao Shaowei's reminiscence article "Fang Xianjue Hengyang Surrendered to the Enemy" said: On the evening of August 7, the military department discussed seven armistice conditions: (1) the requirement to retain the establishment of the Tenth Army; (2) Requiring Japanese troops to enter the city without killing prisoners; (3) Demanding that the Japanese army treat wounded officers and soldiers humanely; (4) to demand an immediate ceasefire for the Japanese army; (5) Ask the Japanese army to send a plane to send Fang Xianjue to Nanjing to see Wang Jingwei. (Rao Shaowei only remembers 5 items)

Xu Yongchang, the head of the Military Command Department, recorded in his diary on August 15 that the terms of the negotiations were: Commander Fang sent his adjutant and division chief to make six demands to the enemy to contact the enemy. The gist of the plan is as follows: 1. No disarmament and no division of the organization; 2. Centralized training at designated locations; 3. No killing of injured officers and soldiers; 4. Sending them to Nanjing; 5. Ensuring the safety of their lives; 6. Sending their dependents to a safe place.

In addition, some people posted gold and said that the Tojo cabinet resigned because they couldn't beat Hengyang, which is really far-fetched, nonsense, and nonsense. The Battle of Hengyang did not end until August 8, but the cabinet of Hideki Tojo of Japan resigned on July 18, and Kuniaki Koiso formed a cabinet.

In addition, in history, there is also a theory about the surrender of the Tenth Army, that on the 8th, the Tenth Army failed to break through, and the Japanese army sent people to persuade them to surrender, and the Tenth Army surrendered.

The process of the surrender of the Tenth Army is not clear, but the facts are clear, this kind of surrender has also been used by some leaders of the Anti-Japanese Alliance, and there is no need to be harsh. The problem lies in Chairman Chiang's handling of different people, and the scale of handling is different, and the eradication of dissidents is criticized.

It can be summed up that Chiang's subordinates, who are good at fighting, who will end badly.

In the early morning of the 9th, at one o'clock.

Hunan's sweltering summer months made it difficult for Japanese soldiers accustomed to the Japanese climate, especially new recruits. The surrender of the Tenth Army and the departure of several other Chinese troops reinforced by it made the Japanese breathe a sigh of relief. The Imperial Army was still invincible.

So, the night after the war, the Japanese soldiers all took a bath, and most of them were sleeping except for a few sentry posts. The second half of the night is the only time to get a little cooler, so be sure to get a good night's sleep.

The distribution of the Japanese army was like this. Active Japanese troops were stationed in the south and southwest of the city. There are several important locations near the airport east of the Xiangjiang River in the east of the city. Several stations along the railway.

The Japanese army had entered the city of Xiangyang, and they were stationed in several places remotely distributed in the south of the city, in the city of Chinese troops.

It can be said that the main routes from which the Tenth Army might have fled were blocked.

A mile downstream from the Xiangjiang River in Hengyang City, dozens of bamboo rafts are transporting some people to the west bank of the Xiangjiang River, which is the northeast corner of Hengyang City. On the distant mountains on the other side of Hengyang, thousands of people are quietly moving.

Around Hengyang City, thousands of people have gathered, but these people have not been found because they are lying on the ground.

In the north of Hengyang City, as well as on the east bank of the Xiangjiang River, near the Japanese military camp, there are people quietly approaching.

At half past three, on a hill on the east bank of the Lei River, a tributary of the east bank of the Xiang River, a red signal flare was lifted into the air, and then a cannon was fired on a hill on the east bank of the Lei River in the east of the Xiang River. It is about ten miles away from Hengyang, and it is the closest distance to the artillery attack.

After several corrective shells were fired, dozens of guns were fired at once. There were all kinds of artillery, mortars, mountain artillery, infantry artillery, and artillery shells with long flames in tow, which the Japanese army now knew were rockets, the superweapon of the Northeast Coalition Army. What's going on with what troops? It can't be the Eighth Route Army, who is it? Whose troops?

Shells exploded in the Japanese barracks. Many people in the Japanese army woke up, just knowing that the shells fell into the barracks, and the shells fell densely in the barracks.

Several Japanese military camps were in chaos, with flames soaring into the sky and corpses flying.

The shelling lasted more than ten minutes, and the Japanese immediately got up, took up their weapons and moved into combat positions. The shelling stopped for more than ten minutes, and the second wave began. This time the shelling was concentrated on the Japanese positions, and a large number of devil soldiers who had just entered the positions were killed.

The shelling stopped again, the experienced veterans still took cover, and the inexperienced recruits saw that the shelling stopped, and probes their brains.

Gunfire rang out around the Japanese positions. The shooting continued for several minutes and then stopped.

Every position in the encirclement of Hengyang City was subjected to similar attacks.

In this attack, dozens of small wooden boats sailed on the Xiangjiang River in the north of the city. The wooden boat entered the grass river from the Xiangjiang River, docked under the city, and the people on the boat jumped ashore and touched into Hengyang City.

Soon, they were discovered by the besieging Japanese troops in Hengyang. The men immediately exchanged fire with the Japanese troops. In the midst of the gunfire, there were a few gunshots, which were very inconspicuous. It was these gunshots that every time the Japanese army fell. Soon, the attrition of the Japanese army affected the combat effectiveness.

The north of the city is the place where the Japanese army first stormed the city, and the terrain is flat, because there is a river, so there are not many troops. The Japanese army was on the north bank of the Grass River. The Grass River has a large bend here, and the Japanese army is one kilometer away from the Grass River.

There is also a reason why the Japanese troops are far away from here, the two sides have reached an agreement, and the defenders have surrendered.

These days, the Japanese army's tactics have been exhausted, and even fatigue tactics have been used, and every night at one o'clock, the Japanese army takes turns to go into battle, and when the other side wants to sleep, they shoot together to wake up the other side. Wave after wave of rotations, the Japanese army was more numerous, and the tenth army was few. They just wouldn't let the defenders sleep.

This tactic works, but it consumes too many bullets. Later, when there were not enough bullets, the Japanese army used the method of clapping their hands to make noise and prevent the other party from sleeping.

Today, the Japanese army no longer harasses. But why did you start putting guns? The troops defending the city also felt strange, didn't they surrender? Why are the Japanese still harassing us?

The defenders relaxed their vigilance because of the surrender, but some soldiers still noticed that someone had entered the city. Just about to shoot, those who came in spoke Chinese, still in Hengyang's local dialect: "Brothers from the 10th Army?" We are the vigilante group, and we have come to save you. ”

The two sides quickly identified themselves as Chinese, yes. Yes, yes, yes, it speaks the dialect of our hometown.

The people of the militia wanted to see Commander Fang. However, Commander Fang has been imprisoned by the Japanese army in the Catholic Church, where Japanese troops are stationed, and I don't know how much.

Does anyone lead the way? Let's go get the commander out.

I'll go. I'll go.

You can't, you're a wounded soldier, hurry up and evacuate with the others. You. That's you. What's your name? Just call me Staff Officer Liu. Okay, we are our family, you call me Captain Liu.

There were some officers among the wounded soldiers, and they were immediately commanded. The militia was strong and strong, and the evacuation was carried out in an orderly manner with stretchers.

Hengyang is not big, and more than a dozen people soon arrived at the Oujiacho Catholic Church in the southern suburbs.

The Catholic Church is a fairly well-preserved building. In the city of Hengyang, which is full of ruins, this building is very tall and abrupt.

When the dozen or so people arrived at the Catholic church, they were a little surprised, because the number of people here increased. On the roof of the Catholic Church, several high windows are machine-gun positions, and there are five positions around it, all of which are Japanese troops. At this time, two people ran to the left and right respectively, to investigate.

Just as they were lying down to observe, the cannon fire in the south and east of the city became more and more intense.

Staff Officer Liu: "The devil has been reinforced, and there are not many people here." Let's go find some more? ”

Captain Liu: "No. Just wait until we find out how many people there are. ”

After a while, the two who had gone to investigate returned. As far as you can see, there are five sentry bunkers on the ground, there is a machine gun position on the roof, and it is not clear whether there is a sentry post in the bell tower or a machine gun position. There are three sentry posts in the high window.

"Good. In a group of two people, spread out, solve one direction in one group, cover the three of us first and rush in the front, inside and outside. The two of you are maneuvering, and you will help wherever there is something to do. Let's go. ”

Staff Officer Liu followed Captain Liu and prepared to rush in. He was one of the very few people in the Tenth Army who was not wounded. However, he was a little skeptical, could these vigilante groups work?

Just as he was suspicious, gunshots rang out around the cathedral. The gunfire was sparse, and it was not noticeable at all in the dense gunfire of the positions outside the city.

At this time, the Catholic Church began to shoot.

Staff Officer Liu saw a person rolling down on the roof of the Catholic Church, and someone from the high window also fell. The machine guns on the left and right of the gate were also muted.

Captain Liu shouted in a low voice: "Rush." Staff Officer Liu followed, and the three of them rushed to the gate. As soon as he entered the gate, the machine guns of the positions on the left and right rang out again. Captain Liu took out a grenade, and the other also took out a grenade. The two of them threw out together.

The positions on the left and right sides of the gate are completely finished.

Captain Liu and the three rushed in. Just after walking a few steps, the figure in front of me flickered, and the gunfire rang out, it was the Japanese 38 gun.

At this time, Staff Officer Liu noticed that Captain Liu's gun was a submachine gun, and he knew that this was the gun of the Northeast Coalition Army, and he heard that it was aided by the Soviet Union.

Captain Liu strafed and was pressed on the opposite side.

The three of them rushed in a hurry, and the five Japanese in front were finished. At this time, four more people came in from outside, searching and attacking on both sides. In just a few minutes, seven people found Commander Fang. He had just been tied up and locked in the priest's lounge.

Staff Officer Liu explained the situation to the commander of the army, and the commander of the army was overjoyed.

Captain Liu: "I don't have time to express my respect to you, let's go." ”

Seven people surrounded Commander Fang in the middle, walked out of the lounge, and walked towards the hall. When Staff Officer Liu heard that there was no sound in the church, he must have solved the guards. After walking a few steps, Captain Liu suddenly resisted with his arms and pushed Commander Fang down. At this time, a gunshot rang out, and Captain Liu seemed to be pushed and fell down.

Another shot rang out at the gate.

A man fell to the ground from the curtain behind the podium in the hall. This is the Japanese who have been hidden, the last one, a veteran, experienced, very forbearing, insisting on robbing until now, not wanting others to be more powerful, sacrificing himself to protect the commander of the army.

Several people lifted Captain Liu and evacuated the Catholic Church.

Captain Liu was injured in the shoulder, but he could still speak, and while walking, he explained the situation.

Fang Xianjue listened to the meaning and said, "We have tens of thousands of people, and there are many wounded soldiers, and we have no strength. Can you get us out? ”

Captain Liu said: "We have 200 small wooden boats in the north of the city, and there are also on the east side of the river, to transport you to the other side of the Xiangjiang River. We have other militia groups that attract the Japanese in other directions, and they have a big loophole. Don't worry, we bring food, everyone eats a little, and they will have physical strength. ”

Fang Xianjue didn't believe it at all at first, but when he heard him say this, he knew that what the other party said made sense, and Staff Officer Liu next to him knew the situation and whispered a few words to him. Fang Xianjue's strength to make a decision came again, gritted his teeth, and said, "Quick!" Retreat as much as you can. ”

After thinking about it, he asked: "Isn't there another Japanese heavy army along the railway on the other side of the Xiangjiang River in the east?" ”

Captain Liu: "We have measures. "Very confident.

Listening to the sound of artillery and gunfire from all directions, Fang Xianjue gradually understood the deployment of the militia. He didn't expect that there were so many people from the militia group and so many people entering the city, so they carried the wounded soldiers first and let the uninjured go by themselves. In less than an hour, half of the wounded were evacuated.

Gunfire was still ringing around Hengyang City.

The Japanese thought that it was reinforcements from Chongqing who were coming to attack.

They let Fang Xianjue's Tenth Army surrender, and the reinforcements arrived, which was obviously too coincidental. The Japanese judged that some people did not want to see the Tenth Army surrender and came to reinforce it. Order: Before finding out the reality of the opponent, take a defensive position and do not fight back first.

When the other party continued to attack, the other party did not move. The scouting soldiers came out to investigate, and the other side opened fire again. After tossing and turning like this for two hours, there was no movement. After waiting for an hour, it was estimated that the other party had retreated, so a reconnaissance force was sent to search around.

At this time, it was dawn, and sure enough, the other party had already retreated. In the south of the city, it was found that a large number of bamboo rafts crossed the river in the northeast of the city and sailed to the tributaries on the east bank of the Xiangjiang River. I wanted to step forward to stop it, but the other party's gunshots rang out. The Japanese army did not know the reality of the other side and did not dare to move.

Since the other side has come to the rescue of the 10th Army in the city, then we will attack from the city. It was discovered that the people of the Tenth Army had moved again and suppressed it on the spot. The weapons of the 10th Army have been handed in, can they resist?

More than a dozen squads set off and walked to several places in Hengyang City where the wounded soldiers of the Tenth Army were assembled. Not good, the wounded soldiers of the 10th Army at the first assembly point in the south of the city are gone.

Chase north!

Just after two blocks, dozens of grenades were suddenly thrown from the opposite side, and explosions rang out one after another.

The Japanese charged!

Gunshots rang out from the opposite side. The sound of this gun is very different, da-da-da, the frequency is the same as that of a machine gun, but the sound is not as loud as that of a machine gun. The bullet was indeed half like a splash of wind, and the Japanese soldiers were killed in the front, and they hurriedly lay down in the back.

The two sides began a stalemate in Nancheng. At this time, more and more Japanese troops came from behind.

Suddenly, the other side's gunfire stopped.

The Japanese charged. After walking less than a block, grenades were thrown out of the rubble on both sides of the street. This time, the entire street was covered with grenades exploding.

The two sides invested more and more troops, and it was in a stalemate, and the Japanese army had many people, but there were not enough bullets and the physical strength of the people was insufficient. There are few people on the other side, but the firepower is strong, the physical strength of the people is good, and in particular, they have a lot of grenades.

The Japanese army pressed forward step by step, and the other side fought and retreated.

And so, five hours had passed, and it was already dawning. There was no one in the city to resist, there were no more boats on the river, no more bamboo rafts.

*******

1. Some people also say that the Japanese army lost 12,000, 19,000, 30,000, 60,000, 70,000 and so on in the Battle of Hengyang. Some say that the official Japanese figures do not include the number of plague deaths.

2, Fang Xianjue has never been reused later, and there are always people who ask him about surrendering to the Japanese army. The person who was looking for trouble with Lao Jiang finally had a breakthrough, and he kept asking and asking.

3. Now, the country is changing its viewpoint, from publicizing the Communist Party and the War of Resistance to the War of Resistance of the Two Parties. When propagating, the Spring and Autumn brushwork is also used, and many things are not clearly stated, and even the Spring and Autumn brushwork is used, and it is not said at all. For example, the Hengyang War of Resistance was that Fang Xianjue obviously surrendered, but he didn't say it clearly. Not necessarily. After Fang Xianjue surrendered, the Japanese army planned for Fang Xianjue to set up a puppet army unit named Xianhe Army. When Lao Jiang learned of this, he was greatly frightened and instructed Dai Li to rescue him. By November 18, Dai Li's men went deep into the Catholic Church and successfully rescued him.