After Shi Bufan said that he was established to fight for the futures market, in fact, he immediately continued: "Your Majesty, in fact, the benefits of this futures market are far more than that. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 The advantage of this futures market is not only to safeguard the interests of farmers, but also to establish a channel for the imperial court and various merchants to connect with commodities, and also to provide a channel for various merchants to reduce transaction risks. Because if it is a spot transaction, it is too risky, while futures trading is less risky. As long as it is not speculation, the risk of futures will be less than the risk of spot. Because futures are people's expectations of the future value of commodities, they can be very effective in guiding production. Farmers can decide whether to expand production based on the price of food in futures, so that they can avoid increasing production without increasing income. The same is true for others, such as the mine supervisors and metallurgical supervisors of the imperial court. ”

Perhaps in the eyes of many people, futures are just a speculative tool, but people in real economics know that futures did not actually originate for speculation. Rather, it is a forward transaction, and then the spot trading risk is reduced. And this futures can effectively predict future price movements, and can guide officials and various businessmen to produce or not. In many cases, the peasants in ancient times had a situation of increasing production but not increasing income, and if there was more grain, the grain would hurt the peasants, and in the end, the output would not increase. This futures can effectively judge the future grain trend, and then let the people know the grain trend, and then decide whether to increase or reduce the output according to the grain price situation, which can safeguard the interests of the people.

There was a time in later generations when futures were developed only as a guide for food price warnings, not just for futures. Futures are an early warning of the value of commodities, and if the price is high, it can be planned to increase production and stabilize prices. If the price is too low, then production can be cut as needed to maintain the price of the commodity. It is not normal for the price of any commodity to be too high or too low. Spot trading is often unable to achieve early warning, with this futures can largely warn the future price trend, although I dare not say 100% correct, but the general trend can also be warned. With early warning, it is avoided that excessive production will increase production without increasing income, and it can also hurt the people when the price is too high. With early warning, production planning can be guided according to the market, so this is the most important thing.

"Your Majesty, my Datang currently uses the salt and iron monopoly, etc., all kinds of salt and steel are monopolized by the imperial court. Even the mining supervisors and metallurgical supervisors of the imperial court are the property of the imperial court, and they are all official positions in the imperial court. However, these mine supervisors and metallurgical supervisors, I really dare not compliment the business results. From the point of view of the pastoral overseers everywhere, this is actually very difficult. Shi Bufan said.

Li Shimin smiled awkwardly, these mine, animal husbandry, smelting supervisors, etc., which belonged to the imperial court, and the "supervisors" of various names were actually the production departments of the ancient government, and they were responsible for the production of various materials. In Shi Bufan's eyes, these are actually the ancient "state-owned enterprises", but this kind of "state-owned enterprises" are even more terrible than the "state-owned enterprises" of later generations. Because they are upright countries in the preparation of official positions, not the embarrassing position of state-owned enterprises. On the contrary, they are all legally compiled, and they also enjoy official treatment.

However, since it is a "state-owned enterprise", they must almost have the difficulties encountered by state-owned enterprises in later generations. It's a mess of all kinds of organizational production plans, as well as all kinds of production quality, etc. The materials they produce are actually very ungrounded, and they are completely playing the piano.

During the Tang Dynasty, such "state-owned enterprises" were often government offices, which inevitably led to apportionment. For example, the quality and quantity of the products they produce are too much, far exceeding market expectations, which will inevitably cause a serious drop in commodity prices, and finally make the imperial court lose money. But the court lost money, what should they do? They will inevitably be held accountable, so they use the power in their hands to distribute to the various merchants and people, forcing them to buy at a high price. This will inevitably lead to the boiling of public discontent, and on the other hand, it will inevitably lead to the deformity of economic development. And such production is unorganized and unplanned, and that is even more terrible.

First of all, the quality of the various "state-owned enterprises" is uneven, some of them are of good quality, and some of them are cutting corners, so this is also a difficult place. And what caused all this is actually a kind of inflexibility, as officials, coupled with their monopoly operation, they naturally do not worry about any competition. In addition, they hold the official seal in one hand, but they do the work of the production department. And their political future has nothing to do with the industry they run, and it is not their own money that they lose money, and they do not feel sorry. So then they will definitely be in a good place and not worry about anything.

"Your Majesty, in the future, all the products produced by my various industries such as salt and steel and other industries of the imperial court can be directly put into this futures market for trading. This allows them to organize more production if the price is expected to be higher in the future. If the price is expected to be low, then the production can be cut in an organized way, so as to avoid the price being too high and hurting the people. It can also avoid the price being too cheap, and finally can avoid the loss of the imperial court by cutting production, and it can also safeguard the legitimate interests of the imperial court. Otherwise, the spot is directly used, so once it is produced, the price is either too high or too low, and it cannot be adjusted quickly. And with the early warning of futures, it can effectively organize production for our various industries and avoid the loss of the imperial court. Shi Bufan said.

Li Shimin also nodded his head when he said this, of course Li Shimin knew what those "state-owned enterprises" of the Tang Dynasty looked like, and this was almost incomprehensible. If spot trading is adopted, once the goods are insufficient, the price will rise too much, and the "state-owned enterprises" of the imperial court will not be able to produce a large number of goods in a short period of time, which will cause prices to rise, and finally the people will suffer. And once the supply exceeds demand, those "state-owned enterprises" will inevitably use power to forcibly apportion, and in the end the people will suffer. If there is an early warning of this futures, then the effective organization of production increase and reduction will actually reduce the risk for both parties.

"And, Your Majesty, if it is sold through futures, then it is clear at a glance whether the officials of the mines, construction, metallurgy, and salt supervision are competent. When the time comes, once they arrive at the futures market, those businessmen rush to buy the products of which mine, construction and metallurgical supervision and so on, and which one's product price is the highest, which means that one has the best quality, so it is very popular. However, if the price is so low that no one even wants to buy it, then they will see it done for themselves! Shi Bufan said.

"Ruthless, more ruthless!" Many officials also smiled bitterly in their hearts.

This is too ruthless, and it directly allows the products of those "state-owned enterprises" to enter the futures market, and then it will be marked which one produced it in the futures. When the time comes, it will be the time to test the reputation, if the product is good and the price is high, it will naturally be welcomed. But if the price is not good, and even reduced to the point that no one wants to buy, it is really sad. It is clear which of these officials has good political performance. In this way, those officials cannot force sales through the apportionment of power, and the price and various rush purchases are the best proof. Therefore, those "state-owned enterprises" that no one wants to buy at low prices will be managed by their officials themselves. So everyone's achievements are clear at a glance, but they are really forced to death.

And with this price competition in the futures market, it has to force the officials of those "state-owned enterprises" to work hard to produce, maintain quality, and take the initiative to serve. As long as the quality is maintained, then people can buy it. If they cut corners or something, then they will inevitably have an ugly face. Even if you are reluctant to be an official, how will you tell your colleagues in the future? How do you tell your colleagues that no one wants to buy what you produce, then you are really rubbish, do you still have the face to meet your colleagues? Therefore, such a clear result is forcing those "state-owned" officials to change, and if they don't change, they will die.

In fact, this is forcing those so-called "state-owned enterprise" officials to take the initiative to improve quality, so as to avoid being eliminated by the market. Shi Bufan's method is too ruthless, and the good days of those "state-owned enterprises" in the future will gradually pass, and whether their officials do well or not will be known by looking at their sales volume and various prices. The higher the sales volume and the higher the relative value, which naturally indicates that the better the quality of the effect and the better the reputation. But once the reputation and quality are not good, then no one will pay attention to you. And those "state-owned enterprise" officials who grasp quality and reputation well can rise step by step, while those "state-owned enterprises" with poor quality will naturally be eliminated in the face of this future.

It can be said that this futures market is also a process of big waves and sands, and whoever has good quality can naturally sell better, and officials can have more capital for promotion. Who can ignore such a "conspicuous" political achievement? Everything is based on the data, and it's hard to fake. The eyes of the masses are clear, and when the time comes, your achievements will be counted by the businessmen and the people, and you will not be able to apportionment them to others, so everything will be carried out according to the market, and you will have to force them to change.

This futures market is even more mixed for those "state-owned" officials. Those who are capable may be inspired to work hard and then go further. On the contrary, those who eat and wait for death, but they are beginning to worry about this policy, and when the time comes, their quality is not good, the price is low, and there are few people who buy it, then you are really going to be in trouble. Even if the boss doesn't punish you, do you have the face to continue to be a leader? Those subordinates hated you to death, at that time, other people's peers ate fragrant and spicy food, and they ate bran here, and their subordinates hated you to death as a leader. Once you are hated to death by your subordinates, then I'm afraid you won't ask for a transfer, and you will be embarrassed.

"The so-called please is better than to provoke, rather than you take the initiative to say to reform, it is better to force him to reform. Really good reforms are not made, but forced. Officials in ancient times were not really pedantic, there are no absolutely pedantic bureaucrats in this world, only to see if it is in their interests. The best way to do this is to guide the general trend and then force those guys to take the initiative to change. If the general trend does not change, then they will definitely not take the initiative to change. I took the initiative to adopt this kind of futures method, and when the time comes, their results will be clear at a glance, and they will definitely not be able to bear some of the data prices according to the futures. If they still want to make a fool of themselves, even if the court gives you money, but your results are clear at a glance, then how can you get it? When the time comes, are you embarrassed to continue to stay in that position and be a leader? I just want to force you to reform, if you don't follow the reform, then I'm afraid there are countless people who want to follow the change and pull you down. Shi Bufan thought to himself.

Fang Xuanling knew that this time was over, and this time he couldn't stop the development of this futures market. Because this is related to the interests of all strata, those small and medium-sized scholars rely on this futures market to get speculative opportunities, and the common people want a stable income, and even those turbidity current officials from poor families are all with one heart and must support. The officials of various "state-owned enterprises" are generally from poor backgrounds, so their elites will definitely hope to gain benefits through this policy and get the benefits of rising step by step. In the past, their performance was not easy to judge, but now that there is a unified judgment standard, it is natural that it is easy to judge the performance. With such conspicuous political achievements, if they are not promoted, it is really unreasonable.

So this time, Shi Bufan once again tore a big gap for the passage of the cold door to rise, which made Fang Xuanling heartbroken. The gap torn by Shi Bufan has become bigger and bigger, and the stoppers that the Shi clan has built over the years to block the rise of the cold door have become less and less solid. Shi Bufan has already set a precedent for the promotion of local county officials to state assassins, but now it is higher than this way again, giving those "state-owned" officials a basis for promotion, which is tantamount to being torn up a big gap.

What's even more terrifying is that this future, to a certain extent, also caters to the interests of those small and medium-sized scholars, and effectively tears apart the class solidification within the scholars. Therefore, the small and medium-sized scholars will also support this futures to a certain extent, and the only serious damage to this futures is those of the Dashi clan, and the other classes are all more or less beneficiaries, so Fang Xuanling feels crazy.

"Shi Bufan, it's really ruthless, it's the first time I've seen such a powerful person. He is the only one who can compete with me in the future. As for the eldest grandson Wuji, compared to his extraordinary means, he is nothing! Fang Xuanling looked at Shi Bufan, and then finally showed a vigilant gaze. (To be continued.) )