The Turks don't understand what they have that the Tang Dynasty can look up to. Because if the Turks really need something in the Tang Dynasty, I'm afraid this may not be a good thing! Because if there is really something in the Turkic steppe that the farming people of the Central Plains can look up to, and it is something of great value, then maybe those Xiongnu, Wuhuan, Xianbei and even Rouran people in the past will also trade with the Han people.

Why did the Turkic nomads raid them? In fact, it is more because of material scarcity. Don't look at the cattle and sheep on their grasslands, but what else are there besides cattle, sheep and horses? I don't think there's anything else. On the contrary, there are more in the Central Plains, there is grain, cloth, and even all kinds of materials are very rich, far more abundant than those steppes of the Turks. The reason why wars break out in human beings, except for some religious and other reasons, are actually mainly based on material resources for survival. Including territorial wars, in fact, they will only break out in order to compete for survival resources.

If there were the materials that these Han people needed back then, I am afraid that those nomads would have preferred peaceful trade to war. Because war is not only cruel to the Han Li Shuo, but also avoidable for the nomads. However, when the two sides traded, it was often the nomads who needed more things, and the Han people needed nothing but war horses. Beef and mutton or something, there are also places for the Han people, and even the Han people have pork, and with meat, there must be people who can afford to eat it, and there is not much meat to eat at present, so there is not so much need for meat. The only thing needed is a war horse. But war horses are military resources, even nomads are not stupid, and they will not give too much to the Han people so easily. In this way, the two sides will not be able to reach a deal, and it is naturally easy for war to break out.

War is the continuation of politics, politics is the embodiment of the economy, and the two sides do not have enough economic basis for mutual exchanges, which naturally causes political conflicts, and finally reflects in military wars. If Shi Bufan could help the Turks open up a trade channel, I am afraid that the Turks would not be willing to settle these conflicts through war. Peace-loving is actually the common idea of mankind all over the world, even if it is a Turkic people who claim to be predatory, in fact, if they are not seriously lacking in material resources, they will not want to plunder.

"It's very simple, you Turks have one thing that we need in the Tang Dynasty. That is also milk, goat's milk, mare's milk, etc., animal milk. These things are very good supplements, very effective supplements, and they can replenish the body after eating. We Han people may also need this kind of dairy product as a supplement, if we can drink dairy products, it can also strengthen the body. You Turks should understand that these milk, goat's milk, mare's milk things, are very useful! Shi Bufan said.

"Dairy?" Those Turks are speechless, how can they be?

But Tuli immediately said: "We can't drink all these milk, goat's milk, mare's milk, etc., and many of us have poured it." However, if it is not kept for a long time, this kind of dairy product will not be kept for a few days, and it will not be able to be transported at all. ”

The Turks, of course, knew that this milk and other mammalian milk were very good supplements. They also eat this kind of food regularly, and even they are raised with milk, which is not unusual for nomads. But in this era, it is not easy for the Han people in the Central Plains to drink milk. Because the preservation of fresh milk in ancient times was very limited, it was impossible to preserve these dairy products for a long time when there were no refrigerators and other means of preservation and disinfection. Preservation has always been an important issue for food in ancient times, and Westerners went outside to look for spices in order to keep food fresh, which led to the Great Voyage.

Food preservation is a problem that almost every ethnic group has to encounter. Therefore, fresh milk cannot be kept fresh, and naturally it cannot be trafficked to the Central Plains for sale over long distances, which is also the reason why the two sides cannot trade. The same goes for vegetables. It is precisely because vegetables cannot be transported over long distances that tea has replaced the status of vegetables and has become the most commonly used green food for nomads, supplementing nutrients and fiber.

"Quite simply, I have a way to keep dairy products for a long time, so that I can also ship them to our Datang for sale. When the time comes, you can make a fortune by selling dairy products, and then we can trade! With my method, the retention of fresh milk can be extended for at least half a year, which is enough to transport it to the densely populated places in our Central Plains. Shi Bufan said.

Even Tang Jian, when he heard this method, was shocked. If so, it can be said that the aggressiveness of the Turks was fundamentally dismantled, and a large part of the reason why the Turks were so aggressive was due to the lack of materials, coupled with the fact that nomadic and agrarian peoples often lacked dependence on trade. It is often the nomadic people who are very dependent on the materials of the farming people, but the farming people have very little dependence on the nomads.

According to Shi Bufan's knowledge of the relationship between international politics and economics, Shi Bufan knew very well that the deeper the interdependence of two countries or even two groups, the fewer contradictions between the two sides would be. The more economically dependent the two countries are, the less likely they are to break out into war, and the more friendly they are. On the contrary, if one is completely dependent on the other, it will not only be at a disadvantage in trade, but will easily erupt into contradictions and conflicts between the two sides. This is also a big source of conflict between the farming peoples and the nomads, the economic dependence of the two sides is completely unfavorable to the nomads, and the nomads are generally more powerful than the farming peoples, so they are also forced to use force to loot materials in a sense.

However, once the two sides open the channel of the transaction, and can conduct the transaction perfectly, the nomads will also calculate the "cost" in it. The outbreak of war may be a one-off robbery, but it will destroy a long-term relationship and cast a shadow on the relationship between the two sides in the future. But if it is traded for a long time, it can make those nomads fall into the trap of rats, regardless of whether they come randomly. Therefore, economic interdependence is the means to harmonize the two economies. Of course, this economy is not only between countries, but also between commercial companies. In short, the more interdependent economies are, the less likely they are to break out into large-scale war.

Once Shi Bufan opened this method of preserving fresh milk to the Turks, it meant that the Turks had chosen not to obtain resources through war, but through trade. In this way, it can be said that the Turkic problem was solved almost once and for all, and even the Turkic collapsed. This trade, in fact, was an effective means of suppressing nomads in the Ming Dynasty.

"Do you have any dairy products that have been sitting for a few days and then have solidified into a paste?" Shi Bufan asked.

Tuli looked for it, and sure enough, he found some dairy products that had solidified into a paste, apparently the mare's milk that had been milked from the war horse a few days earlier. But now it's been left for a few days, and it's become a paste. Shi Bufan looked at the creamy dairy product, and suddenly saliva stayed.

"Yogurt, I haven't eaten it in a long time!" Shi Bufan suddenly became greedy.

Shi Bufan was not polite, he directly picked up the yogurt, smelled the smell, and then made sure that it had not deteriorated, and began to eat it unceremoniously.

"It tastes good!" Shi Bufan did not hesitate to praise.

However, Tuli hurriedly asked: "It's been a few days, and after it has become a paste, it won't stay for a few days, and it's going to stink." Is there a way you can keep it longer? ”

Shi Bufan replied: "It's very simple, you bring some cloth with a large gap, so that we can all make cheese!" ”

Shi Bufan actually introduced the method to these Turks, that is, the method of making cheese. Cheese is a frequently used food in the West, mainly in the West and is very popular in the West. However, this cheese is a food that really originated in the West, originating in West Asia, and then introduced to Europe and flourished in Europe. Later, the Mongols deepened the exchanges between Asia and Europe through expeditions, so that the cheese of the West was combined with the dairy products of the nomads of the East, and the cheese of the East was made into the cheese of the East.

However, at present, the Turkic soldiers do not know how to make cheese, and cheese is only available in the West, and almost no one in the East understands it. Shi Bufan knows how to make cheese, in fact, thanks to his Mongolian colleague in college, this guy is really good at making cheese, and he often takes it to the school to eat it for everyone, and it tastes good. In the 21st century, all ethnic groups are still relatively harmonious, although some people shout about Mengyuan and Qing Tartar on the Internet, but in fact, there is no real hatred among various ethnic groups in life, and it is not as if the other party is a minority and shouts and kills.

So Shi Bufan often went to ask that guy for cheese to eat, and learned to make cheese by the way. Cheese has a much longer shelf life than fresh milk, and if it is made into dry cheese, it can be guaranteed to not spoil for more than a year.

The Mongolian colleague didn't hide his secrets, and took the initiative to make many flavors of cheese. Not only are there sweet and sour, and even the second production, but the cheese that is more in line with the taste of the traditional Han people has also been made.

"You see, now that the yogurt has been drained, it will gradually become harder after just a few days. In this way, he also became cheese, if it is sealed and cautious, it can be guaranteed that it will not deteriorate for half a year, and it can be sent to densely populated places in the Central Plains for sale. Of course, I can give you a few recipes, you can mix them yourself, and then try to meet the taste preferences of the Central Plains people as much as possible, so as to expand the number of sales. ”

"In the future, this is about ten catties of fresh milk, which can be made into one catty of cheese. And cheese is a good tonic, and I think even many of us in the Central Plains are willing to buy it. ”

The leaders of the Turkic tribes, as well as Tang Jian beside Shi Bufan, also had a light in their eyes. This cheese is really a good thing, even Han people know that dairy products are supplements, and dairy products are very high-grade supplements. In ancient times, dairy products were generally only available to emperors and nobles, and ordinary people may only be able to eat a few mouthfuls of breast milk when they were born, and they can hardly eat anything else for a lifetime.

However, this does not prevent most medical scientists from knowing that dairy products are supplements, but the number of cattle, sheep and horses in the Central Plains is too low to meet the needs. However, nomads waste large quantities of dairy products every year, because the fresh milk cannot be stored for too long, and it will soon spoil and cannot be transported over long distances. As a result, although the market demand in the Central Plains is huge, the transportation and preservation capacity cannot be eaten by them.

And the Turks also did these things that could produce wealth in a steady stream, and it was just a waste. Selling dairy products is better than selling war horses, and it is also a long-term business. Milk, goat's milk, mare's milk, etc., can be produced for a long time, and the future is like farming in the Central Plains, which can not only produce fresh milk. With this fresh milk, it means that the Turks have a means to trade all kinds of goods with the Han Chinese, and in the long term, it will not threaten the safety of their Turks.

To a large extent, the trade between the two sides has been balanced, and the trade dependence of the two sides has greatly increased. Once the Turkic dairy cheese arrived in the Central Plains, the people could also eat cheaper dairy products, so that more people could afford to eat dairy products as much as possible. Eating milk, goat's milk and other dairy products can strengthen the quality of a country's national population, and drinking milk is a very good way to increase the physical quality of the population.

Even parents in later generations know that they should give their children milk to grow their bodies! However, the ancient Han people did not have this condition, and their physical fitness sometimes could not keep up. You may even have to overdraw your life in exchange for an increase in physical fitness. But with this dairy product, both parties can take what they need as much as possible.

"Hahahaha, thank you! No matter what our relationship with Datang is in the future, you will always be my friend! Stubborn Sili took the initiative to say sincerely to Shi Bufan, obviously identifying him as a friend.

Even many Turkic nobles don't mind that the two sides are still in a hostile relationship, and they all recognize Shi Bufan. Because Shi Bufan opened the way for the future development of their tribe, they had the capital to trade with the Han people. Although they claim to be raiders, why would they risk plundering when they have enough supplies? Looting is very risky, and no one will risk it. If the risk of looting outweighs the risk of peaceful trade, then they will all choose to trade peacefully. In the past, the nomads and the farmers were not in a good balance between the two sides of the trade, which forced them to take risks and plunder. Therefore, Shi Bufan used dairy products to open up a way for them to sell those dairy products that could only be poured out, so that they could test dairy products in exchange for food materials in the Central Plains, and they could obtain a large number of materials, not afraid of being frozen to death in the snow when they were in danger. There is a normal trading channel, so that there is no need for both parties to fight to the death, and the relationship between the two parties is maintained.

This trade in dairy products is enough for countless Turkic herders to survive, which is why any Turkic would be grateful for Shi Bufan.