Chapter 271: A Generation of Famous Scholars

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At the end of August, Lu County.

Li Baiyao, the infantry captain of Surabaya Yingyang Mansion, took his son Li Anqi and Yiyu to arrive at Fubianqiu City with his son.

Li Baiyao was born in the Hanzhong House of the Li family in Zhao County, Shandong, and his father Li Delin, the Duke of Anping, was a Confucian Lin Taidou, a famous minister in China, the leader of the Shandong aristocratic group, well-known all over the world, and in his later years, he was defeated in the game with the Guanlong people, and died depressed. Unfortunately, he was involved in the dispute over the imperial system, as one of the important members of the "princeling", his career took a sharp turn for the worse, especially after the Holy Lord ascended the throne, he was first demoted to the border, and then directly dismissed.

Under his care, Li Baiyao re-entered the career and served as a small infantry captain in Yingyang Mansion in Surabaya, Lu County. At the beginning of last year, because his mother was seriously ill, he went home on leave, but during this period, the situation in Lu County deteriorated rapidly and was turbulent, so Li Baiyao delayed his return for various reasons.

In July this year, Duan Wencao, the Taishou of Lu County, personally wrote to Li Baiyao that the situation in southwest Lu was critical, and urged him to return to help him as much as possible.

Li Baiyao and his family already have blood lessons丨 and these lessons! The influence has not been eliminated, of course, Li Baiyao has to protect himself, especially in this situation where the political situation and the current situation are becoming increasingly chaotic, and there is a huge risk no matter how he stands in line, Li Baiyao is even more reluctant to come forward. His identity is destined to make him a "rising bird" no matter where he is, so at this moment he did not hesitate to choose to be a turtle with a shrunken head.

However, just because he wants to be a shrunken turtle doesn't mean he can be a shrunken head tortoise.

Li Baiyao's hometown is in Anping, Boling County, Hebei Province, although his branch traces back to the Hanzhong House of the Li family of Zhao County, but the ancestor has already moved to Hebei, but has a close connection with the three rooms of the Li family of Zhao County. Just like the Li Mi family, the origin is the Liaodong House of the Li family of Zhao County, but because the ancestor was an official in Guanlong, the descendants lived in Guanlong, and there was basically no connection with the descendants of the main hall of the Liaodong Fang. Li Baiyao is an outstanding son of the Li family, and his influence in the Confucian and political arena in Middle-earth is extraordinary, of course, this has a considerable relationship with the Li family of Zhaojun and his father Li Delin, if there is no backing of the behemoth of the Li family of Zhaojun, without the deep connections and huge political heritage left by Li Delin, it is impossible for Li Baiyao to have such power, but because of this, he has also become the target of the Guanlong aristocratic group, although the excuse to attack him has always revolved around his "princeling" identity, But it was clear from top to bottom in the Eastern Capital that attacking him was actually a blow to the Shandong people, and cutting off his career was actually to contain and weaken the power of the Li clan in Zhao County.

Since the unification of Middle-earth, the power of the five wealthy families in Shandong has been greatly weakened under the comprehensive suppression of the Guanlong aristocratic group, especially under the frontal resistance of the emerging aristocratic group, especially the emerging aristocratic group that has risen with military merits, and its influence on Middle-earth is not as good as before. This can be seen from the number of bureaucrats owned by the wealthy families, among the bureaucrats with the surname Han in the court today, the number of wealthy families such as the Wei's in Guanzhong, the Li family in Longxi, the Pei's family in Hedong, the Xue family, and the Liu family is the largest, followed by the Yuan's family and other wealthy families in the surname of the captive, and they all belong to the emerging aristocracy, although some wealthy families also have a history of hundreds or even thousands of years, but in the past, the aristocratic level was low, and the old nobles with a long history, a long history, and a good reputation in China are not comparable at all.

However, what really determines the status and nobility of the wealthy family is not history and glory, but strength, the possession of power and wealth in Middle-earth, and the control of the fate of Middle-earth.

The basis of the clan government is the aristocratic hierarchy, that is, the principle of "Shang surname", and when the nobles share power and wealth, they are not based on the size of their contributions, not the level of their official positions, but the rank of the family. In this dynasty, the first emperor and the present in order to establish a centralized system, in order to abolish the gate lord clan political system, the goal is to destroy the aristocratic hierarchy, destroy the aristocracy's right to distribute power and wealth, but this is too difficult, in essence it has shaken the ruling foundation of the dynasty, so it can only be taken step by step, and the first step is to reform the aristocratic hierarchy, with the principle of "Shang surname", reform to the principle of "Shang Guan", and determine the rank of the nobility by the size of the official position, but to "Shang Guan" as the principle, the important thing is to abolish the "hereditary system". And the "Nine Grades Zhongzheng" system of electing officials, which lasted for hundreds of years, and the "hereditary system" and the "Zhongzheng system" were the first means for the aristocracy to control the power and wealth of Middle-earth, and the resistance to reform can be imagined.

However, the resistance to this reform mainly came from the old aristocracy dominated by the five wealthy families in Shandong, because they occupied the most power and wealth in Middle Earth, and those new aristocrats, especially those who rose with military merits, were "tyrants" who were not even nobles at all in the past because of their low aristocratic rank, but because they occupied very little power and wealth, they naturally actively supported this reform, so these huge number of "local tyrants" immediately became the driving force for this reform, and the result was "hereditary system" and " The "Zhongzheng system" has been abolished successively, which is also the reason why the strength of the old nobles of China, mainly the two major aristocratic groups of Shandong and Jiangzuo, has been severely attacked, and their power has been curbed and weakened by Yan.

You have touched my cheese, taken my rations, endangered my life, of course I will fight back, so the old nobles could not bear it anymore, and finally drew their swords in a rage.

Li Baiyao's hometown Anping is very close to the main hall of the Li family in Zhao County, more than 200 miles away, so since Li Delin's ancestors, their descendants of the Li family from Hanzhong House are not only the same interests, but also have a more closely related fate. At the critical moment, the elders of the Li family found Li Baiyao and revealed two amazing information to him, Li Baiyao was very shocked, and immediately packed his bags, said goodbye to his old mother, wife and children, and rushed to Lu County day and night.

Li Baiyao has a mansion in Bianqiu, which was given by a wealthy man in Lu County as a gift for his son's apprenticeship. It is a great honor to be able to worship under the door of Master Li, even if the prince of the year and the scholar of the East Palace suffered a lot in his career, but his status in Confucianism has not decreased but increased, and his influence in the north and south of the river is still eye-catching. At the beginning, the Holy Lord demoted him out of the capital and directly "assigned" him to Guizhou, which is today's Guilin, Guangxi, which is very far away from the east, and its purpose is to minimize his influence on the political affairs of China and Confucianism. Later, due to the reform of the administrative division system, the prefecture was abolished and the number of bureaucrats decreased, and some people in the eastern capital took the opportunity to remove Li Baiyao from his official post in order to get him back from the barren land on the border. There is no official to do, and it is impossible to go home, of course, Li Baiyao can only go home to farm and teach, so Li Baiyao returned to Shandong, so Li Delin, Li Baiyao's father and son's disciples, protégés, relatives and friends came one after another, and the political forces of the Li family were once again united because of the return of their "leaders".

Soon, Li Baiyao's influence in Confucianism was restored, and his influence in Confucianism was basically the same as his influence in politics, and there was also a certain amplification effect.

Confucianism is the foundation of the Middle-earth aristocracy and bureaucracy, Confucianism's academic theories and views, and the politics of Middle-earth are complementary to each other, the two need each other, influence each other, and develop together, which is also the reason why the wealthy families based on academic culture can not only last for thousands of years, but also always affect and even determine the fate of Middle-earth, and it is also the fundamental gap between the emerging nobles and low-class families in Middle-earth and these wealthy families. This is also the core contradiction and the biggest obstacle to the reform of the centralized system after the reunification of China and Turkey.

Since recorded history, any kind of political system in Middle Earth needs to have academic theories that adapt to it, especially since the Han Dynasty, the complementarity between the political system and Confucianism has become a kind of heavenly law that is difficult to violate.

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty implemented centralization, respected Confucianism, and deposed hundreds of schools, while Dong Zhongshu's Neo-Confucianism "escorted" the centralization of power of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty with new ideas such as "great unification", "induction of heaven and man", and "governing the country by virtue". However, since the Wei and Jin dynasties, Middle-earth has fallen into more than 400 years of division and war, dynastic change has been as fast as a marquee, the government of the gate lord clan has replaced the centralized system, Dong Zhongshu's neo-Confucianism has also lost its "market", and the culture of Middle-earth has entered the period of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. In this political cultural background, the great division of Middle Earth to the great unification must be the great unification of the territory, the great unification of the political system, or the great unification of academic theories that are compatible with the political system.

Now, the first emperor, the holy lord and their like-minded people have unified the territory of Middle Earth, and then they have implemented the reform of the political system, trying to complete the unification of the political system and replacing the system of the gate lord clan with a centralized system, but according to historical experience, if you want to complete the reform of the centralized system, you must also carry out cultural unification, that is, rebuild the Confucian academic theory based on the "divine right of the monarch" and the "Mandate of Heaven" that is compatible with the centralized system.

However, today's era is not an era of exclusive respect for Confucianism, nor is it an era of a hundred schools of thought, but an era in which the three religions of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism stand on their own.

Of course, with the great unification of the territory of Middle Earth, with the clarification of the great unification of the political system, and with the faster and faster pace of reform of the "great unification", the cultural "great unification" has also become an irreversible historical trend. The survival of the fittest, those who conform to the trend will survive, this is the truth, but also the law of heaven, so Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism are trying to adapt to the times, to adapt to the tide of reform of "great unification".

As an outsider, Buddhism has a natural disadvantage, but the reason why it can flourish in Middle-earth is directly related to the troubled times of Middle-earth for nearly 400 years, and its comprehensive and almost crazy penetration of the economy and culture of Middle-earth politics not only endangers the rise and fall of the dynasty, but also endangers the survival and development of the local Confucian culture, and contradictions and conflicts are inevitable, so there are two "extermination of Buddha" movements of Emperor Taiwu of the Northern Wei Dynasty and Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty in history. Buddhism has learned a lesson丨In order to survive, it took the initiative to reform, not only to integrate Buddhism between the north and the south internally, to actively cooperate with the needs of politics, but also to integrate externally, and to absorb a large number of Confucian and Taoist teachings when interpreting the Buddhist scriptures, and even tampering with the scriptures at any cost.

The strength of Taoism in the three religions ranks last, especially the Northern Religion, which is active in Guanlong's Louguan Dao, which was also wiped out in the "Buddha Extermination" movement of Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and the Southern Sect "Shangqing School" has always been supported by the Jiangzuo Imperial Court, and it has developed very quickly, but in the face of the new era of "great unification", the two religions in the north and south have also begun to integrate with each other, and they also take the initiative to absorb Buddhist teachings, learn from each other's strengths, and make every effort to resist Buddhism.

Since Confucianism was revered by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, its culture has become the orthodox culture of Middle-earth, and its ideas have become the orthodox ideology of Middle-earth, which has penetrated into all aspects of society and profoundly affected the moral norms and codes of conduct of society. Since the Wei and Jin dynasties, the dominant modern literature and scriptures have fallen into a dead end, and the ancient scriptures have risen rapidly, and gradually become the foundation of governing the country, so the biggest resistance to the exhibition of foreign Buddhism is the local Confucianism, and it is mainly from Shandong to the ancient scriptures from generation to generation of wealthy families.

Confucianism is the study of governing the world, Buddhism is the teaching of the world, the two are opposites, but Buddhism advises the world to be compassionate and charitable, and to purify all sentient beings, which is basically consistent with the Confucian spirit of benevolence of "giving to the people and being able to help the people", so there is a harmony between the two, which is also an important reason why the nobles and bureaucrats in Middle-earth study Confucianism at the same time, are very devout to believe in Buddhism and worship Buddha, and it is precisely because a large number of aristocratic bureaucrats support Buddhism in politics and use Buddhism that Buddhism has suffered two devastating blows. But the reason why it is still thriving.

In the reform of the "great unification" of Middle-earth culture, the most famous means is the debate between Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism.

In the third year of the emperor's reign (583 AD), the first emperor convened representatives of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism to debate the authenticity of the "Laozi Huahu Jing". The representative of Confucianism is Su Wei and other famous scholars, Buddhism is the monk Yancong, and Taoism is the Taoist priest Zhang Bin.

In the third year of the Great Cause (UU7 AD), another public debate on the three religions was held in Zhizang Temple, this time on theories and doctrines. The debate was presided over by Yang Hong, a Taoist priest in Taoism and a monk in Buddhism.

From these two debates, it can be seen that Confucianism, which is mainly based on ancient texts and scriptures, in order to maintain its position as the foundation of governing the country, joined forces with Taoism to "charge" Buddhism, which threatens the overall interests of Middle-earth and its own interests. The integration of Confucianism and Buddhism is impossible, the purpose of Buddhism and Confucianism is to survive, and the absorption of Buddhist teachings by Confucianism is a means to fundamentally and completely destroy Buddhism.

On the one hand, the source of resistance is that Buddhism has flourished, penetrated into all aspects of the economy and culture of Confucianism and Taoism, and on the other hand, the supreme ruler needs the support of Buddhism and Taoism in politics.

The founding of the first emperor was nominally a Zen subject, but in fact it was a usurpation, and in order to justifiably usurp the country, it was necessary to win the support of the common people in public opinion and win the righteousness in academic theory. This was crucial for the first emperor and his followers, compared to the lack of Confucian support at the time, and the Shandong people even supported the rebellion of Wei Chijiong, Sima Xiaonan and Wang Qian, who almost overthrew the first emperor.

The Holy Lord can win the imperial unity, the most important thing is to have the absolute support of the Jiangzuo aristocratic group, and the Jiangzuo aristocratic group and the southern Buddhism and Taoism are very closely related in politics and economy, so to speak, if you want to win the support of the Jiangzuo aristocratic group, you must first win the support of southern Buddhism and Taoism, so the Holy Lord in Jiangzuo during the war, actively "public relations" Buddhism and Taoism, received the "Bodhisattva vows" in Buddhism, the law name "always hold the Bodhisattva", in Taoism not only to support the first immortal of southern Taoism Xu Ze, He also had close contacts with many famous Taoist priests such as Wang Yuanzhi, the master of Shangqing Taoism. After ascending the throne, the Holy Lord continued to spare no effort to support the exhibition of Buddhism and Taoism, so as to publicize the reform policy on a large scale in public opinion, and at the same time strive to win more and greater support in politics.

This is where the core contradiction lies in the reform of cultural unification.

Confucianism is the foundation of governing the country, but today's Confucianism, which is mainly based on ancient texts and classics, is no longer suitable for the development of the times, and in the reform of the "great unification" of the government, which is dominated by centralized power, it not only does not play a helpful role, but on the contrary plays a hindering role. However, the Confucianism of Middle Earth is essentially in the hands of the northern wealthy families with the five wealthy families of Shandong, and the emerging aristocratic group dominated by the Guanlong people is a "short board" in academic thought, which is beyond the reach of the dust, so they have to rely on the Shandong people in the Confucian theory needed to govern the country, but the Shandong people are the losers of interests and the deprived of power and wealth in the reform of the "great unification", and of course there is no motivation for reform.

Since the people of Shandong have no motivation for reform, of course they will not help the people of Guanlong and provide supporting Confucian theories for the reform of great unification. However, Confucianism "does not want to forge ahead", does not reform, does not innovate, and cannot promote the progress of reform in public opinion, then in turn it forces the Guanlong people to rely on Buddhism and Taoism to control public opinion, especially the supreme ruler and reformers, and they lack the strength to support Confucianism in the reform of cultural "great unification", which is equivalent to supporting Buddhism and Taoism in disguise, and the resistance to the reform of "great unification" of culture is increasing unabated.

Culture cannot be "great unification", and Confucian theory and thought cannot actively cooperate with the reform of the centralized system, so we can imagine how great the resistance to the reform of "great unification" is, and how strict the contradictions between the Guanlong people and the Shandong people are, and these resistance and contradictions, in turn, endanger the great cause of the reunification of Middle Earth.

Li Baiyao returned to Shandong and returned to Confucianism in China, it doesn't matter if he can re-enter the official career, his influence in politics is not how big an official he is, how much power he has, but his theoretical thinking in economics and history, which is where his real value lies.