December 11, evening, Xi'an. Pen & Fun & Pavilion www.biquge.info

Yang Huchenghe and Zhang Xueliang invited all walks of life in Xi'an to watch a play at the Xi'an Yi Folk Society. In the past few days, party and government officials who have come to Xi'an have attended one after another.

Speaking of Xi'an Yi Folk Society, it has a history.

Xi'an Yi Folk Society, formerly known as Shaanxi Ling Society, founder Sun Renyu, is a famous Qin dialect class, and in the history of drama research, is recognized as one of the three ancient drama societies in the world's art world, Yi Vulgar Society, the Bolshoi Theatre, and the British Royal Theatre are known as the world's three ancient drama societies.

It was already late after the show, and Zhang Yang and the others saw off the adults and returned to Zhiyuan by car. At this time, the middle and senior officers of the Northeast Army and the 17th Route Army had gathered.

Yang Hucheng said: "Deputy commander, say it." ”

Zhang Xueliang briefly said a few opening remarks and said, "So, I decided to start admonishing soldiers. ”

Yu Xuezhong said: "What should I do after I arrest Lao Jiang? ”

Zhang Xueliang decisively said: "I'll talk about it after I catch it." Is there any opposition? Good. As far as the action is concerned, the various units set off, and at 4 o'clock in the morning tomorrow, Xi'an Lintong will act together. ”

The officers received the order and went back to the barracks. After a while, a team of men and horses drove out and scattered to various important places in Xi'an, and a large group of people and horses took a car out of the city and killed Lintong.

Lao Jiang really forced Zhang Yang to have no way out this time.

Now, Lao Chiang has just pacified Guangdong, and it can be said that the overall situation of the whole country has stabilized a little, and if the Red Army that had just arrived in barren northern Shaanxi was wiped out, and by the way, the three Ma Jia armies in Ningxia, Gansu, and Qinghai were brought under his banner, and then Xinjiang was pressed closely, then the overall situation of the whole country would be even more stable.

At this step, Lao Jiang felt that he had already seen the overall situation of the whole country in front of him, just like the fruit had ripened, and he was just five minutes away from picking it.

It just so happened that his birthday arrived, and the whole country began to celebrate his birthday, and the way to celebrate his birthday was to donate money to buy an airplane. Lao Jiang couldn't wait, and had already transported the army along the Longhai Railway to the Tongguan area, and he went to Luoyang first and then to Xi'an in the name of avoiding longevity, urging the suppression of northern Shaanxi.

At this time, Lao Jiang is no longer the old Jiang who worshiped Zhang Shaoshuai at the beginning, he was complacent, and when he talked to Zhang Xueliang, he reprimanded him at every turn, asking Zhang what he had read, why he didn't obey the order, and didn't take my leader's order as an order.

The students knew that Lao Jiang lived in Huaqingchi, Lintong, so they broke out of Xi'an, shouting slogans all the way to Lintong to petition. Lao Chiang learned that he ordered the guards to set up machine-gun positions on the road to stop the students from advancing.

This place where the machine gun position is set up is called Baqiao, which is the place in the poem "every year willow color, Baling hurts farewell".

Zhang Xueliang had just left from Lintong, and when he saw this scene, he persuaded the students to return, asking them to believe that they would give everyone an explanation in a few days. It can be said that this public speech shows that Zhang Xueliang has pushed himself into a corner.

In fact, it was Lao Jiang who forced Zhang into a corner. Lao Jiang proposed, if you don't suppress the Communist Party, you can do it, the Northeast Army will be transferred to Fujian for repair, and the 17th Route Army will be transferred to Anhui for repair, and I will suppress the Communists.

This is a move that Lao Jiang has been preparing for a long time. It was this move that forced Zhang Yang to a dead end.

At 4 a.m. on December 12, 1936, Lintong.

Sun Mingjiu was his later name, and he was still called Sun Mingjiu at this time. Sun Mingjiu was the commander of the Guards Battalion, and was selected to go to Japan in 1928 to study at the Army Non-commissioned Officer School. This time, he was mainly responsible for Hua Qingchi's operations. When the time came, the brigade rushed in, and the guards realized that something was wrong and immediately opened fire. However, the battle was not fierce, and Huaqing Pond was soon occupied.

Sun Mingjiu entered Lao Jiang's bedroom in the five halls of Huaqing Pool, and saw that the room was empty, the back window was open, Lao Jiang's military hat, leather bag and dentures were placed on the table, and there was a coat hanging on the hanger.

After Sun Mingjiu called to report, he led the people to search the mountain. Lao Jiang's car is still there, the quilt is still hot, where can he go?

Seeing that Lao Jiang hadn't been caught, Zhang was a little anxious, so he connected the phone to Lintong to inquire, and it was Bai Fengxiang who answered the phone.

Zhang asked if he had found Jiang, but he said that he hadn't, and Zhang Xueliang ordered: "If you can't find the chairman at 9 o'clock, send your head!"

After searching for a while, it was dawn.

Halfway up the mountain, Chen Sixiao, the squad leader of the Eighth Company of the Second Battalion, grabbed an old Jiang guard. When Sun Mingjiu heard the news, he hurried up.

The guard shivered in the cold wind, but he refused to tell where Lao Jiang was. It was later learned that this person was Lao Jiang's personal guard and nephew Jiang Xiaozhen.

Sun Mingjiu pointed a pistol at Jiang Xiaozhen's head and asked where Chairman Jiang was. Although Jiang Xiaozhen still refused to speak, he unintentionally glanced at the mountain.

Sun Mingjiu said: "On it, search!" ”

The mountain-searching troops searched a stone gorge cave on the east side of a tiger grouper halfway up the mountain, and saw a person hiding behind the stone, so they shouted, "What person, come out!" ”

Lao Jiang showed his head and asked rhetorically one after another: "Who are you, what kind of troops are you?" ”

Lao Jiang was barefoot, bareheaded, with a bronze silk robe on his upper body and white pajama pants on his lower body, trembling in the wind. Lao Jiang is in the clouds and fog at this time. He didn't know what kind of troops were attacking Hua Qingchi, he was obviously most worried about the Red Army attack, and asked, "Where did you come from?" ”

Sun Mingjiu replied: "We are the Northeast Army!"

When Lao Jiang heard this, he immediately breathed a sigh of relief, and immediately said, "Oh, you are Camp Commander Sun, Sun Mingjiu." ”

How could Lao Jiang know my name?

Lao Jiang said: "Someone reported it to me. You're a good young man!"

Lao Jiang's implication is that someone reported that he was saying good things.

Sun Mingjiu continued: "It was Deputy Commander Zhang who ordered us to protect the chairman, and asked the chairman to enter the city, lead us to resist Japan, and fight back to the northeast!"

Lao Jiang understood, the incident was really done by Zhang Shaoshuai, and said: "You are a comrade, just shoot me to death." ”

Sun replied, "We don't shoot." We only ask you to lead us in the fight against Japan. ”

Chiang Kai-shek sat on the boulder and said, "Call Zhang Shaoshuai, and I will go down the mountain." ”

Sun: "Young Marshal Zhang is not here, the troops in the city have revolted, and we are here to protect you." ”

Lao Jiang felt much more relieved. Sun Mingjiu asked Chiang Kai-shek to go down the mountain, and Lao Chiang said: "I can't walk because of low back pain!" Send a horse to take me down the mountain. ”

Sun Mingjiu: "There are no horses here, I can carry you down the mountain." As he spoke, he squatted down in front of Chiang Kai-shek. Chiang Kai-shek hesitated for a moment and lay on his back.

Descending the mountain, the servants brought shoes, and Sun Mingjiu sent Jiang to an open-top sedan with license plate number 1577.

At about 9 o'clock, Jiang was escorted to Xi'an, where he lived in the Sui Department Building, which was also called the Xincheng Building. At this time, all the military and political officials of the Nanjing Government in Xi'an had been detained before Chiang arrived in Xi'an, and Jiang Zuobin, minister of the interior, Chen Cheng, vice minister of military affairs, and Wei Lihuang, director of the appeasement of the Henan-Hubei-Anhui border region, were all detained in the Xi'an guest house.

After Lao Jiang stayed, his belongings were also given to him. In the evening, on page 195 of his diary, he wrote down a diary on December 12, the 25th year of the Republic of China:

"At half past five o'clock in the morning, ** finished exercising, was putting on his clothes, suddenly heard a gunshot in front of the gate, and ordered the guards to look, but did not return, and the second shot fired; A second person was sent to investigate, and the gunfire continued to ......".

And then: "...... Out of the back mountain, through the flying rainbow bridge to the east side of the back door, the door is open, the hurried guard can not be the key, but out of the wall. This wall is only a few feet above the ground, and it is not difficult to cross; But outside the wall is facing a deep ditch, and in the darkness I don't feel that I have lost my footing, and I can't do it in pain after landing on the ground. After about three minutes, he reluctantly set off, not dozens of steps, to a small temple, guarded by guards, and supported to climb. There is no mountain trail in the eastern corner of this mountain, and the westward journey is afraid of encountering rebels, so it still travels eastward, the mountain top is steep, and the climb is groped up......"

It's really cool, the high wall of "off the ground" is also "not difficult to cross", after the wall, fly down, fall into the deep ditch, escape in a hurry, the eagerness to survive recklessly, leap on the paper.

Later, in his diary, Lao Jiang said: "This incident is a major setback in the course of our national revolution: those who have worked hard to suppress bandits in eight years are expected to be able to complete their achievements in two weeks (at most one month). ”

At noon, Zhang Yang announced an eight-point proposal, announcing the abolition of the Northwest Bandit Suppression Headquarters and the establishment of the Northwest Provisional Military Committee of the Anti-Japanese Allied Army, with Zhang and Yang serving as the chairman and vice chairman respectively.

Zhang Yang's eight-point proposal was to electrify the whole country, and put forward eight proposals, including the reorganization of the Nanjing Nationalist Government, the cessation of the civil war, the release of the leaders of the National Salvation Association and all political prisoners, the opening up of the people's patriotic movement, the protection of the people's freedom of assembly and association, the implementation of Sun Yat-sen's will, and the convening of the National Salvation Conference.

Zhang Xueliang said: "What do you think will happen next?" ”

Yang Hucheng said: "Deal with him, unless the Communist Party fails." ”

Zhang Yang then sent a telegram to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, requesting that representatives be sent to Xi'an to discuss the plan of uniting to resist Japan.

At noon, Zhang Xueliang came to see Lao Jiang.

Zhang Xueliang entered the house and said, "Chairman." ”

Lao Jiang: "Since this is the case, don't call me the chairman, just shoot me." ”

Zhang Xueliang handed over a piece of paper and said: "These are eight political proposals, and as long as the chairman signs them, he will still be my chairman." ”

Jiang slapped the table and said, "Let me sign, unless you shoot me!"

Zhang Xueliang: "The fall of the Northeast and the abandonment of Rehe are the result of your instructions, Chairman of the Committee. ”

Lao Jiang: "If I let you abandon it, you will abandon it?"

Zhang Xueliang was very annoyed and said: "Soldiers regard obedience to orders as their duty, and abandonment at that time was caused by obeying your orders. ”

Zhang Xueliang saw that there was no result, so he had to leave.

As for whether Chiang gave Zhang an order not to resist, only Chiang and Zhang knew. With Zhang's character, how can he say it.

The statement that after the "18 September" incident, Lao Chiang ordered Zhang Xueliang not to resist mainly comes from the memories of Zhang Xueliang's secretary Guo Weicheng, the generals of the Northeast Army, Sun Depei, He Zhuguo, and Feng Yuxiang.

A more widespread legend is that after the Xi'an Incident, Zhang Xueliang defended himself in military law, saying: In the past, the Chinese people accused me of betraying the Northeast, and now I want to read a telegram given to me by Chairman Chiang, and as he spoke, he took out a small purse from his coat pocket and read the telegram from it, to the effect that the old Chiang ordered Zhang Xueliang not to resist Yunyun during the "September 18" incident. Zhang later discerned that it was not Chiang's order not to resist, but his own misjudgment.

The Xi'an Incident stirred up a thousand waves with one stone, and some countries began to act, and some began to observe closely.

Japan was the first to act. Japan received a telegram, and information reached Tokyo almost at the same time, and at the same time, major Japanese newspapers began to report on the incident. Japan was the first foreign newspaper to report on the incident, and many other countries got the news from Japanese newspapers.

The parties took action.

In the afternoon, a small plane landed on the road outside Lintong.

When the armored regiment of the 17th Route Army stationed there saw it, it immediately surrounded it and detained it.

After interrogation, I learned that the pilot was Cai Xichang, the flight leader of the Kuomintang Luoyang Air Force Branch.

When Wang Xun, principal of the Kuomintang Luoyang Air Force Branch, learned that Chiang Kai-shek had been detained in Lintong, he urgently sent Cai Xichang, the leader of the flight group, to fly directly to Lintong in a small training plane, the Beiping, in an attempt to "save the driver." There was no airport here, so Cai Xichang ventured to land on the road.