Chapter 235: The Treaty of San Francisco

Of course, there is one more thing to do before signing. Russian Foreign Minister Ramsdorff was almost ignored by everyone, and in an environment where all countries unanimously demanded to weaken Tsarist Russia's power in the Far East, Ramsdorff did not do much at all, especially on the battlefield, and he had no confidence in speaking.

On the 11th, Japan and Tsarist Russia began formal talks, and the talks were quite simple, Zhang Taiyan watched from the wall and did not say a word, and Rolmore, Huluut, Ruweier, and Kato Takaaki besieged Ramsdorff alone. Japan has already been weakened by China, and if it loses Manchuria, it will no longer have the strength to turn over, so Japan will certainly keep the areas it currently occupies in Manchuria.

For Tsarist Russia, the ice-free port of Arthur could allow them to do their best, but they could not fight on the battlefield, let alone at the negotiating table, and finally on the day of the negotiation, Japan and Russia reached an agreement on the terms.

On December 13, 1905, the Japanese-Russian Treaty of San Francisco and the Sino-Japanese Treaty of San Francisco were signed one after another, collectively known as the Treaty of San Francisco. Judging by the Francisco-Japanese Treaty of San Francisco, Russia is more like a defeated country.

The main content of the Russo-Japanese Treaty of San Francisco was that Japan stationed a division in Korea, Russia and China also stationed a division-sized force in Korea, and the Korean Empire, as an independent country, was not protected by any country. Russia transferred to Japan all the rights and interests of the Luda lease and its annexes; Russia owns the section of the China Eastern Railway from Changchun to Shenyang and all the rights and property thereof, including coal mines, etc., Japan owns all the rights of the branch line of the China Eastern Railway from Shenyang to Lushun and all the rights thereto, Shenyang and its surrounding areas are occupied by Japan, and both Japan and Russia can station troops along the railway line that they occupy, and the number of troops stationed in both countries shall not exceed 30,000; Russia announced the abolition of all rights and interests in the North-East that were contrary to opportunistic equality.

Compared with the historical Prussian Treaty, Russia still retains certain rights and has not lost everything. In particular, a division of troops was retained in the Korean region, and from then on Korea entered the era of the rule of the Three Kingdoms. In addition, Russia did not transfer Sakhalin Island and all the nearby islands south of the 50th parallel to Japan to Japan.

In any case, it was not a victorious treaty for Russia, which had lost a large number of rights and interests in the northeast at great expense. In particular, Port Arthur was a major blow to Tsarist Russia, and also laid the groundwork for the subsequent disputes.

The main contents of the Sino-Japanese San Francisco Treaty include:

China, Russia, and Japan have equal interests in the Korean region, each with a division-sized army, and the independent status of the Korean Empire is guaranteed, and no country can annex the Korean Empire.

Japan paid 50 million Chinese dollars in compensation to China, to be paid in three years, with a total of 61 million Chinese dollars in principal and interest. In fact, in the first year after the treaty was signed, Japan completed the reparations. Loans from Western banks have made Japan deep.

Japan returned the Penghu Islands and the Ryukyu Islands to China, and in the Taiwan island area, the two countries were bounded by Taichung in the west and Hualien in the east, with China occupying the south and Japan occupying the north, and all Taiwan's affiliated islands such as ****** and Chiweiyu were handed over to China for occupation, and Japan handed over the rights of Taiwan, Ryukyu, Penghu and other regions and handed over all fortresses, weapons, factories and all ancillary public objects to China.

Japan must have no more than 20,000 tons of battleships, 30,000 tons of armored cruisers, and no more than 300,000 land forces in ten years.

The Chinese Concession of Kagoshima Port and its affiliated areas in Japan for 99 years. The rent is 100,000 Chinese dollars per year, and the military expenses of the Chinese army garrison are borne by Japan.

Hwakook has the right to garrison the port of Jeju on Jeju Island. Japan and Russia shall not hinder interference in Jeju Island, which has outstanding political, economic, and military interests, such as the right to guide, protect, and supervise.

China has the right of navigation in the Tsushima Strait.

On the date of ratification of the exchange of this Treaty, the war shall cease according to the army.

After the treaty was signed, Rolmo breathed a sigh of relief, and it seemed that Japan still retained hope for a resurgence, and retained some rights and interests in Korea and Tohoku. With the help of the plundering of the two places, it may not be impossible to rearm. As for the number of navies and land forces limited in the treaty, Rolmo scoffed at it, and the treaty was meant to be torn up. What the future will look like is not certain!

When the news reached St. Petersburg, a pale-faced Nicholas II ordered a strict blockade of news about the details of the Treaty of San Francisco, and once it came out, it would be a huge blow to the reputation of the royal family, and perhaps those revolutionary parties would use it to attack the royal family and the government, incite the common people, and cause political instability.

In addition, the soldiers on the northeastern front also began to retreat to the European part, leaving only about 30,000 men as stipulated in the agreement. In order to win this war, Russia can be said to have done its best, and the more than 500,000 troops on the front line need a very huge amount of logistics materials, which makes the relatively weak Russian economy even worse and can no longer withstand the tremendous pressure. In addition, the navy has been destroyed, there is not a single existing Russian warship, and the coastal defense is extremely weak, and new warships must be replenished as soon as possible. As for the aftermath of the dead and wounded soldiers of the Army, no one in the upper echelons cared about this.

This tragic ending made Nicholas II not blame the soldiers, ministers and generals at home, nor the Japanese, but poured out all his resentment on Huaguo. In his opinion, if it were not for the fact that China had not sided with Russia in the negotiations, Russia would probably have obtained the coveted Lushun outlet to the sea - everything was the work of the hateful yellow race! After that, Nicholas II returned to the "**** theory", regarded China as a great enemy, and actively moved closer to Britain and France because of the dispute of interests in the Far East.

There was silence in Russia, there was mourning in Japan, and the biggest beneficiary of this war was jubilation in China. After the establishment of the Chinese state, the repeated defeat of foreign invaders has greatly boosted the morale of the people, and in this war, not only defeated Japan, avenged the revenge of the First Sino-Japanese War, but also obtained huge benefits, regain some of the interests lost in the First Sino-Japanese War, although there are still not perfect places, although the northeast and northern Taiwan are still in the hands of the invaders, but the people believe that their country will completely regain those areas!

The end of the war was also a lot easier for China, a young country, not a stable and perfect economic system, in the face of such a war between countries, there is a huge risk, but fortunately, it is smooth and time-consuming. From the Battle of Tsushima to the pacification of Kyushu Island, it took no more than two months, and the subsequent battles required several times fewer supplies, and the impact on the economy was minimized.

And the large amount of benefits brought by the signing of the treaty was enough to wipe out the cost of the war, or even greatly exceeded. The indemnity of 50 million Chinese dollars is of little effect, but there is too much to use on Jeju Island, southern Taiwan, and the Ryukyu Islands. In 1906, a large amount of private capital poured into the three places, and the fishing industry in the three places, the animal husbandry in Jeju Island, and the agriculture and light industry in Taiwan all developed rapidly, and the state-led economic development and infrastructure construction brought about a more obvious driving role. The navy established a large naval base on Iwo Jima in the Ryukyu Islands, and the army also had a garrison, and the entry of the army led to the development of the local economy in the Ryukyus.

However, the sovereignty of Jeju Island and the Ryukyu Islands was still disputed, and the Korean Empire demanded that China return Jeju Island, but the Chinese ignored it, and the Korean Empire did not even dare to send officials to Jeju Island - in Seoul, the royal palace of the Korean Empire was guarded by the armies of China, Japan and Russia, and the so-called Korean Empire existed in name only, and the land of the Korean Peninsula was divided equally among the three countries, with the southernmost part occupied by Japan, the middle part being Hwaguo, and the most barren part in the north belonging to Russia.

The descendants of the Ryukyu Kingdom also demanded the re-establishment of the Ryukyu Kingdom, and even called for it in the newspapers of Shanghai, winning the sympathy of many people. However, the position of the Ryukyus was too important, and LĂź Liang was not worried about letting a second regime appear on this small island nation, so he simply refused the request of the descendants of the Ryukyu Kingdom.

The relatively rough handling method is likely to leave trouble, but time is running out, and there is not so much time left for Lu Liang to deal with those details. On the last day of 1905, a convoy full of army units set sail from Xiamen to Kaohsiung in southern Taiwan and Taichung in central Taiwan, with a total of two divisions to stabilize the ruling order in Taiwan's Chinese-occupied areas, sweep away what was left over from Japanese rule, and bring Taiwan back under Chinese rule.

It has been more than 10 years since it was ceded up, and the tragic and tragic resistance movement of those years has long since disappeared, and the resistance movement organized by the Taiwan people has fully embodied the spirit of the Chinese people yearning for freedom, as well as the strongest spirit of resistance buried in the bottom of their hearts. It's just that the scimitars of the Black Flag Army can't resist the Japanese artillery, and the bows and arrows of the Gaoshan people can't stop the Japanese muskets.

The Japanese did not strictly follow the requirements of the treaty when they retreated, and they slaughtered the rebels in prison like a pre-apocalyptic madness, plundered everything they could see, took everything that could be loaded on ships, and even looted a large amount of food for the people to be shipped to Japan.

When the Chinese transport fleet arrived in Taichung, Lu Yan, commander of the First Division of the Fourth Army, saw burning villages, chaotic order, ruined cities, and countless hungry civilians. (To be continued.) )