Chapter 909: Mutual Infiltration

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"Armor-piercing bullets, or 'solid steel bullets'. Its iron chamber inner cavity and external structure are basically the same as those of the flowering bomb. The difference is that there is no charge in the cone of the warhead, but sand. ”

"The inner cavity of the armor-piercing shell is smaller than that of the flowering bullet, and it was also filled with a small amount of black powder at the beginning, and the designer hoped that these black powders could enter the hull and explode after penetrating the armor of the enemy ship, but this is just a good wish, as far as I know, the naval artillery experiments of the Royal Navy, no matter how much black powder is loaded in the inner cavity of the shell, it will explode or fragment at the moment it hits the armor when it is fired, and it will not have any armor-piercing effect. The reason is that the loose black powder particles when the cannon is discharged are tightly pressed against the tail of the warhead cavity due to inertia, and are compressed into an extremely tight and hard state, and the inertia of the steel plate deceleration after the impact will cause it to hit the front and ignite and explode. And against the unarmored parts of iron-hulled ships, as well as wooden ships, they are completely ineffective and do not explode at all. So later the Royal Navy's armor-piercing shells were no longer filled with black powder, but were counterweighted with sand (if the warhead was made all solid, it would be too heavy), and according to my observations, the same design was apparently used in the Krupp armor-piercing shells. ”

"Let's talk about the materials used in artillery, the materials needed to make artillery must have the following characteristics: hard texture, good ductility, light weight, and corrosion resistance. At that time, there were only four materials from which artillery was made: pig iron, copper (including bronze), wrought iron, and steel. Pig iron is not easy to turn because of its poor ductility, and the casting surface is too rough and too heavy. The texture of wrought iron is too soft, and the performance of the hammer after self-tightening is far better than that of pig iron cast guns, but it is almost used to make rifled guns, and wrought iron is too soft after all, and the rifling wears out too quickly. On the one hand, cast wrought iron was the product of the second half of this century, that is, the main casting material before the replacement of Western steel cannons. Second, the smelting temperature of liquid wrought iron is too high, and it is difficult to smelt without corresponding equipment. Speaking of steel, it is not possible to make high-quality artillery with steel, you must know that the steel cannon produced by Krupp with the crucible steel at that time could not withstand the explosion of black powder and exploded, this steel hardness is okay, but it is still too brittle. Later, with the development of steelmaking technology and the improvement of steel quality, the steel cannons fired with black powder were also produced with steel hoops and steel sleeves to ensure the bore pressure of the artillery. Therefore, having steel and building a steel cannon that can be used are two completely different concepts. ”

"Before the invention of high-quality steel, artillery was mostly made of copper. At that time, this kind of copper was called gun copper (commonly known as navy copper), and its ingredients were nine parts red copper and one point tin, but after a period of use, it was found that its ductility was not very ideal, too soft, and easy to deform and crack. So later, steel copper was invented, as the name suggests, it is steel-like copper (that is, hard bronze used for casting guns), containing 92% copper and 8% tin. This kind of steel and copper can be cast, malleable and machined, with excellent performance, which has improved the performance of the artillery, and once replaced the wrought iron cast gun. In addition, the clay mold is no longer used for casting, but the iron mold is used for casting, because the clay mold cools slowly, and the tin inside will float on the surface of the copper water, so the quality of the copper produced will naturally not be very good. This is not the case with iron molds. In order to make the barrel resist greater pressure, the Krupp factory invented a method to increase the density of steel and copper in the bore, which is very simple to use a steel column hammer with a thick and thin steel column to knock in from one end of the cast copper pipe, and use the extrusion force to make the copper close to the bore become tight and solid. ”

"With the development of technology, after the current Krupp company has invented the large tank steel method (that is, the crucible steelmaking method), it will no longer use steel and copper to make artillery, and only a small number of small-caliber guns still use this material, because this kind of steel and copper cannon also has the advantage that if the gun is damaged, it can also be reheated, and the quality of copper will not change."

"The tank steel method used by Krupp steel cannons, this process directly promoted the development of modern artillery. The tank steel method is a small steel tank used in steelmaking, and the amount of steel held by each tank is generally 30 kg, and there are also 20 kg and 40 kg. The ingots and wrought iron pieces are placed in a steel tank and heated to melt them. Multiple steel canisters are simultaneously cast into the mould into a cylindrical steel billet. After cooling, a layer of scum at both ends of the steel column is removed to cut off the scum at both ends, because the surface layer is relatively loose. Finally, it is hammered and molded repeatedly. After the hammering process, the outer surface is then processed, and the cylindrical steel blast embryo is opened with an ultra-long drill after alignment, so that an inner cannon barrel is basically formed. Of course, there are also the subsequent self-tightening of the hammer body tube, finishing the inner chamber, rifling wire, heat-embedded outer steel pipe and steel hoop, etc., which are very complicated. ……”

"I've heard that you're going to Europe soon, so I'm going to tell you everything I've learned, and I hope it will be helpful to you." The Goddess of Eloquence will be returning to the UK soon and looks forward to meeting you there. I would like to tell you more about 'Lin's Gunpowder' and recommend this new type of gunpowder to the Royal Navy. ”

After Chen Wei finished drawing the last picture, he packed the letter and drawings into a large envelope, and after gluing the envelope, he took out a silver seal with the family crest and name, and painted it with fire paint.

It won't be long before the letter will be delivered to Lin Yiqing through the messenger of the Rothchild family.

On the shore, Hirobumi Ito stood in the wind, and beside him was Chiyoko in a gorgeous costume.

Seeing that these huge coastal forts were already quite large-scale, Ito Hirobumi's heart inexplicably felt relaxed and steady.

If these batteries can be completed on schedule, the ironclad fleet of the Qianguo Navy will be driven over, and Japan will no longer have to be afraid.

The shells of the 280-mm Krupp cannon are enough to deal with those second-class ironclad ships of the Qianguo.

What's more, the "Saxony"-class ironclad ships built in Germany are about to return to Japan!

"The scenery is so beautiful!" Chiyoko sighed beside her.

Since this is a military place, ordinary people are not allowed to come here, and naturally they can't see the beautiful scenery here, but Chiyoko came here for the first time today, and there will be such an amazement.

"If it weren't for those foreign warships, it would be more beautiful." Looking at the nearest British cruiser anchored in the harbor, the Goddess of Eloquence, Ito Hirobumi whispered.

Although this cruiser was not very powerful, it represented the presence of the British Imperial Navy in Japanese waters, which made him very uncomfortable in his heart.

"Didn't the fleet of the Qianguo people withdraw?" Chiyoko heard something from Ito Hirobumi's words and asked.

Indeed, after the signing of the "Tianjin Treaty" of the Qian-Japanese People's Republic of China, the Qianguo people happily evacuated the terrible ironclad fleet from Tokyo Bay.

"As long as they want, they will drive these ironclads back at any time." Hirobumi Ito sighed, "So, Japan must have its own ironclad fleet. ”

"I heard that His Majesty the Emperor and His Majesty the Empress donated their savings for the construction of the ironclad ship," Chiyoko said with a smile as she looked at Hirobumi Ito, "Inspired by His Majesty the Emperor, the private sector enthusiastically donated money to buy naval bonds, and I also bought 1,000 yen." Although this money is not much, it is always enough to buy screws on an ironclad ship, right? ”

"Of course." Ito Hirobumi looked at her, his heart swelling, he came to her side and gently hugged her waist, "Sometimes, I wish I could become a screw on a Japanese ironclad ship." ”

A charming smile spread across her face, and she hung her head shyly and did not speak again.

"You know what? Chiyoko, two ironclad ships built by Japan in Germany,

Koukou

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Koukou

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Koukou

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Koukou

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