The period of Wang Mang is recognized by historians as an important period in the history of the development of science and technology in ancient China. Pen, fun, pavilion www. biquge。 info

During this period, science and technology developed rapidly, and in 18 A.D., Wang Mang learned that a craftsman could make a flying machine, which was made of wings made of the feathers of a large bird, and then mounted on a person, which could fly hundreds of steps.

Wang Mang immediately summoned him and personally watched his performance to support his flight experiments.

At the same time, as an emperor himself, he was also a great inventor.

One of his great inventions is the vernier caliper, which intends to unify the measurement of the whole country, from the principle, performance, and use, this vernier caliper is very similar to the modern vernier caliper, which is 1700 years earlier than the West.

Wang Mang also hated slavery very much, the Han Dynasty was actually a semi-serfdom country, Wang Mang believed that the sale of slaves and maids violated the righteousness of "the nature of heaven and earth is precious", and stipulated that slaves and maids were "private" and were not allowed to be bought and sold.

Wang Mang attempted to restrict the expansion of the scope and number of slaves by restricting the buying and selling of slaves and maids, so that they would eventually die out naturally.

In addition, he also stipulated that for unemployed vagrants, each person would be fined one piece of cloth per year, and those who could not pay it would be forced to labor by the government. During the period of servitude, the government provided food and clothing.

Wang Mang was quite concerned about the people's livelihood, and he abolished the royal family's Huchi Garden, set up Anmin County instead, and relocated the poor to live.

Along the way, food and drink, and after arrival, the necessary farm and house equipment, cattle and seeds, etc., were provided or borrowed by the government. Wang Mang also ordered to invest in the construction of Chang'an City, a total of 200 low-rent housing residential communities in 5 miles, (affordable housing, low-rent housing, bunkers!) for the poor. The power began to tilt towards the people's livelihood!

Moreover, Wang Mang also attaches great importance to education and expands the enrollment of Taixue, and the number of Taixue students has exceeded 10,000 in a record.

He also ordered schools to be built in various places so that more children could read and increase their knowledge. According to the Hanshu Biography of Wang Mang, Wang Mang built 10,000 houses for scholars in the capital and built many research institutes.

Anyone who has expertise in classical literature is called to Beijing to do research, and thousands of people come before and after, asking for hundreds of schools of knowledge every day.

In addition, the nation's land was renamed "Wang Tian," private ownership of land was abolished, land was nationalized, and private individuals were not allowed to buy or sell land. If there are less than 8 men in a family and the land exceeds 900 acres, the surplus land should be distributed to the landless people of their own clan or neighbors.

Originally, those who did not have land were given 100 acres of land per man. However, this touched the big landlord class, which led to the overthrow of this policy by the powerful landlords in various places, or the yang and the yin.

How can it feel like a socialist?

Wang Mang is also an economic thinker, which is sealed by later generations, he put forward the theory of planned economy very nb, Chang'an, Luoyang, Handan, Linzi, Wan, Chengdu six cities set up "five junsi city envoys", that is, "five junguan".

It is concurrently served by the original commander and chief. He is in charge of assessing prices, regulating the market, handling loans, collecting taxes, etc.

The assessment of prices refers to the Wujunsi Municipal Division (Price Bureau), which should regularly assess the prices of major products in the market. Regulating the market refers to controlling the supply of the market, purchasing goods at a reasonable price when the goods are unsalable, and selling them at a fair price when the price of goods rises, so as to maintain market order.

Handling credit loans refers to interest-free loans or low-interest loans that are handled according to the actual situation to help people and businesses alleviate their financial difficulties. The collection of taxes refers to the collection of mountain taxes and other miscellaneous taxes.

Every time he saw this piece of information, Zhu Zilong had an illusion.

It seems that he has seen the future generations, the departments of New China, the Bank + Price Bureau + Futures + Taxation Bureau + Development and Reform Commission?

To sum it up:

Some of the policies pursued by Wang Mang are: 1. Nationalization of land.

Private individuals were not allowed to buy and sell, and the ancient well field system, which had been abolished 1,200 years ago, was restored. For a family of less than eight people, the cultivated land shall not exceed 900 mu, and the excess land shall be confiscated or directly distributed by the landlord to his neighbors or family members.

Second, arable land is redistributed: landless farmers (tenant farmers) are given land by the government. Based on the principle of 100 mu for a couple, if it is less than 100 mu, the government shall make up for it.

Thirdly, the freezing of slavery: although it was not abolished immediately, all slaves and maidservants were forbidden to continue to buy and sell, so as to limit the scope and number of slaves from being expanded, so that it would eventually be eliminated naturally.

Fourth, forced labor: all unemployed vagrants are fined one piece of cloth per year, and those who are unable to pay will be forced to work by the government, and during the labor period, the government will provide food and clothing.

Fifth, the implementation of a monopoly system: the monopoly of wine, salt, and ironware, and the central government issued currency in a unified manner (in the past, any wealthy man could make silver money, and the new government withdrew this authorization). The natural resources in the mountain water are owned by the state and exploited by the government.

Sixth, establish a loan system: people can borrow money from the government for sacrificial or funeral needs, and no interest will be charged. However, if a loan is taken for the purpose of running an agribusiness business, the government collects one-tenth of the principal and interest of the net profit.

Seventh, the implementation of a planned economy: the government controls prices and prevents businessmen from manipulating the market, so as to eliminate the inequality between the rich and the poor. When there is an oversupply, the government buys daily necessities such as food, cloth, and silk according to the cost. When demand exceeds supply, the government sells to stop prices from rising.

Eighth, the collection of income tax: all industry and commerce, including fishing and hunting, divination, doctors, hotels, and women's household silkworm weaving, used to be free to operate, but now the new government levies an income tax of one-tenth of the net profits.

From these measures, we can find that Wang Mang was engaged in an earth-shattering comprehensive social reform, and socialism, which only emerged in the nineteenth century, was conceived and practiced in China as early as the first century.

With 100 acres of land per capita, the families who occupy more land, whether they are rich or ordinary people, must immediately hand over their land unconditionally and distribute it to the poor, and the land is not allowed to be bought or sold or mortgaged.

Isn't it just another version of land reform?

At that time, it was a feudal system, relying on the landlord, and Wang Mang offended the landlord soon after that. Besides, this is not good for Wang Mang, obviously, it shows that Wang Mang is a traverser, and only a traverser can have the idea of a socialist system.

All natural resources mines in mountains and rivers are state-owned, and private miners are required to pay taxes and register business licenses. This is typical state capitalism, isn't this a state-owned monopoly? The state-owned economy is the main body, and the market economy is regulated and controlled at the macro level!

It can be said that Wang Mang's thoughts should never have appeared at that time. Because his thinking was completely out of touch with the social productive forces and the level of development at that time.

The emergence of new ideas in the history of the world is related to the development of social production at that time. Of course, there are also ideas that are ahead of their time, but there has never been a thought that is nearly 2,000 years ahead like Wang Mang.

Wang Mang's policy of restructuring is completely a copy of China's planned economy in the 70s!

Wang Mang was born in a wealthy family and received Confucian culture at most since he was a child, but why did such advanced ideas appear? This kind of thinking could never have appeared in that era when the feudal system was not so perfect!

If Wang Mang had appeared in the nineteenth century, he would undoubtedly have been a successful reformer. However, Wang Mang's thinking thousands of years ago was completely staggering. He even proposed that in the ancient dynasty (in fact, modern society), all men were created equal, and there was also the idea of a harmonious society.

A relatively closed educational ideology since childhood, a world and soil where the feudal system is rampant, will never have Wang Mang's thought.

To sum up, Zhu Zilong decided that he was a traverser. And he is also a senior-level figure, only in the end the reform failed!

Of course, it's an indisputable fact that his strange reforms were so advanced that people's lives were thrown up. The people hated him later!

Obviously, it is out of touch with the times, violates the interests of big landlords, and does not meet the orders of the superiors.

In addition, there is no strong new army like Zhu Zilong in his hands, so the cup is gone.

Therefore, it is not possible to have an invincible army in your hands. The landlords came together to rebel against him, and his new policy immediately failed, again because he did not have a strong army at his disposal.

If he is like Zhu Zilong, he has the Zhu family army in hand. Whoever rises up and tries to rebel and try against the government, what policies cannot be implemented under extreme high pressure?

Destroy you in minutes!

Therefore, Zhu Zilong's perception of him is to summarize the lessons of his predecessors and inherit the past.

Well, that's a long way off.

Speaking of why just now, Zhu Zilong will know Yin Lihua, that is because Yin Lihua is the wife of Wang Mang's rival Liu Xiu.

Otherwise, Zhu Zilong wouldn't know, who is called Yin Lihua, or Yang Lihua!

- (To be continued.) )