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July

July Flowing Fire (1),

Vesting in September (2).

One of the days (3),

The second day of the Ri Lie (4).

No clothes and no brown (5),

Why died (6)?

The third day of Yu Yu (7),

The four days of toe raising (8).

With my wife and son,

Bun Nanmu (9),

Tian 畯 Zhixi (1o).

July Flowing Fire,

Dressed in September.

Spring Sun (11),

There is Narukura (12).

Female Holding Basket (13),

(14).

Seeking Rousan,

Spring is late.

Cai Su Qi Qi (15),

The woman's heart is sad,

Death and son-in-law return together (16).

July Flowing Fire,

August reeds (17).

Silkworm Moon Strip Mulberry (18),

Take the axe (19).

Evar Yuanyang (2o),

(21).

July Singing Eagle (22),

August Results(23).

Zai Xuan Zai Huang,

I Zhu Kongyang (24),

For the child's clothes.

April Xiu Yan (25),

May Song (26).

In August, it was obtained,

October Meteorite (27).

One day in the raccoon dog,

Take the other fox,

For the son Qiu.

The same as (28) on the day of the two,

Martial Arts (29).

Talking about it (3o),

Dedication to the public (31).

May Frog Movement Stocks(32),

June Chicken Feather (33).

July in the wild,

August in Woo.

September at home,

In October, crickets came under my bed.

Forme Suffocation Rat(34),

Plugged to the tenant (35).

Woo my wife,

It is said that it is said to change the year (36),

Enter this room.

June eclipse and sage (37).

July Heng Kui and Herbaceous (38).

Peeling dates in August,

Rice was harvested in October.

For this spring wine,

Yijie Meishou (39).

melon eating in July,

August broken pot (4o).

September Shu Tho (41),

Harvest Tree (42),

Eat me farmer.

In September, Zhuchang Wai,

October harvest crops.

Millet re-harvesting (43).

Hema wheat.

Groan farmer,

I have the same crop,

Ascending to the Gonggong (44).

Day in the grass (45),

(46).

Urgent Ride House (47),

It began to sow a hundred grains.

The second day of the ice (48),

The day of the third day is contained in Lingyin (49).

Four days of its fleas (5o).

Lamb offering leeks.

September Frost (51),

October Cleaning Field (52).

Friends Wine (53),

He called the Lamb to be killed.

The Court (54),

Called the other (55),

Longevity knows no bounds. [1]

(1) Flow: fall. Fire: The name of the star, also known as the fire.

(2) Clothing: Ask women to sew winter clothes.

(3) Day of the One: January in the Zhou calendar, November in the summer calendar. The following is an analogy. 觱 (bi): The cold wind blows.

(4) Li Lie: The cold hits people.

(5) Brown (he): coarse cloth clothes.

(6) Age of death: the end of the year. End.

(7) Yu: for, repair. 耜 (si): An ancient agricultural tool.

(8) Toe lifting: lifting the feet, here refers to farming.

(9) 馌 (ye): to deliver food to the fields. South acres; Fields to the south.

(1o) 田畯 (jun): agricultural official. Hi: Please have some food and drinks.

(11) Zaiyang; The weather is starting to warm up.

(12) Canggeng: Yellow Bird.

(13) Yi basket: deep basket.

(14) Compliance: Along with. Micro Lines: Paths.

(15) Su: Artemisia alba. Qi Qi: There are a lot of people.

(16) Childe: The daughter of a prince. Return: Marriage.

(17) 萑 (huan) reed: reed.

(18) Silkworm month: the month of silkworm raising, that is, the third month of the summer calendar. bar: trim.

(19) axe (qiang): the round hole at the handle is called the axe, and the square hole is called the axe.

(2o) Far Yang: long branches that grow upward.

(21) 猗 (ji): climbing. Female mulberry: Nen mulberry.

(22) 鵙 (ju): a shrike bird with a loud call.

(23) Achievement: Weaving linen.

(24) Zhu: Red. Kong Yang: It's very bright.

(25) Xiu Bao (yao): Xiu is the seed of grass and trees, and Xiu is the name of grass.

(26) 蜩 (tiao): cicada, know.

(27) Fall: fall. 萚 (tuo): Shedding of branches and leaves.

(28) Same: rendezvous.

(29) Zhang: Continue. Martial arts: refers to hunting.

(3o) 豵 (zong): one-year-old wild boar.

(31) 豣 (jian): a three-year-old wild boar.

(32) Si 螽 (zhong): grasshopper. Move: Grasshoppers should bounce their legs when they chirp.

(33) Sha Chicken: Textile Niang (insect name).

(34) Dome: Plugging the rat hole.

(35) Direction: North-facing windows. Caution: Paint with mud.

(36) Change the year: remove the year.

(37) Yu: Yu Li. 薁 (yu): Wild grapes.

(38) Heng: cooking. Aoi: Slippery cabbage. Mushroom: Beans.

(39) Peel (pu): percussion. Jie: Seeking. Meishou: Longevity.

(4o) pot: same as "gourd". Calabash.

(41) Uncle: Lift up. Tho (ju): autumn hemp seeds, edible.

(42) 荼 (tu): bitter herbs. Salary: Chopping wood. 樗 (chu): stinky tree tree.

(43) Heavy: late-maturing crops. 穋 (1u): Early maturing crop.

(44) above: the same as "yet". Gong Gong; Build a palace.

(45) Yu Mao: Cut thatch.

(46) Suo 綯 (tao): rubbing rope.

(47) Urgent: Hurry. Ride the house: Climb on the roof to fix it.

(48) Rushing: The sound of hitting the ice hard.

(49) Lingyin: Ice room.

(5o) Flea: early, a ritual of worshipping ancestors.

(51) Frost: frost.

(52) Cleaning the yard: cleaning the yard.

(53) Peng wine: two pots of wine. 飨 (xiang): Entertain guests with food and wine.

(54) 跻 (ji); Boarded. Public Hall: Temple.

(55) Weighing: Lifting. 兕觥 (sigong): An ancient wine vessel. [2]

Mars sets westward in July,

In September, women sew winter clothes.

The north wind blows strongly in November,

The December chill hits.

No good clothes, no coarse clothes,

How to get through the end of the year?

In the first month, the hoe and plow began to be repaired,

In February, he went down to the field and went to plow.

Take your wife and children with you.

Deliver food to the southern borderlands.

Tian Guan rushed to eat wine and food.

Mars sets westward in July,

In September, women sew winter clothes.

The sun is warm in spring,

Huang Peng sang a song in turn.

The girl carried a deep bamboo basket.

Follow the trail all the way.

Reach out and pick young mulberry leaves,

Spring is coming, and the days are getting longer.

People come and go to pick white artemisia,

The girl's heart is so sad,

You must marry a nobleman in another country.

Mars sets westward in July.

In August the reeds are to be cut.

Pruning mulberry branches in March,

Get a sharp axe.

Cut off the tall branches,

Climb the twigs to pick the young mulberries.

July Shrike cried out,

In August began to put hemp weaving.

The dyed silk is black and yellow,

My red is brighter,

Offering to the nobles to make clothes.

In April, the ambition bore seeds.

May knew a burst of screams.

August is busy with harvest in the fields,

Leaves fall on the trees in October.

Hunting raccoon dogs in the mountains in November,

Hunting fox fur is good,

Give it to the nobles to make leather jackets.

December Hunters Rendezvous,

Continue to practice hunting.

Hit the piglet to himself,

Hunt a big pig and offer it to the prince.

May grasshopper spring-legged call,

In June, the weaver flapped her wings.

Crickets in the fields in July.

August came under the eaves.

September crickets come in the door,

October got under my bed.

Plugging rat holes to smoke mice,

Seal the north window and paste the door crack.

Sigh my wife and children are so pitiful,

The end of the year will be the end of the New Year,

Move into this house and be safe.

Eat plums and grapes in June,

Boiled sunflower and boiled beans in July.

In August, we began to beat red dates,

In October, we went to the fields to harvest rice.

Brewed into spring wine beautiful and fragrant,

For the sake of the master to live a long life.

You can eat melons in July.

August arrives to pick gourds.

Pick up autumn pockmarks in September,

Picking bitter herbs and chopping wood,

Feed the farmer and have peace of mind.

In September, the threshing floor was built,

Harvest in October.

millet early rice and late rice,

All corn, hemp, beans and wheat are in storage.

Sigh that my farmer is so hard,

The crops have just been packed,

He also built a palace room for the official family.

During the day, I have to mow the thatch.

Rushing to rub the rope at night.

Hurry up and repair the house,

In the spring, you have to plant a hundred grains.

December ice chisel rushing,

New Year's Moon moves into an ice cellar.

At the beginning of February, the ancestors are sacrificed,

Offer leeks and lambs.

Frost begins in September.

Cleaning the threshing floor in October.

Two troughs of fine wine for guests,

Slaughter the lamb and everyone tastes it.

Ascend to the temple of the master,

Toast to the host.

Shou Wu Boundless in unison. [2]

"National Style? Wind? July is the Book of Songs? One of the longest poems in "National Style". "Preface to Mao's Poems" believes that its theme is "the reason for the weathering of Chen Houji's ancestors, and the difficulty of the royal industry"; Chen Huan's "Poetry of Mao's Biography" believes that it was "made by Zhou Gong by the change of Guan Cai", and the time difference between the two is very far, and it seems that it cannot be trusted. The Book of Han? Geography "Cloud: "In the past, Hou Ji Feng (1i), Gong Liu Chu Feng, Taiwang Xiqi, King Wen Zuo, King Wu Zhi Ho, its people have the legacy of the previous king, good crops, and business, so the poems of the peasants are very well prepared. According to this, this article is regarded as in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, that is, the period of Gongliu Chufeng.

The land is in the area of Xunyi Bin County, Shaanxi Province, and the ancestors of Zhou in the Gongliu era were still an agricultural tribe. "July" reflects the working life of this tribe throughout the year, involving all aspects of clothing, food, housing and transportation, its author should be a member of the tribe, so the tone is cool, the angle is extremely accurate, from all sides to show the customs of the society at that time, just as Yao Jiheng "General Theory of Poetry" said: "Birds and insects chirp, Ge Rong Mushi, like "Moon Order"; The woman and the child enter the house, and the thatched house is raised, like the "Book of Customs"; Flowing fire and cold wind, like "Five Elements Chronicles"; Caring for the elderly, the Salesian, the hall is praised, like a prelude; Tian Guan dyed his job, hunted and hid ice, and sacrificed to the palace, like a national canon. Among them, there is also a recipe for Gu Pu Jiu Jing: in a poem, there is no such thing, and Xun is the best in the world! "Where spring ploughing, autumn harvest, winter collection, mulberry harvesting, sewing and dyeing, hunting, building houses, winemaking, labor and feasts, all written, "no body is not prepared, there is beauty must be perfect, after the Jin and Tang dynasties, Tao Xie Wang Mengwei Liutian family poems, never reached this realm" (ibid.). This evaluation is basically in line with the reality in the poem.

The poem is written in July, and the scenes unfold month by month in the order of agricultural activities. It must be noted that the poem uses a weekly calendar. The weekly calendar is based on the first month of November of the summer calendar (now the lunar calendar), July, August, September, October, April, May and June, all of which are the same as the summer calendar. "The first day", "the second day", "the third day" and the "fourth day", that is, November, December, January, and February of the summer calendar. "Silkworm Moon", that is, the March of the summer calendar. (To be continued.) If you like this work, you are welcome to come to the starting point (.) to vote for the recommendation vote monthly ticket, your support is my biggest motivation. For mobile phone users, please go to M to read.