Chapter 316: Land Reform
The big plan has been decided, and the next day Zhu Youzhen's team was busy, and they threw themselves into intense work according to their respective tasks.
And what Zhu Youzhen did was another earth-shattering event: land reform!
It will certainly not work without reform. First of all, the supply of troops and labor cannot be solved. At present, whether it is Tuan Yong or a worker, the real identity is still a peasant household, and the "cash-for-work" for the residents of Xi'an can only be a temporary measure. In order to transform Tuan Yong into soldiers and peasant households into workers, Zhu Youzhen first had to liberate them from the land.
In addition, the family-based style of work has also led to extremely low productivity. Now is not the seventies and eighties of the 20th century, there is no agricultural machinery, no chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and farming depends on the hard work of farmers. Therefore, the more dispersed the manpower, the lower the efficiency, and a model like the "joint production contract responsibility system" will definitely not work.
The fundamental solution to the grain problem is to increase the yield per mu. However, the current situation is that the land is scattered among various peasant households, and each family grows its own land, and some of Zhu Youzhen's ideas cannot be implemented at all. In order to realize the advanced production method of "big farms" like that of modern America, it is necessary to concentrate scattered land.
But how can peasant households give up their peasant status and voluntarily change careers to become workers when they have land in their hands?
In Zhu Youzhen's memory, the Western powers adopted a simple method of plunder, that is, they adopted all kinds of brutal means to seize land from the peasants. Without land, the peasants lost their livelihood and had no choice but to work as laborers.
This kind of despicable method has a quick effect, but it is undoubtedly on the opposite side of the common people, and Zhu Youzhen will certainly not consider it.
He also considered buying land at a high price, but after careful calculations, he gave up. Because the market price of the field has been above 10 taels per mu in the past, even if the land price has dropped slightly due to disasters in recent years, the market price is still 7 or 8 taels. The land of a village reaches several thousand acres, and even if it is purchased at the market price, it will cost tens of thousands of taels of silver.
With Zhu Youzhen's existing financial resources, he can't buy the land in Jingyang County alone, let alone Xi'an Mansion or even the whole of Shaanxi. And his land reform will be carried out throughout the country in the future, so he needs to find another way to find a lower-cost path.
Cost is one thing, and farmers' willingness is another. The common people are accustomed to a life of digging in the soil, and land can be said to be their greatest possession. If you lose your land, you really become a proletariat.
Therefore, until the 21st century, conflicts caused by land expropriation and demolition are still endless, and in the final analysis, it is because farmers lose their land and lose their livelihood security, and in the face of an uncertain future, conservative farmers will of course have resistance.
Therefore, on the matter of land reform, Zhu Youzhen is very cautious. From the time he came to Qinwangzhuang until now, he had been secretly planning for several months. Now that the ranks of workers are beginning to take shape, and the summer harvest is coming to an end, the time for reform has finally arrived.
As a result, all villages in Jingyang County were plastered with notices overnight. Naturally, the people stopped to watch, and because of the effectiveness of elementary schools and night schools, there were significantly more literate people than in the past, so the content of the notice soon spread to every household in the county.
The publisher of the notice is the Jingyang Business Gang, which is also a "sole proprietorship" that belongs to Zhu Youjian. The specific contents are as follows: First, from now on, the Jingyang Merchant Gang will rent the land of the farmers at a reasonable price. The price was set at a very high price, which was basically equivalent to twice the annual production of silver. In addition, the notice specifically emphasized that it was rented rather than bought, and that the ownership of the land remained with the farmers.
Second, the lease term is set at 15 years, and whether or not to lease is voluntary, but once leased, it cannot be repossessed halfway. After the expiration of the contract, the farmer has the right to decide whether to renew the lease.
Third, during the lease period, the Jingyang Merchant Gang decided what crops to plant on the land, and all the harvest went to the Jingyang Merchant Gang, and the land endowment was naturally borne by the Jingyang Merchant Gang.
Fourth, after leasing the land, the Jingyang Merchant Gang hired a large number of workers to work in the fields. Wages are settled monthly according to the amount of work, and there is no arrears; Even if the harvest is not harvested or fails due to natural disasters, the workers' monthly silver will not be less.
As soon as the notice came out, the whole county was shaken. Because the interests of every family are involved, everyone is talking about this matter.
For ordinary people, although they have little culture, and even many people can't read a single word, they can still calculate simple accounts. In their opinion, if they work hard for a year, they can get up to 100 catties of grain per mu of land, and they have to pay field taxes. Even in a good year, there is just enough food to eat. If there is a disaster year, there will be no harvest if it is not good.
In contrast, the conditions of the Jingyang Merchant Gang were too tempting. First of all, relying on rent alone, the problem of eating has been basically solved. This is especially important for families who lack strong labor, and in the past they had no good crops and could not have a good harvest by farming their own land.
Moreover, even if a family with strong laborers, if they are hired to be workers, they are basically doing the same work as before, but they are guaranteed by drought and flood, and there is always monthly silver to be obtained, which is equivalent to an extra income out of thin air.
For those who have already applied to be workers or Tuanyong, the plan of the Jingyang Business Gang has also relieved their worries. In the past, they would also worry that they would not have time to farm, which would lead to the abandonment of the land. Now that the Jingyang Merchant Gang has managed all their own land, they can go to work with more confidence.
Crucially, the ownership of the land has not changed and remains in the hands of farmers. Having land in hand is a reassuring pill for the common people.
How is it appropriate for everyone, and the enthusiasm is mobilized at once. Within three days, thousands of farmers had signed up to rent their fields in Jingyang, covering all villages in the county.
Of course, not all of them are so positive, and there are many who have a wait-and-see attitude. These people were mainly big landlords from various villages, and they felt that according to the conditions offered by the Jingyang Merchant Gang, the Merchant Gang would definitely suffer huge losses in the end. Then whether the Jingyang Merchant Gang can still fulfill its promise at that time is a big question.
For example, Li Hu, the leader of the Tiger Roaring Business Gang, is the most typical representative. Although he has moved into Xi'an, he still retains hundreds of hectares of land in Jingyang. Regarding the plan of the Jingyang Business Gang, Li Hu scoffed at it and ignored it at all. Under his leadership, many landlords also resisted the plan, not only not renting it out themselves, but also threatening farmers in the same village not to rent it out.
After Zhu Youzhen learned about it, he couldn't help but sneer: "These guys with little eyes, there is a day when you regret it!" ”
ps: In the past two days, the younger brother has been a little busy, and the promise of four shifts a day has not been fulfilled for the time being. But please rest assured, in March, there will be an average of four updates per day and a total of 250,000 updated words, which my little brother will definitely do! We look forward to your continued support!