Although Xie Shen was not a sociologist in his previous life, he still had his own analysis of the predicament in the late Ming Dynasty. Pen | fun | pavilion www. ｂｉｑｕｇｅ。 ｉｎｆｏ

In his view, the core issue of Ming and Ming is the land issue. What Xiaoice River, natural disasters, Houjin, peasant army are not the key to affecting the situation.

Moreover, the reason why the peasant army has formed a trend that has swept the world is not that the land has been annexed to the point where ordinary peasant households are not allowed to live.

The peasant uprisings of all Chinese dynasties were raised after being driven to a dead end.

Most of the Chinese people are obedient to the people, but as long as there is still a trace of survival, they will never pin their heads to the waistband of their trousers to do the rebellious thing.

Monarch father, monarch father, monarch in front of father, father in the back.

But if the monarch abandons his people, the people will naturally have to find a way to beg for food.

If you dig deeper, you will find that there is a great connection between land annexation and the imperial examination system.

Scholars in the Ming Dynasty enjoyed many privileges, and they did not have to pay taxes and serve if they were admitted to Xiucai.

And once the scholar is promoted, he has successfully entered the squire class.

Even if you can't go further and get into the Jinshi, you can live a very nourishing life in your hometown by virtue of your status as a lifter.

There is no need to say more, the clansmen and farmers in the eight townships will compete to put the fields in the name of the master, so as to achieve the benefits of tax exemption.

Of course, the talent is also tax-free. However, there are more talents, and there is no dominance, so it is more secure to choose a person with a more noble status.

Therefore, most of the clansmen and farmers will choose to donate their land.

You must know that although there is a guarantor as an intermediary, and both parties understand it, the farmer only needs to pay a small amount of rent to the lifter. But these lands are nominally owned by people after all.

Once the owner repents (although this is very unlikely), or the owner is given a rent increase, there is no place for small farmers to be reasonable.

Go to the government to sue the complainant for encroaching on the land? The land deed can clearly say that the acres have been transferred!

This in itself is an unspoken rule, which is in the gray area and is not protected by the Ming Law, and can only be blamed on those farmers who want to make a small profit, but end up pitting themselves.

By the end of the Ming Dynasty, 10 percent of the elite held 90 percent of the acres of land in their hands, and land annexation had reached an outrageous level.

For example, Xu Jie, Xu Ge, is always a world-famous minister of Zaifu. But how many people know that in his hometown Songjiang Mansion, more than two-thirds of the land is under Xu Jie's name.

Of course, with Xu Jie's identity, he may not really do such an ugly thing as encroaching on land with debts, but it is undeniable that this is indeed a big stain on a generation of famous ministers.

Sometimes it's not you who want to annex the land, it's the people who donate it in the township. They would rather give food to these scholars than to the Son of Heaven and not to the imperial court, which directly led to the Ming Dynasty being a deformed structure of rich officials and poor countries.

If you want to solve this stubborn disease, it is unreliable to kill big people by brute force alone. This will not only provoke a backlash, but may also shake the country's foundation.

Diverting the contradiction is undoubtedly a very ingenious way.

As long as you can keep winning battles, you can cover up the ugly.

And once the Ming court took control of the Western Regions, it could learn from the Tang Dynasty and move Jian'er into the Western Regions to reclaim land.

The land in the Central Plains is tight, but the land in the Western Regions is not tense.

As long as you are willing to endure hardships, it is not difficult to make a career.

Of course, this is only a stopgap measure, but at least it can give Daming more than 100 years of national glory and buy time for reform.

Speaking of reform, Xie Shen still highly admires Zhang Juzheng's whip reform.

This policy, which inherited the two taxation systems of the Tang Dynasty and spread the land into the mu in the Qing Dynasty, eased the contradiction to a certain extent.

Although this national policy has not been well implemented at the local level for various reasons, it has raised a possibility.

Zhang Juzheng is definitely a political strongman with enough skills, and if he is an idealist like Fan Zhongyan, I am afraid that it will be another "Qingli New Deal" that died early.

Politicians must never be idealists, because politics is full of games and compromises. Why Wang Anshi's Xining reform was relatively successful, isn't it because he absorbed people like Cai Jing?

Politics is not a game of poker, it is not something that can be done casually.

Leaders must first have the ability to recognize people, and they must know people and make good use of them.

Is a person like Cai Jing useless? Do you have to be like Bao Zheng and Hairun, and you are the ones who can use it?

Sometimes Xie Shen is also thinking about this issue. In the end, it is better to clear the stream or to be able to be subordinate.

Neng Chen is able to do practical things, while Qingliu is often a mouthpiece.

In the Ming Dynasty, anyone who wants to ascend to the throne has to go through the stage of clear stream. But if you still position yourself as a mouth cannon, it will be a little too shameless.

Eat the king's luck, and be loyal to the king.

If everyone has become a mouth cannon for the sake of prestige, then the Ming court will not become a mess.

Of course, this is not to say that the wind and bones are not important, but it is just that there is a balance to be struck.

The more you climb up, the more people and things you see, and the more different your perception becomes.

Calling a county magistrate and the prefect to talk about governance will definitely be different, and the prefect and the governor will be different.

Xie Shen's advantage lies in his knowledge of more than 500 years ahead of his time, as well as his asymmetric information advantage.

But these are not very effective in dealing with government affairs. In other words, Xie Shen is not only not as good as these old fritters in officialdom politically, but even has a long way to catch up.

The road should be walked step by step, and the rice should be eaten in one bite. It's useless to think about these things now, so let's do the things at hand first.

The envoy of Turpan came to Beijing to meet the Son of Heaven, and as usual, the Son of Heaven would hold a great court meeting.

Although a six-rank official like Xie Shen is also qualified to participate, his position must be extremely low, and he can't see the excitement if he wants to.

The process of the court meeting is very fixed, it is nothing more than the Turpan envoys presenting gifts, the Son of Heaven giving lectures, and hundreds of officials worshiping the mountain and shouting long live.

But for Xie Shen, the meaning is very different.

This is the first court meeting he wants to attend after coming to Daming.

Although it is not from all countries, the scene is bound to be small. As a hot-blooded man, he has always had a great power complex.

Being able to see the envoys of Fanguo bow to the Ming Dynasty with their own eyes, the pleasure is absolutely indescribable.

It is said that the strong Han Dynasty is prosperous, why can't the Ming Dynasty call Fanyi to bow down.

Thinking of this, Xie Shen said with a smile: "This thing is all together." Anyway, I'd like to see what kind of tribute this Turpan envoy will bring. ”

In my impression, isn't Turpan's specialty grapes?

But the method of making wine has long been spread, and if this Turpan envoy really brings some wine, it will not arouse people's interest at all.

"Hehe, I heard that all the girls in Turpan look like fairies, maybe this time the envoys of Fanguo brought a few peerless beauties."

Wang Shouwen threw a grape into his mouth and smiled slyly.

......

...... (To be continued.) )