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Tiger has something urgent tonight.,Now I'm just sitting in front of the computer to prepare the code word.,This chapter can't catch up anyway.,Jianghu emergency.,Subscribe to the students to take a look at the information first.,Tonight I modified it overnight.,Look back at this chapter tomorrow.,I'm sorry~

Zao Yi (pronounced zhi), the date of birth and death is unknown, and he was a native of Yingchuan Yangzhai at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. He once served as the supervisor of the East Aling, Yulin, the governor of Tuntian, and Chen Liutaishou. Because of his untimely death, there are limited historical records about his life and deeds, but the "tuntian system" he advocated occupies an extremely important position in the history of Chinese society's political, economic, and military exhibitions.

The date of Zaoyi's birth is no longer verifiable, and the earliest record of his activities began in the Zhongping period of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, when the Eastern Han Dynasty broke out the last struggle between his relatives and the eunuch group in history. After the general He Jin was killed by the eunuchs, his subordinates completely annihilated the eunuch group. Dong Zhuo, the governor of the state, led the Xiliang soldiers into Beijing, abolished the young emperor Liu Wei, set up the emperor Liu Xie, and appointed himself as the prime minister of the country, monopolizing the government. His actions aroused great resentment among the military groups of wealthy landlords who had developed in the course of suppressing the Yellow Turban Rebellion throughout the Kanto region. Yuan Shao, Yuan Shu, Cao Cao and other representatives of the powerful landlords in the Kwantung region fled from Luoyang, the capital of Beijing, and organized forces in various places, preparing to contend with Dong Zhuo by force. At that time, Cao Cao also organized an armed force of 5ooo people in Chenliu to prepare to crusade against Dong Zhuo. It was at this time that Zao Yi rushed to Cao Cao's command and "raised volunteers together with Cao Cao to fight around". At that time, Zao Yi already had a great reputation in the society, and after he joined Cao Cao, Yuan Shao "was also greedy and wanted to get it", and repeatedly sent people to Libi (sound bi, referring to the ministers and county guards who used some people as their own subordinates) Zaoyi. He flatly refused. Jujube's loyalty. Cao Cao was very moved. Therefore, he won Cao Cao's respect.

In the third year of the first peace of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty (192), Cao Cao occupied Yanzhou, led Yanzhou Mu (Mu is the official name), appointed Zao Yi as the East Ah Ling, and guarded the East Ah Ling. During his stay in Dong'e, Zao Yi devoted himself to persuading farmers to teach mulberry and accumulate grain. He also diligently repaired military equipment and organized drills for the military and civilians of Dong'a. And the city fortifications of Dong'e City were strengthened and repaired. In the second year of Xingping (195), Lü Bu Chen Gong took the opportunity of Cao Cao's troops to Xuzhou, and suddenly attacked Yanzhou, and all counties and counties rebelled. Only the three cities of Dong'a, Juancheng, and Fan County remained loyal to Cao Cao. After Lu Bu Chen Gong occupied Yanzhou, he sent troops to storm Dong'e City, because the city wall of Dong'e City was very strong, and Zao Yi led the army and people to resist stubbornly, so Dong'e City was never captured. Dong'e became a reliable rear and military base for Cao Cao's counterattack on Lü Bu and recapture Yanzhou. The first year of Emperor Jian'an of the Han Dynasty (196). Cao Cao welcomed the emperor and moved the capital to Xuchang, and the emperor of the Han Dynasty was presented. Appointed Zao Yi as the supervisor of the Yulin Forest, and stayed in the palace.

Zao's greatest contribution lies in the tuntian system he advocated, which solved the long-troubled food problem for Cao Cao. Since Emperor Ling of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the brutal exploitation of the landlord class and the long-term and continuous wars of mergers and acquisitions have caused serious damage to the agricultural production in the vast northern regions, and the rural areas are full of the situation of "the land is impermanent, and the people have no permanent residence". Not only did the vast number of peasants live in starvation, but even the landlords' armed forces, which were supported by robbery, could not grab food, and had to rely on river mussels and mulberries to satisfy their hunger. Many warlords lost wars because of severe food shortages. In the first few years of his campaigns, Cao Cao was often forced to withdraw his troops due to the lack of food and give up his upcoming military victories. When Zao Yi accompanied Cao Cao to suppress the remnants of the Yellow Turban Army, he became very interested in the rebellious peasants' practice of integrating soldiers and peasants into war and farming, and was inspired by it. In the first year of Emperor Jian'an of the Han Dynasty (196), Cao Cao defeated the Yellow Turban Army in Runan, Yingchuan, and captured a large number of cattle, farming tools and labor. Zao only suggested that Cao Cao use these agricultural tools to reclaim land in the Xuchang area and implement tuntian to solve the grain problem. Cao Cao took his advice and appointed him as the Governor of Tuntian, with full responsibility for Tuntian's affairs.

In Xuchang, Zao Yi first took over the barren ownerless farmland to the state, and organized a large number of displaced people recruited into groups according to the establishment of the army, and the state provided land seeds, cattle and farm tools, and they cultivated the land, and the harvest was divided proportionally between the state and the peasants in the tuntian. In the first year of the implementation of Tuntian, it was "a million grains". So Cao Cao ordered that the county and the state should be placed in the field and recruit the exiled people to tuntian. Later, he accepted Zaoyi's suggestion and ordered the army to tuntian, and the tuntian system was widely implemented. The implementation of the tuntian system advocated by Zaoyi enabled the agricultural production in the north, which had been damaged by the war for a long time, to recover and stabilize in a short period of time. The peasants who had lost their land returned to the land, many barren farmlands were reclaimed, and the government stockpiled large quantities of food. "In the past few years, the warehouse is full", so that Cao Cao "conquered the Quartet, and there was no labor to transport grain". The implementation of the tuntian system not only solved the headache of military rations for Cao Cao, but also won him a large population, thus speeding up the process of Cao Cao's unification of the north. As a result, Zao Yi was promoted to Chen Liutaishou. But unfortunately, Zao Yi died of illness soon after. After many years, Cao Cao still remembered Zaoyi, posthumously named Zaoyi as a liege, and let his son take his throne.

The "tuntian system" advocated and implemented by Zao Yi was a special system adopted by the feudal state and the powerful landlords to compete for control over the landless and displaced people under the historical conditions of the rapid expansion of the power of the powerful landlords in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, and to restrict the powerful landlords from seizing land indefinitely. It not only played a certain positive role at that time, but also created a large-scale precedent for later generations to integrate the army with the peasants, the soldiers and the peasants, which was imitated by the feudal ruling classes of later dynasties to varying degrees, and occupied an important position in the history of China's political, economic, and military exhibitions.

Zao Yi unfortunately died early, and later Cao Cao remembered his merits and posthumously awarded him the title of county guard, and at the same time ordered his son to be knighted and sacrificed to Zao. Cao Cao said in the "Decree of the Emperor and the Worship of the Emperor at the Rank of the Zao Son" that the result of Daxing Tuntian was "abundant in the military, destroying the rebellion, subduing the world, and elonging the royal family", which was the credit of Zao Yi and an "immortal thing". Give full affirmation to the achievements of Zaoyi.

Zao is very good at agricultural production, he knows that the people take food as the sky, and advocates the governance of the locality, which must be agriculture-oriented and pay attention to agriculture. During his tenure as the commander of Dong'e County, it was at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. As a result of Dong Zhuo's rebellion and years of warlord warfare, people were displaced, large areas of fertile land were abandoned and barren, and agricultural production was severely damaged. At that time, not only were the common people struggling to make ends meet, but even the troops of the various warlords were generally short of food. Yuan Shao's army fed its hunger by picking mulberries in Hebei; Yuan Shu's army was maintained in Jianghuai by fishing for water and grass and touching clams, and there was even a tragic scene of cannibalism. Some armies were scattered because of lack of food. In this chaotic and abnormal situation, Zao only devoted himself to the development of agriculture and mulberry, so that at that time, Dong'e, every family planted mulberry and raised silkworms, and every household was full of grain. Dong'a was so rich that some warlords at the time coveted it. Yuan Shao had repeatedly persuaded Zaoyi to belong to him, and promised him as a high-ranking official. Zao only knew Yuan Shao's character, so he repeatedly refused. In 194 AD, Cao Cao lost Yanzhou and had no place to stand, but because of the help and support of Zaoyi and Dong'e soldiers and civilians, he turned the crisis into safety. Since then, Zao has only won Cao Cao's trust and respect. Zao Yi was one of the few figures at that time in Zhannongsang, especially in helping Cao Cao to implement the tuntian system, and showed outstanding talent and insight. Cao Cao, who had great talent and strategy, knew that if he wanted to defeat a strong enemy and complete the great cause of reunification, he must have enough food to strengthen his troops in the era when warlords were fighting for the Central Plains.

In 196 AD, Cao Cao moved the capital to Xuchang. Fu began to develop production and implemented a new production method "cattle grain loss method". It was stipulated that the government would rent the cattle to the tenant farmers, and the tenant farmers would pay grain (or servitude) according to the amount of the cattle they rented. At that time, although this was also a feasible method, it could not achieve greater results as soon as possible. Dong'e County Ling Zao only saw this problem, so he proposed to Cao Cao to implement Tuntian. As soon as Zaoyi's plan for the tuntian system was proposed, it was opposed by many people, and the most energetic one was the military sacrifice and wine. He believes that the tuntian system is not enough to promote, and it is not beneficial to both the government and the people. The implementation of Tuntian is a play against the imperial court, which is whimsical. Cao Cao hesitated on the issue of Tuntian. Zao was not intimidated by the criticism of the majority of bureaucrats in the DPRK and China, and lobbied everywhere to propagate the idea of the tuntian system. He told Cao Cao more than once that the implementation of the cattle grain loss method is to plant widely and harvest thinly, and cast a net all over the sky, and the effect is not great. If there is a flood or drought, it will not be able to harvest anything. Only by practicing the practice of tuning fields, concentrating a large number of manpower and material resources, and collectively cultivating and harvesting the fields, can we get a better harvest that year and can quickly change the current situation of insufficient food in the army. As the saying goes, sincerity goes, gold and stone are open. Cao Cao Quan's pros and cons, finally adopted Zaoyi's suggestion, and promoted Zaoyi from Dong'e County Order to Tuntian Governor, and also equipped Han Hao, who knew how to do agricultural production, as his assistant to do this work. In order to prevent the ministers from discussing it again, Cao Cao issued an order. The order said: "The fundamental plan for stabilizing the country lies in strengthening the army and having enough to eat. In the past, the rulers of the Qin State unified the whole country because they attached importance to agricultural production, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty consolidated the border defense of the Western Regions because of the implementation of the Tuntian policy, which is a good experience left by the predecessors. At the same time, exiled peasants were widely recruited and some ownerless land was rented to them for cultivation and farming. Under the careful management of Zao Yi and Han Hao, Tuntian harvested millions of grains in less than a year. Even those who oppose Tuntian have extended their thumbs and praised Tuntian for being really good. Therefore, Cao Cao ordered that the counties and counties to which he belonged should be equipped with some officials who were responsible for agricultural production, and the tuntian fields should be widely practiced.

A few years later, most of northern China changed from the original scene of "white bones exposed in the wilderness, no rooster crowing for thousands of miles" and "nothing to see when going out, white bones covering the plains" to "the storage accumulation is full", which not only solved the problem of military rations, laid a solid foundation for Cao Cao's conquest of the Quartet and pacified the world, but also enabled a large number of displaced people to return to their homes and live and work in peace and contentment. (To be continued......)