After being busy for almost a week, melting hundreds of copper coins in nitric acid, Zhang Guanghua finally got the two cans of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid that he had worked so hard to make. At this moment, he seemed to be holding the most precious jewel in the world, and he did not want to let go for a moment.

"This lead chamber method, which does not require a denitrification tower, is really simple and practical!" Zhang Guanghua sighed in his heart.

"Strategist, what should I do now?" Looking at Zhang Guanghua with a can in his hand, Zhao Hui asked from a distance from him.

Once after eating, he and Scar Xuanzi were tired of playing with dilute nitric acid, so they ran over to tinker with Zhang Guanghua's concentrated nitric acid, and when they just put the bones in their hands into it, there was a burst of green smoke, and the bones stained with nitric acid were not even slag. After that, the three of them never dared to approach Zhang Guanghua again.

"With gold and silver, of course, it is to make good things! You first cover all these things in the laboratory with clay covers, everyone is fortunate during this time, let's rest for a day first, and then come back to work tomorrow afternoon. Although the situation of defending the city is becoming more and more severe, we still have a chance, so you can play with confidence. Seeing that everyone's eyes were red, plus how much they inhaled some NO2 and coughed to varying degrees, Zhang Guanghua also couldn't bear to say.

Walking out of the laboratory, Zhang Guanghua opened his arms and let out a long whistle: "Ah-"

The long-term depression is vented at this moment.

"What the hell are you called?" Li Xinlan, who was beside her, was startled by Zhang Guanghua, who suddenly went crazy.

"Haha, it's nothing, let's go get some pork belly, I'll take you to the mountains to make a barbecue."

……

When the hardest, chemical reactions between gases are fine, the rest is simple.

Coming to the laboratory again, Zhang Guanghua installed the exhaust equipment, prepared wet masks for everyone, and began to officially make new materials that can open up a new world.

He first purified the alcohol by two distillations and condensation to obtain ethanol.

Then the mercury (mercury) is dissolved in concentrated nitric acid, mixed with ethanol, and dried very carefully after the reaction, so that the thunder \ mercury, commonly known as the detonator \ tube.

Then add a trace amount of sulfur and charcoal to the thunder and mercury and mix it well, and the bottom fire of the cannonball and bullet that can be fired with a firing pin is made. But if you can also add a little potassium chlorate to it, the performance of thunder \mercury will be more stable.

"Strategist, what's the use of your gray powder, could it be that it can also be turned into stone?" Zhao Hui was a little disappointed when he saw that Zhang Guanghua had been busy for a day and had gotten such a handful of things. In his worldview, only the cement he made was the most valuable.

"Cut, this is what you kid's stuff can compare, I'm high-tech." Zhang Guanghua looked disdainful.

"Come on, go get some fun. Let's get some and put it on the stones in the courtyard, and then I'll find a sledgehammer. yes, yes, smash it it. Remember to push hard. ”

"Bang!" Suddenly, there was a loud bang, and everyone in the chamber of commerce ran out to see what was going on. As a result, I saw a man with black body, hair standing on end, spitting green smoke from his mouth, and holding a large hammer standing there motionless.

"Who is this? Is this a lightning strike? ”

"This person has a strange skeleton, an extraordinary appearance, and is holding a giant hammer, and he is undoubtedly the thunder lord of the sky."

Just when everyone was whispering, a loud roar came from the courtyard: "Zhang Guanghua, I'll fight with you!" ”

……

"You build another batch of bottom fire according to my previous method, and then hand it over to Carpenter Liu of the "Armory Factory" with this drawing." Zhang Guanghua found Zhao Hui and ordered.

Zhao Hui opened the drawing in his hand, and saw five big characters written on the title column of the first page: "Five-Five Type Rifle", and then turned back: "Five-Five Type Pistol", "Five-Five Type Bullet", "Five-Five Type Artillery". Looking at this thick stack of drawings, he couldn't help but admire Zhang Guanghua so much, he was still a great military advisor.

But what he didn't know was that Zhang Guanghua was only a complete copycat of the British double-trigger Beaumont-Adams revolver and the Mauser M1871 rifle equipped with a bayonet and a rotary rear pull bolt. The only difference is that the metal cartridge case he drew still follows the design of the firing pin gun era, the bottom fire uses the newly invented thunder and mercury, and the firing charge still uses black fire, because this can save the maximum cost. The cannon is a bit more complicated, the prototype is a 75mm rear-loading howitzer of the French hydro-gas stationary retractor, which has a bolt, angle disc and anti-recoil elastic gun mount, and has a range of up to 6500 meters when firing directly at a 45-degree elevation angle.

When the smell of nitrogen dioxide in the laboratory dissipated, Zhang Guanghua continued to experiment.

Just as he was about to start, he suddenly remembered something and said to Zhao Hui and the others: "You guys go out first, the experiment I did is more dangerous." ”

"Brother Zhang...... You, you have to be careful. Li Xinlan, who had just seen the power of the bottom fire, was about to burst into tears, and said with great affection.

"Don't worry! Who am I, Zhang Guanghua, you don't have to worry. ”

But even though he said this, he was still quite apprehensive in his heart. You must know that the lessons of Nobel are there.

He put on a mask, first heated ethanol (alcohol) and concentrated sulfuric acid at 140 °C to make an ether liquid, put it in a clay pot and lid it, this kind of thing, inhalation can make people unconscious.

Then mix concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid carefully in a one-to-two manner, and always pay attention to whether the temperature is higher than 20 degrees.

Then soak the cotton (fiber) in the prepared solution, take it out and dry it after 20 minutes. In this way, nitrocellulose is produced.

Then the nitrocellulose is carefully dissolved in ether and alcohol, and an appropriate amount of stabilizer (camphor, graphite) is added to it to make it a gelatinous substance.

Finally, the most dangerous step came. Zhang Guanghua moved all the open flames and heat-generating items in the laboratory outside. After confirming that everything is correct, dare to press the gelatinous material into sheets, cut into strips, dry and harden. And Zhao Hui and the others outside the room have been worried and staring at him intently.

"It's finally done!" Looking up at the gorgeous sunset in the sky, Zhang Guanghua walked out with a cotton cloth and in a very happy mood.

"Bring the flint!"

After receiving the flint sent by Zhao Hui, Zhang Guanghua put the tampon on the ground, wiped the flint, and a spark fell.

"Bang-" A bright yellow flame ignited instantly. It's like the brightest fireworks in the sky, fleeting and leaving no trace. No soot and no residue.

The sunset is getting redder and redder, and the glow is reflected in the place where the fireworks have just risen. The world's first smokeless gunpowder was born in this beautiful landscape.

More than two months have passed since the Yuan army began to besiege the city. As the fighting dragged on, more and more wounded appeared in the city, and all kinds of herbs were almost exhausted. To add insult to injury, a very bad news came at this time, a sudden outbreak of plague broke out in some coastal villages in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and if one person was infected, often a village would become a place of death.

No one knows if the plague will reach here, and during this time, wherever blood stains can be seen in the city, they will be plastered with lime. None of the soldiers who died were buried, but were cremated directly. As Chinese, everyone is willing to settle down unless they have to, but the current situation has indeed reached the point of being extremely critical and having to do something as a last resort.

It's another lime-scented morning.

"Shopkeeper Shen, how are the two bullets studied?" Zhang Guanghua ate breakfast and asked Shen Li. They don't have much food now, so Zhang Guanghua hasn't eaten his favorite buns and fritters for a long time, and now he can only squeeze into a table with Shen Li and them to drink gruel.

"Samples are already available. Originally, it was made of steel, but it was found that this bullet was very worn out on the rifling, so it was necessary to switch to lead and tin, which were softer. Its practical copper can also be used, but copper is too expensive, and now "Anxi Commercial Bank" has forced everyone to exchange copper coins for 1 yuan paper \ currency. Shen Li replied.

He took out two silver-white mushroom-headed bullets and said, "These two are 2.54 centimeters (7.62 mm) bullets, both are cast with tin, and the bottom fire is the same thunder and mercury. The difference is the black fire and powder used to launch the medicine, which is the bullet made by the main force now, and the smokeless gunpowder used in the other way, because it is difficult to get the wine in the city now, and the consumption of copper is too great for this gunpowder, so it is made very little, and it is only used on a few rifles equipped with telescopes. ”

"And now there is also a problem, when a rifle uses this bullet more often, the shooting accuracy will drop very quickly, and later after dismantling, it will be found that the use of both bullets will corrode the barrel, so each gun needs to be scrubbed and oiled frequently." Shen Li continued to add.

"It turns out that the soldiers on TV are wiping their guns every day, and that's why!" Zhang Guanghua sighed, inadvertently, he also learned a lesson from the ancients.

After listening to Shen Li's report, he was still very disappointed in his heart. "Without platinum, there are too many restrictions on the manufacture of bullets, and with platinum it is possible to directly produce concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid from rotten vegetable leaves and animal dung, but now only a large amount of copper can be exchanged for the same volume of gunpowder."

"No, if I have the chance, I must go to the Americas first, which will be the greatest blessed place in the world." Zhang Guanghua thought secretly in his heart.

When the R&D task was transferred to Shen Li's side, Zhang Guanghua could finally get out.

During the two months of research, he seemed to be back in the 21st century as all kinds of modern things were made. But when he came to the city wall again, he was pulled back to reality by the scene in front of him.

Because of the scarcity of production of bottom fire and smokeless gunpowder, it is destined that this weapon will not become a series. The newly made rifles and pistols, though incredibly powerful, had to be hidden in the snow, and only Zhang Guanghua's guards had the opportunity to come into contact with them regularly in order to test firearms. thought that this relationship, now Lu Yishan is very stinky in front of other soldiers.

At present, the city defense forces actually use arquebuses. Although all the surplus arquebuses have been converted into flintlock pistols, these flintlock pistols are still piled up in the warehouse, and unexpected weapons should be used when you don't expect them.

(3148 words)

1. Why are bullets made of copper? Because the copper texture is soft, it is not easy to wear out the rifling, and its practical silver can also be used, and many science fiction films have silver warheads.

2. PCT: 10 cm = 3 inches = 30 minutes = 300 cents = 3000 millimeters.

3. Wipe the gun: Most of the bottom fire of today's Chinese bullets is still the use of thunder and mercury products, which will corrode the gun wall, so it is necessary to wipe the gun, and Europe and the United States have already popularized the chemically stable bottom fire, so the number of times the gun chamber needs to be cleaned is not much.