1846, summer, Wusong Port, Shanghai.

Le Mans threw the heavy package on the ground and began to look at this magical oriental city. The city is in the midst of mayoral elections, as if the other day there was a lot of uproar these days because of the stupidity of a politician (bribing local councillors), but Le Mans felt a novelty, although he could see anger in the distorted faces of the young students in the streets, even if he could see the people in strange robes, known as traditionalists, contemptuously insulting democracy, but for a week they had seen a political fight in the capital of the East, Heavily armed police officers were not seen firing at the crowd of demonstrators holding signs.

He once asked a protester why the police were so restrained and had no intention of suppressing them.

The Chinese questioned: "We are not against the government, we are not against the royal family, we are against the copper-smelling businessmen who are tarnishing our great electoral system." ”

Unbeknownst to Le Mans, this brother is different from most Chinese people, and few Chinese are as enthusiastic about democratic politics as this brother, but Le Mans thinks that most Chinese may be like this. He had read Voltaire, who had served Confucius and worshipped on Sunday. It is believed that China's political organization has incomparable superiority in Europe, and that the Chinese nation is an excellent and rational nation. In the eighteenth century, the French said that China was more of interest to the French than England. The fireplaces in the houses are filled with Chinese porcelain figures, and Chinese silk, ceramics, and interior decoration are popular in European society. Voltaire also advocated a natural religion that was not blasphemous, philosophical, and gave intellectual and moral enlightenment - that is, Confucianism.

Le Mans didn't know that even Confucianism was something produced by the establishment of the Chinese Empire in recent years, and many Confucian scholars who were keen to meet the emperor's wishes religiously religiousized Confucianism and produced such a strange religion that was semi-idealistic and semi-materialistic.

Le Mans was an ignorant socialist. Unlike most of the "lumpen socialists" of the mid-nineteenth century, whom Marx disparaged, Le Mans worked hard, received a certain amount of education, read a lot, and although he was still in the position of an exploited petty worker, he thought positively, studied all kinds of political and cultural theories, and aspired to one day establish an earthly kingdom in France.

After a busy day, Le Mans sat in a small dormitory, took out a quill pen, dipped his saliva, and wrote in his diary: "I asked some Chinese, and they told me that after the establishment of the new empire, there has never been a political struggle in Shanghai. The Emperor had long since built a large and well-established police system through his own authority, and that stupid Philip of France, His Majesty, was groping for the same. Undoubtedly, I believe that the establishment of a complete police and public security system has greatly improved social stability in China, at least in the pearl of the Far East. It took me a week to find not a single slum in the city, and it seems that even the poorest Shanghainese have clean and tidy houses, whether they are buildings or mansions. Most of them have stable jobs, reliable income, the government protects the legitimate interests of the workers, and any factory owners and businessmen who are in arrears of wages will be taken away by the police, and they will eventually have to face a large fine to pay in court. It's hard to imagine that the guns in the hands of the police in a country are not aimed at ordinary citizens, but at those rich old men. ”

"What I remember most is the demonstrations of those days, and I can clearly feel the anger of those demonstrators. They behaved in the same way as the loyal French people at the time of the July Revolution.

Of course, there are also differences, and the demonstrators, led by elders who enjoy higher prestige, will not trespass the police cordon drawn by the police. They don't throw stones, they don't spit like black-clad policemen, and they seem to have very few tricks compared to the French demonstrators. Just raising their fists, shouting unified slogans, and holding up slogans that hit the fraudsters. This is the restraint of the demonstrators. Similarly, the police were restrained. Armed with muskets, they simply stood in a row with wooden batons, supervising the demonstrators as if they were overseers, and then guiding them away. For a moment, I seemed to think that the police were in league with the demonstrators. ”

"As was the case in France, Chinese voters must have an educated background in addition to restrictions such as age. If they do it step by step, at least their constituents will have to spend ten years studying. In this country, morality and faithfulness are the foundation of a person's life, and without them, they can no longer survive in society. Therefore, most voters, regardless of class and status, are excellent people, with knowledge and cultivation, and Chinese have good trust in such people. It seems that those ordinary people feel that these voters can make the right choice for them. ”

"There is no proper nobility in this country, and in earlier years it was ruled by the Tatar Empire. After the fall of the Tatar Empire by the Chinese Empire, it seems that the returnees who followed the emperor did not acquire the status of nobility, of course, this may have something to do with their large numbers, which are said to be in the millions alone. There are very few nobles in the country, and the royal family may be considered a large noble, but there is only one emperor, one duke, and one princess in the royal family.

According to the country's aristocratic laws, the cabinet can be knighted if it has made outstanding contributions after leaving office, and the same is true for military personnel. I heard that the descendants of Confucius also have the title of hereditary duke, and the other nobles seem to be basically gone. In this way, the people who rule the country are the commoners themselves, and the emperor does not rule the country directly, so it is no wonder that the government of this country maintains such harmony with the commoners. In addition to their own morality and culture, the government itself is made by the people, and the people will naturally embrace it and not overthrow it. If Louie. Philip's government, like the Chinese government, can give more love to the people, and now it will not make everyone in the country complain: "Perhaps, Voltaire is right, we should imitate the Chinese political organization." They had built a vast empire under the rule of such a political organization, and the British had to take their opinions into account. Although China has the usual meaning of the representative of the feudal forces, the existence of the emperor, but the emperor of China does not represent the interests of the feudal forces. Feudal interests have been uprooted and are facing the choice of either entering a new era or dying out with the old. The emperor is the representative of the commoners, the representative of the proletarians of this country. It is not rigorous to say this, because it seems that the emperor is also the representative of the big businessmen, the big politicians and the generals of the army, and I was surprised to find that the emperor of this country, who seems to represent everything. He reconciles the interests of all parties so that the country can function correctly and move forward like a machine. So, who exactly does the Chinese emperor represent? I was suddenly awakened to the fact that he represented the interests of the country as a whole, and represented justice and justice. People who are in accordance with the law and morality can live happily, on the contrary, the unrighteous and conspirators will be defeated by the whole people. ”

So, what can France learn from China? What can socialists around the world learn from China? ”

"Of course, it is not to find a monarch similar to the emperor of China, nor is it to copy all the legal systems and systems of China. After all, China and Europe are different, and their cultures and beliefs are even more different. We need to be soberly aware that China's strength is not only limited to its invincible army, but also culturally and politically ahead of Europe. There is no aristocracy in this country, and the interests of the whole people are the same. Machines of violence such as the police and the military come from civilians, and it is impossible for them to point their guns at their brothers or even their parents. If the socialists of the whole world want to succeed and build a socialist state, they should have a thorough armed force, an armed force from the people, and destroy all the old feudal forces, no matter which country, the number of commoners is greater than that of the aristocracy. Just like China, the basis of their rule lies in every ordinary person, and the ambition of the feudal forces was extinguished by the sea of the people as soon as there was a spark, and they were terrified and desperate, and finally disappeared into history. If the revolution wants to succeed, it must be thorough, never compromise with the feudal forces, never be bought by the bourgeoisie, and the power of the people is infinite. By loving and helping the common people, and by winning the support of more common people, the real revolution in France will succeed! ”

Le Mans closed his diary, his heart was full of blood, and he could not wait to return to France, to Paris, to unite his comrades, to stand up against all tyrants.

In fact, his point of view was very simple - that is, a country would never be large enough to accommodate two classes, and if the elements were simplified and thorough, then the revolution would succeed.

It's just that, like most of the socialists of this era, his ideas are built on the air. He has no money, no military power, and just has these unproven theories, and he wants to challenge an era, which is somewhat Don Quixote.

Even Lin Hong himself didn't expect that his seemingly peaceful system would become a beacon for the emerging people in this era. And he inadvertently did something that he could not even imagine - exporting revolution