In 1884, the Imperial Admiralty and the Imperial Joint Staff Joint Council jointly submitted a white paper on the Imperial Navy Development Plan to the government and Lin Hong. Pen % fun % pavilion www.biquge.info please search (product # book...... Net)! The fastest update of the novel This can be said to be the white paper on the development of the navy's next five years, as we all know, the general service life of the navy's warships after service is about ten years, and it is actually only five years from the last navy's renewal plan, this time the navy department is in such a hurry to submit a plan for two reasons, one is because the navy technology has made a huge breakthrough, it is the welding and water tube boiler technology mentioned earlier, and the other is that the two-week stage currently in service is facing retirement time, Third, the British put forward a plan for the development of the British navy last year, in 1883.

The feud is not a secret of the ship's learning war

The new battleships that are currently in service with the Imperial Navy, whether they are the Zhouzhou-class or Qin-class, are completely incomparable with the new battleships that have been approved by the Navy. The new battleship is the "Western Han class", compared with the former has been designed and completed the standard displacement of the Western Han class has reached 14,200 tons, the full load displacement is 15,280 tons, and the standard displacement is 14,000 tons after the use of welding technology, and the "Western Han class" has a total length of 124.8 meters, a waterline length of 112.6 meters, a width of 22.4 meters, and a maximum draft of 7.9 meters. In terms of power, there are two vertical reciprocating three-expansion steam engines and 12 water-tube boilers, with two-shaft propulsion, and such power will reach 12,800 horsepower, sorry everyone! The power setting of the Qin class in front should be 10,900 horses, and the maximum speed of this battleship will reach 17.2 knots, which is still a good number even after ten years, and the average speed of the Imperial cruisers is about the same as before, of course, the average speed of the cruiser will be increased to about 20 knots after being equipped with a water-tube boiler.

In addition, in terms of armament of the Western Han Dynasty, the main gun is a three-seat twin assembly of 45 times the diameter, a total of six knapsacks, arranged according to the central axis, two in front and one in the back, mechanical transmission loading, and the rate of fire is 40 seconds per round. The secondary guns are six twin 50-diameter naval guns, in addition to 10 double-diameter close-range machine guns (produced by the Xi'an Arsenal imitation of the Haqikaisi machine gun), a total of 10 torpedo tubes arranged on the side of the ship. This class of battleships has begun to resemble the former dreadnoughts from the inside out. Waterline armor for turret armor to deck armor 45mm conning tower armor to. The total crew is 800 to 850 people.

Compared with the Qin class, the caliber of the main gun of the Western Han class has reached, and originally according to the system of the caliber of the imperial naval gun, this level should be equipped with the main gun of the caliber, but in view of the habit of the European main gun according to the British system, the caliber of the main gun of the warships of the major naval countries in Europe will be so the Admiralty decided to raise the caliber of the main gun to. Another reason is that the main gun caliber used by the British Navy's current main ironclad ship Inflecil is as high as 16 inches, that is, although the shock of the front-loading rifled guns in the Admiralty is greater than the actual combat, but it is also pressure. Of course, the Han class has two major highlights: one is that the rate of fire of the secondary gun is already the standard of rapid-fire guns (the maximum caliber of the naval guns that the emperor can currently achieve rapid-fire is), and the other is that the command room fire control system can be installed to achieve salvo fire, not a small and simple tactical action, and the current ironclad ships are scattered like sailboats.

Compared with the Qin class, the firepower of the Western Han class has been greatly improved, although the thickness of the armor is similar to that of the Qin class, but the armor steel used in the Western Han class is harder and more resilient than the Qin class, and the nickel steel armor can also be the Harvey hardened armor invented by the American Harvey in history, the biggest point of the Western Han class is the big improvement in speed, the West Han class is like the overall improvement of the Qin class, of course, it is not without shortcomings, the biggest disadvantage of the West Han class is the poor endurance, The ship's coal material is 1084 tons, and the maximum endurance at a speed of 10 knots is 4700 nautical miles, which is much worse than the Qin-class, but fortunately, the empire currently has a large number of supply areas and islands in the Pacific and Indian Oceans, and this shortcoming can be compensated. One of the biggest drawbacks of the Han class is that it is expensive, even with the improvement of shipbuilding technology and technology, the cost of each Han class still reached 3.25 million Chinese dollars (that is, 1.146 million pounds) (in contrast, the cost of the Qin class at that time was 6.23 million Chinese dollars, which was equivalent to 800,000 pounds at that time, and the exchange rate at that time was 1 pound to 7.78 Chinese dollars, and now it is 1:2.836).

According to the plan, over the eight years from 1885 to 1893, the Imperial Navy would build a total of 22 battleships of the Western Han class and its improved Eastern Han class to replace all the two classes in the active fleet. That is to say, the imperial treasury needs to pay 168,400,000 to 18,000,000 Chinese yuan for the navy, which is 22.5 million yuan per year, which is not much, of course, the price of cruisers and other ships is calculated separately, and in addition, the Qin-class battleships must be updated to upgrade all the main guns of the Qin-class to He (the caliber of some of the main guns of the original Qin-class is 45 times the diameter), that is, almost more than 27 million per year. In addition, some of the ships in the two-week class will be sold, and some of the funds will be returned. (About one-third of the Zhou class will be sold to second- and third-rate countries in Latin America or Europe, one-third will be sold to Lanfang and Huamei at a low price, and the rest will be transferred to the coastal garrison fleets in various places)

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This time, the passage of the naval development bill went surprisingly smoothly. First, unlike in the past, the members of the two houses of parliament already have extremely high political literacy and vision; The second is that the current members of parliament are elites who grew up in the 4050s and know the role of the navy well (if you catch up with the National Congress, it will not be so simple); The third is that the power of the Han-class this time is enough to be worth two Western Zhou-class ironclad ships, and after eliminating the huge number of two-week ships, the navy has actually carried out self-reduction, and the annual money spent by the imperial treasury on the maintenance of warships will also be reduced. Fourth, building ships will promote further employment in the shipbuilding industry and reduce the unemployment rate. Fifth, the British shipbuilding plan was pressing forward step by step, and the speech of the Navy spokesman in Parliament finally led to the rapid passage of the Navy bill.

In fact, in a sense, the emergence of the Han-class means that the world's navies have entered the pre-dreadnought era.

The plan indicated that by 1893, the Imperial Home Fleet would have 6 Han-class battleships and 8 Qin-class battleships; In the Pacific Fleet, there were 7 Han-class battleships and 7 Qin-class battleships; In terms of the Indian Ocean Navy: the Indian fleet will have 5 Han-class battleships and 5 Qin-class battleships, the East African fleet will have 2 Han-class battleships, 2 Qin-class battleships, and the Persian fleet will not be equipped with Han-class battleships, mainly 2 Qin-class battleships; The Mediterranean Fleet is equipped with 2 Han-class ships and 3 Qin-class ships; The Atlantic Fleet is not equipped with Han-class battleships, mainly 3 Qin-class battleships. In other words, by 1893, the Imperial Navy would be a powerful navy with 52 battleships on Earth, and the Imperial Navy fleet of 22 Lianghan-class and 30 Qin-class ships would help the Empire firmly control the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The reason why the home fleet is only planned to equip six ships is because there is no major threat near the mainland, and because of the existence of the Royal Task Force, which currently has five battleships (all new ships launched around 79) and eight cruisers.

In fact, with the current use of the welding process, the Han-class shipbuilding cycle will be reduced from the original three years to two years, and the reason why it is still positioned as an eight-year plan is to meet the construction of cruisers.

The new class of cruisers also fully use the welding process and water tube boilers, but at present, the welding technology can only be used secretly in some important shipyards of the empire, and the number of cruisers in the plan is heavy and light 40 ships are built each after the new process is used, the displacement of more than 5000 tons of armor thickness is called heavy cruisers, 5000 tons below 2000 tons of armor thickness is the following for light cruisers, and the role of small cruisers in the imperial navy is becoming weaker and weaker, The Admiralty has decided to cancel the positioning of small cruisers and change this class of ships into destroyers (with a displacement of less than 2000 tons), the role of which is positioned as maritime reconnaissance and torpedo attacks, but now there are no satisfactory designs for the major shipyards and design bureaus, so the construction of destroyers can only be determined by the circumstances.

The standard displacement of the new main cruiser Fuzhou class is 8110 tons, the full load displacement is about 8400 tons, the shape and design concept are roughly the same as the historical Garibaldi class, the Fuzhou-class main gun is three twin 50 times the diameter of the naval gun and along the central axis of the front two and one arrangement, no longer the Garibaldi class has 12 ringed ships, the secondary gun is six twin 76mm naval guns, the fastest speed can reach 19 knots, this is a type of heavy cruiser that can participate in the decisive battle of the fleet, The 50 times diameter of the main gun made it possible for the shells to penetrate the new armor, and the British battleships were known to be stuffed with large stuffing and thin skin; The light cruiser is the Liaoning class designed by the Northern Heavy Industry Group, with a standard displacement of 3,780 tons, a full load displacement of 4,200 tons, and the main gun is five twin-mounted 45 times the diameter of the rapid-fire naval guns and six twin-mounted 76mm auxiliary guns and six twin-mounted 35mm machine guns. The cruisers of these two classes were named after the cities in their respective provinces (the names of the provinces were for battleships, and the new ships were launched in place of the old ones).

The knot is not a branch of the ghost ship to pick up the lonely Taigang learning

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What really prompted the Admiralty to make up its mind to build the Han class was the British naval construction program last year. In fact, China and Britain and even Europe and the United States are completely different in the concept of warships, the British ships are more like strategic deterrence weapons, and the Chinese Navy has always regarded battleships as tactical core weapons, so we can obviously do what the British Great Indian Fleet has not dared to confront the East African Fleet with the obvious small number of the Empire, why the British will be so nervous after the Empire forms the Mediterranean Fleet, the reason is that the two countries have different battleship use concepts. Most of Britain's battleships stayed at home, which of course was also affected by the international environment around it, but more battleships existed as a deterrent, basically like Britain's Caribbean Fleet, South African Fleet, Persian Fleet and Pacific Fleet were all based on cruisers. In Britain's naval construction plan last year, the British will build 19 dreadnoughts similar to the Imperial Qin-class in five to seven years, and the British are rapidly strengthening themselves with the wealth they have plundered the world for 200 years.

According to the information of the Imperial CIA, in 1884, that is, this year, the British have placed keels for four "Solemn" classes, and the design concept of the "Solemn" class has adopted a high broadboard flying scissor type, which is expected to be launched by the end of 1887 and can be put into service at the beginning of 1888, and the shipbuilding strength of Britain is not weak, and there are no less than ten large shipyards. Moreover, the British have also mastered the technology of water-tube boilers and are actively using them on their naval warships. In addition, the British also began to learn from the empire in the concept of building ships, and the main gun layout has abandoned the diamond-shaped arrangement and waist gun room layout of the ironclad period, and the central axis turret and backpack type are adopted, and the solemn class is the attempt and determination of the British. It is foreseeable that when the British shipbuilding program is completed, the real all-out confrontation between the Chinese and British navies will begin.

Of course, China's current strength is not bad, the long coastline is the empire's shipyards are even more sufficient, as long as the Admiralty is willing, even if the construction of ten Han-class ships at the same time is not a problem, but this will affect the construction of civilian ships, and the state finance will not be able to support it.

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On May 11, 1884, with the arrival of the first batch of financial funds and the sale of naval bonds, the Admiralty officially issued orders to Dalian Shipyard, Qingdao Shipyard, Jiangnan Shipyard, Mawei Shipyard and Zhanjiang Naval Shipyard, and the 10,000-ton slipways of the five shipyards were officially laid for the Han-class keel. In the coming months, the Admiralty will also place cruiser orders from Dagu Shipyard, Wusong Shipyard, Keelung Shipyard and Sasebo Shipyard in Dongying Province. Another vigorous shipbuilding campaign is about to start.

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