On June 1, 1877, the emperor and ministers of the Austro-Hungarian Empire were dazzled by this gift without any psychological preparation in advance, and the Austro-Hungarian government, who was preparing to sharpen the knife to the pigs and sheep, had not yet sharpened the knives of the pigs and sheep, and the Ottomans under the coordination of China gave the whole of Bosnia and Herzegovina to the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and Serbia would also be placed under the protection of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the Ottoman Empire would not interfere in anything other than its suzerainty over Serbia. You guys want to play how you want. This almost didn't make Joseph I kneel down to thank China! The land that you used to try your best to get is now given to you in vain, and for a time the whole Austro-Hungarian Empire was spreading endless praise to China.

In addition, the Negoro, which was separated by a door from Serbia, was placed under Italian protection. As the loyal little brother of the empire, Italy was also happy by the bones thrown by its master.

On 5 June, the Duchy of Romania was proclaimed, Carol I, a descendant of the Prussian royal family and a member of the House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, was declared Grand Duke of Bulgaria, and the Ottoman troops withdrew to Bulgaria and Macedonia in the south. At this point, the only remaining Ottoman territories in Europe were Bulgaria and Albania.

A series of actions made the British and Russia stunned, even the French were dumbfounded, and the Turks just retreated! It's incredible. The British and French were the first to come to their senses and learn that most of these things were done by the Chinese, and then they found that sure enough, the Ottomans actually owned 5% of the Suez Canal. At this time, Russia was still entangled, the Grand Duchy of Romania was formed, Serbia had broken away from the Ottomans, and they could no longer find a suitable reason to conquer this Islamic pagan state. If you want to attack on land, you need to pass through Bulgaria, but now the Grand Duke of Bulgaria is a German, Romania has also been recognized by various major powers, rash transit will definitely be questioned by these countries, and even then they will have a reason to fight another Crimean War, the Black Sea Fleet at sea has only been established for a few years, and it is not an opponent of the Ottomans at all in terms of size and quality, what should I do? It can't be done! I had to withdraw.

The tenth Russian-Turkish war in history was stopped by the Chinese, but the Balkans were still chaotic, and the saddest country in the world at this time must be Russia, the hard-working preparations, the army was in place, as a result, the war ended before it began, the Russians gained nothing, the Bosphorus is still not open to Russian * ships, Russia's influence in the Balkans is once again contained, and after this time the Balkans have more Germans, and its attempts to develop naval forces in the direction of the Mediterranean have once again failed. The second saddest thing is Greece in the Balkans. In 1828, Ionis Kapodistias led Greece to the first president of the First Republic. However, he was assassinated in 1831. Since then, the whole country has been in turmoil; The Great Powers decided to step in and planned to form a kingdom. At the London Conference of 1832, Britain, France, and Russia appointed Prince Otto, who ruled the Wittelsbach dynasty of Bavaria, as the first monarch of Greece. Since Otto was still a minor at the time, he was assisted by a regent. It was not until 1835 that he became a politician.

After the deposition of Otto I in 1862, Prince Wilhelm of Denmark ascended the throne as George I. He reigned for a total of fifty years. During this time, Greece expanded greatly (shortly after his coronation, the British ceded the island of Ionia to Greece). At this time, George I was the one who most wanted the Balkans to be in chaos. As long as the Balkans were in turmoil, he had the opportunity to annex the European territories of the Ottoman Empire to the north. Now all the ideas have come to naught.

The war did not start, but the struggle continued.

In July 1877, the Ottoman Empire, with the help of Chinese and German instructors, began to train a new army and form the Ottoman General Staff. On the basis of the original 406,000 men and 858 artillery pieces (not counting the standing army and local units), the Ottoman army was retrained and reorganized, and within three years, the Ottoman army was expanded to 533,000 men and a modern army with nearly 29,000 artillery pieces of various types. The Ottoman Empire did not invest much in the navy, except for the purchase of three more Eastern Zhou-class and a few cruisers in China with the money obtained from the issuance of government bonds in the Chinese and German markets.

The Ottoman Empire's military expansion did not make Russia nervous and uncomfortable, after all, Russia is still the largest army in Europe at 830,000 (the number of Russian troops reached 1.1 million after the Crimean War, especially after the loss of Siberia, but the subsequent Russian reforms cut some of them). As for where the money for the Russian reform came from, it can only be said that God rewarded it, the oil of the Caucasus and Baku now accounts for 60% of the world's production) It is not something that the Ottomans can shake, Russia at most pays attention to the expansion of the Ottoman Black Sea Fleet, and does not care about the Ottoman army at all, in their opinion, no matter how many of them can stop a single charge of the Cossacks. The real tension was in the Balkan states, such as Romania and Serbia, which were still Ottoman vassals but were really just names. Caught between Russia and the Ottomans, Romania was imperative. With the help of Germany, Romania planned to have an army of 200,000 by 1880, all with German weapons.

The real madness is Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina has been placed under the austro-Hungarian mandate, and it is still a protectorate of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the point is that its big brother, Russia, cannot intervene yet. In particular, some conflicts and armed repression of Austria-Hungary when it took over Bosnia and Herzegovina hit the pain of Serbia. Get up! People who don't want to be slaves! Of course, Serbia can only look for Russia if it wants to expand its army, and Big Brother doesn't talk nonsense, asking people to give people guns and guns, as for money! Am I not enough for myself? The Russians had no money, but the British came to the door themselves.

As soon as the Serb opened the big boss, he was decisively happy! Pledge your allegiance now! The Balkans must be optimistic about the British adults. Then the British boss took a look, hey! Serbia is so good at waving its hand, reward! rewarded a loan of 50 million pounds, and Serbian Mao didn't take out 50 million for nothing, that's called Huan!

Speaking of which, the Balkan crisis is resolved, but of course it is not that simple. The Ottomans had effectively lost most of Europe, and better than historically, the Ottomans had at least kept Bulgaria and some other lands, and were compensated for the canal's shares. The Russians made little real gain, but they achieved their goal of eliminating the Ottoman power in the Balkans, but they gained nothing. The French issued an ultimatum to show their existence and protect their interests in the Ottomans (historically, France was the country with the greatest influence on the Ottomans and the country with the most investment and interests in the Ottomans). The British didn't do anything at first, and finally showed their faces and wooed the Serbian children. Austria-Hungary is the biggest winner on the surface, picking up Bosnia and Herzegovina for nothing, and Serbia has the right to protect, in fact, everyone knows that this is called easy trouble, throw the trouble to you, and you won't play. The Chinese Empire paid for the canal and a fleet (of course, the Ottomans still had to pay) and got nothing, but finally kept the Ottoman forward position. However, the country almost didn't scold the cabinet to death, fortunately, the emperor came forward to suppress the opposition and scolding, otherwise Li Hongzhang's cabinet would have become the first cabinet in the history of the empire to fall and dissolve itself, but fortunately, high-level people are still more understanding.

As I mentioned earlier, Serbia received a loan from the British, and while Austria-Hungary was still suppressing the opposition elements in Bosnia and Herzegovina, it immediately pulled up an army of 263,000 men under the armies of Russia and Britain.

Then to Greece, the original army of 7 or 80,000 was expanded to 180,000 by George I, and the Greek Navy also placed an order for two ironclad ships from Britain again.

The Balkans are also completely in turmoil