Chapter 64 Maneuverability Design of Transport Aircraft
As soon as Philip's words came out, Cam and Messerschmidt both patted their heads, and then it dawned on them. Cam said in annoyance, "Mr. Philip, I don't know why you have so many wonderful designs in your head. I feel like I'm like a primary school student in front of you, and I, the chief designer, think I need to strengthen my studies! ”
Philip laughed and said, "Mr. Cam is so good at complimenting! I'm a little embarrassed by what you've said. Actually, I just have some different ideas, of course, whether it can be realized depends on you! I'm talking about it all on paper, and when it comes to specific designs, I'm definitely not as good as yours. ”
Messerschmidt interjected: "I said you two should stop flattering each other, if we continue like this, we will all have goosebumps, won't we?" I think the semi-rocker landing gear that Philip mentioned just now is very good and inspires me a lot! This can be called a light-weight structure. There are also many aircraft structures that can be designed in this way, where multiple load-bearing objects are integrated into a reinforced hardware body, which can reduce a lot of weight and increase performance. ”
Cam immediately chimed in, "Dr. Wiley, you and I are together!" I think this lightweight construction is very useful, and we can try it in the design of this transport aircraft. ”
Messerschmitt glanced at everyone, and saw that everyone was holding pens and writing non-stop, except for the three of them, and Antonov, who had just walked out of school, the others really did not know much about aircraft design, and this kind of seminar was an opportunity for them to learn.
Messerschmidt continues: "Ladies and gentlemen, there is no disagreement with the overall design concept proposed by Philip. So next, let's talk about the maneuverability design of this transport aircraft. As a comprehensive measure of the performance of a transport aircraft, in addition to the previous indicators to be achieved, its balance characteristics, stability characteristics and handling characteristics are also very important, for example, in the flight by external disturbances the balance of the aircraft is destroyed and can not be automatically restored, the pilot often spends a lot of energy to correct, when changing the flight state, the pilot is very difficult to control, the aircraft is slow to react, then such an aircraft is almost unacceptable. Let's talk about our opinions! ”
Cam nodded, "That's true. The balance of the aircraft boils down to the problems of longitudinal balance, lateral balance and course balance. Especially in the flight of transport aircraft, the balance state is often changed, such as fuel consumption, retracting and retracting flaps, cargo movement, etc., will change the balance of the aircraft. The change of pitch torque needs to be adjusted by a well-designed elevator, and the heading balance and lateral balance of the aircraft are also interrelated, when one balance is broken, the other balance cannot be maintained, and maneuverability is particularly important. The size of the steering stick force and its change with speed is the most important indicator to measure the quality of maneuverability, the rod force is too small, the pilot can not accurately control and judge the flight state, the rod force is too large and too laborious, and even can not reach the specified flight state, so I think a small rudder can be installed near the trailing edge of the elevator, which can partially or completely cancel the steering stick force and help the pilot to maneuver. ”
Messerschmitt laughed: "Mr. Cam is right, I think that this kind of adjustment rudder can also be installed on the rudder, and it will have a similar effect!" In addition, the position of the center of gravity of the aircraft has a great impact on the longitudinal stability, so when designing, the center of gravity of the aircraft should be as far forward as possible. This is due to the decrease of the additional moment generated when the angle of attack is changed when the distance between the center of gravity and the focus is small, for the aircraft with a backward center of gravity, when the aircraft is disturbed and the angle of attack is increased, the additional lift generated by the wing makes the nose of the nose lift, and the angle of attack is further increased, forming an unstable moment. So the design has to take that into account. ”
After saying that, Messerschmidt set his sights on Philip, who he believed also had a unique insight.
When Philip saw Messerschmidt looking at him like this, he had to tell some of the aircraft design knowledge he had already known: "Actually, I think I can add a pair of pelvic fins to make the direction more stable." In addition, the device of inner sealing compensation can be designed on the aileron, and its compensation surface is located in the cavity of the trailing edge of the wing, and this cavity is separated into upper and lower parts by airtight adhesive tape, and does not ventilate each other. When the aileron is deflected downward, the pressure in the lower part is strong, the pressure in the upper part is small, and the pressure in the lower part of the cavity is greater than that in the upper part, thus forming a pressure difference between the upper and lower parts. This pressure difference acts on the compensating surface, and the moment on the aileron shaft is opposite to the moment of the aerodynamic force on the aileron shaft, helping the driver to overcome the hinge moment. ”
Messerschmitt exclaimed: "Good! Not bad! We want to pool everyone's wisdom and make this large transport aircraft the most advanced transport aircraft. The large transport aircraft was codenamed M40, which means that the aircraft can carry 4 tons of cargo, while the passenger version can carry 40 passengers. The M40 transport aircraft project was designed by Mr. Cam as the chief designer, Mr. Philip as the general consultant, and I was responsible for coordinating the coordination and task assignment between the Messerschmitt company and the Dragon Soul aircraft manufacturing company, and the final assembly was carried out in the Dragon Soul aircraft manufacturing company. ”
As soon as Messerschmidt's voice fell, everyone applauded enthusiastically, this is indeed an epoch-making event! Think about it, such a huge land-based large transport aircraft, this must be the largest and best transport aircraft in the world, to be able to participate in the development of this kind of aircraft, it will become the glory of everyone's life!
In the history of that time and space, 1933 was a year of great significance in the history of the development of transport aircraft. On February 8, a prototype of Boeing in the United States of America made its first test flight with 10 passengers on board. The modified Boeing 247D has a cruising speed of 304 kilometers per hour and a range of 1,200 kilometers. On 1 July, the Douglas Corporation of the United States of America made its first flight of the DC-1 transport aircraft, which was later modified and finalized as the DC-2, which can carry 16 passengers, has a cruising speed of 274 kilometers per hour and a range of 1,900 kilometers. The Boeing 247D and DC2 marked the birth of modern transport aircraft, which were significantly improved in structure, performance and ride comfort compared with earlier transport aircraft. As soon as they came out, they received a large number of orders from various airlines.
However, by the time Messerschmidt planned to develop a large transport aircraft, history was destined to be changed. According to the current plan, it is not only possible that the large transport aircraft of Messerschmitt will be built earlier than the Boeing 247D, but will also be ahead of the latter in terms of technology. You must know that the Messerschmitt M40 transport aircraft is designed to take off 18 tons, which is three times that of the Boeing 247, and the load capacity and range are far more than the latter, and several breakthrough designs of the M40 transport aircraft will definitely make it a strong stroke in the history of world aviation.