Chapter 82: Zanzibar
Mogadishu is the capital and important port of Somalia, located in the southeast of Somalia, bordering the west coast of the Indian Ocean, located in the Shabelle River Basin, although only 200 kilometers away from the equator, but the climate is cool, the forest is verdant, is a scenic spot in Somalia. Now he is the largest colonial city of the Chinese Empire in East Africa, in fact, Mogadishu is an overseas territory of Oman, since 1835 Dr. Zheng Qi landed here and occupied Mogadishu with the army has been six years, at that time Oman had sent people to Mogadishu to protest, Zheng Qi directly sent the East African fleet to the capital of Oman Zanzibar outside the circle Oman did not dare to make noise anymore, and now this ancient city under the development of China has a different style.
Walking on the streets of Mogadishu, looking at the streets full of Chinese and Chinese-style buildings mixed with Islamic architecture, Zheng Qi is very pleased, since 35 years was sent by the emperor to East Africa to open up the colony to the past six years, Zheng Qi conscientiously manages this vast overseas land in East Africa, Zheng Qi is the governor of East Africa, in fact, he is the emperor of East Africa, but as a system member, he is loyal to Lin Hong, in the Sino-British hegemony war, Britain sent a secret envoy to Mogadishu to hope that Zheng Qi announced** and signed a protection agreement with the United Kingdom, and was expelled by Zheng Qi without question. During the war, Zheng Qi actively recruited immigrants and indigenous people to form legions and marched towards the middle Nile, Uganda and Kenya.
However, the war ended too quickly for Zheng Qi in just over a year, and the three colonial divisions he sent are currently occupying the eastern part of the Middle Nile, and in Uganda and Burundi have only obtained a few protection agreements from local chiefs, and cannot fully control Uganda and Rwanda, while Kenya is relatively smooth, because there is no national organization in the interior of Kenya, and it is still in the stage of primitive communes, and the coastal areas are the overseas territories of the Emirate of Oman. The Colonial Division soon took control of the eastern and northeastern parts of Kenya (present-day Eastern and Northeast Provinces of Kenya), and the western part of Kenya was not entered because of the Kilimanjaro Mountains and deserts.
However, these can be done slowly, and it is believed that it is only a matter of time before the empire's huge population base and the newly acquired Indian population can eat through these places.
He now went to the port to meet the envoy sent by the emperor. Because the technology of submarine cables was not mature at this time, Lin Hong's connection with East Africa and North America relied on high-speed steam mail ships.
"Hello Mr. Special Envoy! I'm Zheng Qi, the Governor of East Africa. β
"Hello Your Excellency! I am Li Hongzhang, the special envoy sent by His Majesty the Emperor to East Africa this time, and the doctor just called me Shaoquan, and the younger generation is very respectful of the doctor's deeds, and I hope that the doctor can give me advice. "Li Hongzhang and Zeng Guofan also helped in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs after returning to China, and for these powerful historical celebrities, Lin Hong gave them a lot of freedom to study in various departments. Li Hongzhang's visit to East Africa as a special envoy this time was not a test for Lin Hong. Li Hongzhang himself knew that this was the emperor's test for him, so he was very careful to understand the situation in the East African colonies.
"Well said, well said! Shaoquan, I don't know what instructions Your Majesty has here? β
"Doctor, this time Shaoquan has brought His Majesty the Emperor's oracle and the commendation of the cabinet."
"Alright, let's go back to the Governor's Palace!"
"Edict, Zheng Qi, the governor of East Africa, worked diligently to expand the empire's territory in Africa, and made Zheng Qi the count of the empire, and made Li Hongzhang the chief of staff of the Imperial East African Colonial Corps for Mogadishu."
"Your Excellency, I will be your subordinate from now on."
"Shaoquan, it's funny, the development of the empire depends on you young people, just like Your Majesty said that when the youth is strong, the country is strong."
"Dr. Liao praised! Shaoquan is still young and has to learn more. β
"Haha!" The two looked at each other and smiled.
The Governor's Mansion Study - "Shaoquan, I don't know if Your Majesty has any specific instructions for East Africa?" β
"The Doctor is really sensible. Your Majesty and the General Staff Headquarters have recently studied the information you have sent to Africa, and Your Majesty means to go south, and to the north, because we have an agreement with the British on the Suez Canal, and then march towards Egypt and Sudan will arouse the suspicion of the European countries and attract attacks from all countries, so Your Majesty means to go south and control the Nile. As long as a dam is built on the upper Nile in Uganda, Egypt's life and death are in the hands of the empire. β
"In that case, I will tell Shaoquan in detail about the situation in Uganda and Kenya, and then we will make a specific plan."
"That's what I mean! In addition, Your Majesty hopes that you can strengthen your penetration into the Middle East, preferably Kuwait, Bahrain, Dubai, etc., under the protection of the Empire, but Your Majesty also knows that the British have penetrated deeply in these areas, so we will seize Zanzibar first. β
After listening to Li Hongzhang's words, Zheng Qi sat on the rosewood chair and took a puff of his cigar, thought for a while, and said: "Actually, about the Middle East, I think we can start with the Ottoman Empire, although he is now in decline and is basically bullied, but after all, he is still a European power with suzerainty in the Middle East and North Africa, so I think we can let the Imperial Foreign Ministry use diplomatic means to achieve our goals." β
"The doctor's words are reasonable, I will immediately ask the Navy to send a notification ship to deliver news to the country!"
"Shaoquan is not in a hurry! We still have to think about how to seize Zanzibar, at least a few islands to be concessioned. β
"I wonder what the doctor thinks?"
"European countries and we used to engage in gunboat diplomacy on the grounds that merchants had been attacked or treated unfairly. But the reasons for seizing Zanzibar this time are a bit far-fetched, after all, Zanzibar is now the capital of Oman, and given the relationship between Oman and the United Kingdom, it is difficult for us to make this argument work. β
"Yes! Tricky indeed! Li Hongzhang said helplessly-
Zanzibar, also known as "Unguja", is one of the most beautiful islands in the world like a pearl set in the turquoise ocean. Zanzibar has a romantic history and has been a treasure trove for centuries for merchants, maritime traders, explorers, gold prospectors, envoys and invaders. Zanzibar has a rich cultural heritage, with Kiswahili being the local language, which contains many Arabic, Hindi and Portuguese words. The bullfighting and New Year's celebrations on Pemba also originated with the Portuguese and Persians in ancient times.
It consists of two larger coral islands, Zanzibar and Pemba, and more than 20 neighbouring islands, with the closest distance from the mainland being 36 kilometres, and most of them are below 46 metres above sea level, except for a few areas above 100 metres above sea level. Among them, Zanzibar Island is a coral coast with a length of 85 kilometers from north to south and a width of 40 kilometers from east to west, with an area of 1,658 square kilometers, except for the sand coast of the west coast. Pemba Island is located 40 kilometers north of Zanzibar and covers an area of 984 square kilometers; Tumba Island is located two kilometers northwest of Zanzibar Island, with an area of 15 square kilometers; In the southeast of Zanzibar, the island of Lasanmukhan is 27 meters long and 155 meters wide, and is only 3 meters above the tide line above the sea surface.
(975-1503) In 975 C.E., Hassan ibn Ali, the prince of Shiraz in Islam, Islamized, took his six sons to the coast of East Africa to escape the war. When they first arrived on the coast of East Africa, they were in a very difficult situation. At that time, there were still few inhabitants along the coast of East Africa, and they were in the stage of primitive society. The Ali family exchanged a large amount of cloth for a place to stay. He also had his children and grandchildren marry the daughters of indigenous chiefs and daughters to bond with them. Over the course of several generations, the Ali family relied on their intellectual and cultural superiority to unify the coastal islands of East Africa and the coastal lowlands of the mainland, stretching from the island of Lamu (in Kenya) in the north to the island of Comoros in the south. They made Kilwa their capital and established the Εangi Empire. The islands of San and Ben were important territories of the empire.
(1503-1652) In 1498, the Portuguese colonists completed a detour to the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and sailed into the Indian Ocean. In doing so, they broke the centuries-old pattern of Persians and Arabs dominating Northeast Africa and the northern Indian Ocean. In 1503, including Sang. Important ports in East Africa, including Ben and the two islands, fell into Portuguese hands. The Persians and indigenous chieftains of the Samgei Empire resisted. But all ended in failure. The main way of Portuguese rule was to set up a Portuguese governor and maintain the local system of great chieftains for their own use. The Governor asked the Great Chief to collect the taxes on his behalf, half for his own use and half for the payment. In order to obtain greater profits, for the smooth development of their ocean-going invasion and ocean-going trade, the Portuguese expanded small factories such as wharves, docks, food processing factories, and machinery repair factories on the islands of San and Ben. In order to spread the salvation of Christ, the Portuguese also built some churches. Business aspects. The Portuguese plundered ivory, gold, and hawksbill turtles mainly from Africa, silk, tea, and porcelain from Far East China, and spices from Southeast Asia. At that time, Zanzibar became a distribution center for Portuguese goods and a logistics supply base for passing ships.
In 1643, the already declining Portuguese were driven out of the Arabian Peninsula by the emerging Sultanate of Oman. In 1652, the Sultan of Oman, Saif Saif, led a warship to storm Zanzibar, executed the colonists, including the governor Augustus, and drove the Portuguese forces out of the islands. The Portuguese ruled the islands of San and Ben for a total of 150 years, and the influence of Christianity was eliminated by the back and forth of Islam. In 1698, the Portuguese were driven out of East Africa by the powerful Sultanate of Oman.
The Sultan of Oman, Saeed, was a man of great eloquence. He was born in 1791. In 1804 his father, Ahmad Sultan, died and his cousin ascended to the throne. But two years later, Saeed assassinated his cousin and became sultan himself, at the age of fifteen. For the next two decades, Sultan Saeed was largely busy unifying the Emirates in Oman and resisting the Saudi invasion. In 1828, when Saeed saw that Omani territory was basically stable, he personally led a large fleet to quell the rebels in his overseas territories. After a fierce battle, the rebels were conquered. In 1832 he moved the capital to Zanzibar.
The capture of Zanzibar was the first and most important step in the empire's southward movement, Zanzibar's geographical location was extremely important, and it could be used as a transit point for the empire's southward material personnel to lay the foundation for the second step of military operations to seize Moroni and the Comoros Islands, and before the opening of the Suez Canal, Zanzibar was an important stop in the shipping lanes for imperial merchant ships to Europe, and controlling Zanzibar could strengthen its control over commercial trade. With the strength of the current empire's navy and land forces in East Africa, it is easy to occupy by force, but the only troublesome current Sultan of Oman, Saeed, is definitely a difficult opponent.
Said maintained good relations with the British, and he knew very well that the British could not afford to offend. So on the issue of the abolition of the slave trade. The British signed a series of agreements with him to eventually abolish the slave trade. Saeed also encouraged the development of business relations with Europe and the United States. In 1833, the British established a consulate general in Zanzibar. In 1840, Said also sent an ocean-going freighter to New York. The empire also had a consulate in Zanzibar. It is precisely because Said and these countries either have entanglements of interests or establish one-way diplomatic relations that it is difficult for the empire to attack without a valid reason