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The meeting in the spring of 1903 was important to China not only because it determined the general strategy of China's diplomacy to "unite Britain against Russia" and to win China's sea power, but also because the members of the National Assembly had a fierce debate on the "establishment of an agricultural state" and "an industrial and commercial state" on major domestic policies.

At that time, half of the 800 arhats in the National Assembly were Confucian scholars, half were already merchants, and some of the merchants were Confucian merchants. He advocated "building a country in agriculture" representative is the great Confucian professor Gu Hongming of Peking University, he is the first person in China who is proficient in Western science, language and Oriental Chinese studies in modern times, he translated three of China's "four books" - "Analects", "The Mean" and "University", and admired Chinese civilization all his life, to what extent, for example, Gu Hongming likes his wife's aunt's small feet, whenever she is bored, he asks her to take off her shoes, and then lowers her head, like smelling flowers, and when writing needs inspiration, he will call Shugu into the study, Let her put her little feet on the stool prepared in advance, pinch and pinch from time to time, and enjoy herself. Kang Youwei sent Gu Hongming a banner of "contentment and happiness" for this reason, Gu Hongming said: "Kang Youwei knows my heart very well. "Men are like teapots, women are like teacups, a teapot can match several teacups, so it is natural for men to take concubines; Each teacup can only be equipped with a teapot, so a woman should start from the beginning! He even pointed out in a unique way: "To understand the true Chinese and Chinese civilization, that person must be deep, broad and simple", because "the character of Chinese and the three characteristics of Chinese civilization are deep, broad and simple", in addition to "sensitivity". From this unique perspective, Gu Hongming compares the Chinese with the Americans, the British, the Germans, and the French, highlighting the characteristics of the Chinese: Americans are broad and simple, but not deep; The British are deep and simple, but not broad; The Germans are broad and deep, not simple; The French do not have the natural depth of the Germans. It is not as broad-minded as the Americans and the British are simple-minded, but they have the agility that these three peoples lack; Only the Chinese have these four excellent spiritual traits in a comprehensive way. It is precisely for this reason that Gu Hongming said that the overall impression left by the Chinese is "gentle." "That indescribable gentleness". Behind the gentle image of the Chinese, there is their "innocent heart" and "adult wisdom". The Chinese, Koo wrote, "live a childlike life—a life of the heart." Therefore, Gu Hongming strongly advocated the maintenance of Chinese civilization, "Since ancient times, agriculture has been the foundation of China's nation. ”

Those who advocated "building a country through industry and commerce" were the "Dongting Mountain Gang" headed by Zhang Jian, the chief minister of agriculture and industry, and the Xi family. Under the leadership of Xi Muyan. The Xi family integrated the Jiangsu and Zhejiang merchants and brought it to the top of the country step by step, among which the rich businessmen in Nanxun Town, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province are the most famous, this town is on the south bank of Taihu Lake, is the east gate of Shanghai, and the water and land transportation is convenient. The development of Nanxun town began in the 50s of the 19th century, after the opening of the treaty port, these people ran the silk industry and got rich, because Nanxun is rich in silk, known as lake silk, the quality is leading, so the export is also very competitive. Out of a lot of rich people. It is known as four elephants, eight cows and seventy-two golden dogs. It is generally believed that "elephant" refers to a wealthy man who owns more than one million taels of property, 500,000 to 1 million taels are called "cattle", and 300,000 to 500,000 taels are called "dogs". According to this estimate, the total amount of their possessions should be between 60 million and 80,000,000 taels. After Song Xiaofei came to power, Sheng Xuanhuai's cabinet government vigorously encouraged the development of industry and commerce during this period. In addition to the silk industry, they have invested extensively in modern industries such as silk reeling, financial industry, salt industry, shipping industry, real estate and other fields. For example, Gu Jingzhai of the Gu family continued to operate Gu Fengsheng Silk Company, and at the same time, he entered the Shanghai Qiankang Silk Factory in 1896, becoming the largest silk factory in Shanghai at the beginning of the 20th century. In 1902, Gu Jingzhai participated in the establishment of Huaxing Flour Company, one of the earliest flour mills in Shanghai.

Gu Hongming, Zhang Jian and others quarreled in the Congress, no one could convince anyone, the dispute between "agriculture and industry" and "industry and commerce" was very important, newspapers all over the country joined the discussion, and finally Rong Hong had to ask Song Xiaofei to come forward, Song Xiaofei also felt that it was time to give Confucianism a political lesson.

Song Xiaofei entered the National Assembly Hall, coughed, and the hall suddenly fell silent, and more than 700 members of parliament who attended the meeting were waiting for Song Xiaofei's speech.

After Song Xiaofei thought about it carefully, he said: "Taishi Gong once said: The world is bustling, all for profit; The world is crowded, all for profit. You gentry and parliamentarians like to be gentlemen, ashamed of words, saying that a gentleman is righteous and a villain is profitable. If it is placed in a peaceful and prosperous era, it is fine, it does not matter if you do not talk about profit, do not fight for profit, at most the country is poorer. But what is the world now? The Tessian powers are rampant, and the poor and weak countries are reduced to colonies of rich and powerful countries, and the weak eat the strong. In such a world, can we not speak of profit? Can we not fight for profit? And the benefits of industry and commerce are greater than the benefits of agriculture is obvious to all. As early as 30 years ago, President Li Hongzhang realized that the transition from agricultural civilization to industrial and commercial civilization was the inevitable path to the salvation of the Chinese people. Do you know that in the world civilization, industry and commerce are more important than words. A glimpse of the strength of the countries of the East and the West is not the same. Speaker Yung Wing has been in the United States for many years, and he should know that in the 90s of the 18th century, Hamilton, the first Treasury Secretary of the United States, and Secretary of State Jefferson had an argument about "building a country based on industry and commerce" and "building a country on agriculture". I'm afraid that in the future, even England will be inferior to the United States. ”

Gu Hongming is not a fuel-efficient lamp, he said: "Advocating the establishment of industry and commerce as a country, I am afraid that the government and profiteers will collude and oppress the people. And the collusion between officials and businessmen will inevitably bring disaster to the country and the people! In China at present, who is not in collusion with the government for all businessmen who can make their careers bigger? Who hasn't spent money on an official? ”

Song Xiaofei laughed and said: "Councillor Koo, you should know that in the parliament of the British Empire, except for the aristocratic parliamentarians who are businessmen or politicians who represent the interests of businessmen, there is hardly anyone who speaks for the working people - the working people do not have the right to vote and be elected, because they do not pay taxes or pay too little taxes, so they have no representatives in the parliament!" China's Congress, as well as you, the great Confucians who take it as their responsibility to govern the country and level the world, speak for the common people. I think that collusion between officials and businessmen is not a problem, the problem is that there must be a rule, how to collude, how to fight the law, in this Congress, on the table, to represent the interests of all parties in a righteous and bright way! ”

Gu Hongming said, then I will represent the toiling masses today to reason with these profiteers! After speaking, Gu Hongming handed over a document to Song Xiaofei.

Song Xiaofei saw that it was an investigation report, which contained cases of strikes by workers in some raw silk factories. After seven or eight years of rapid development, a large number of peasants have poured into the cities, and with the reduction of the labor force occupied by agriculture, the peasants have poured into the cities in large numbers. Therefore, the capitalists have very hard cards, because they do not have to worry about not being able to recruit workers, and the working and living conditions of the workers are very poor, working 14 or 5 hours a day. As a result, some workers, instigated by others, went on violent strikes and smashed factories, and some even robbed the factory owners of their property on the grounds that they were "vampires" and were detained by local patrol police in accordance with the law.

"The demands of the workers at the raw silk factory are absolutely reasonable, they want nothing more than one day off a week, a slightly cleaner diet, and no longer live in the same damp, dark and crowded rooms as rats and centipedes," said Koo. So there was a strike, but some of the profiteers gave in slightly, and most of the factories closed because they were not profitable. ”

Song Xiaofei thought for a while and said: "The closure of the raw silk factory is definitely a "lose-lose" result! I don't know the real profits of the raw silk mill owners, but I have read a little about economics, and in a commodity society, the price of any asset is not distorted for a long time. If the profits of the raw silk mill are much higher than that of other industries, then there may be many new raw silk factories in a year, and with the raw silk factory, the workers are not afraid of not having the opportunity to raise their wages. I will submit this report to the cabinet government of Premier Sheng Xuanhuai, and instruct the Raw Silk Industry Association to come up with a plan as soon as possible to increase the welfare of employees on the basis of ensuring reasonable profits of the factory. ”

The thunderous applause at the meeting lasted for a long time, and the parliamentarians of the Jiangsu-Zhejiang consortium were also very pleased, and they were really worried that the president would be angry with them and give full consent to the workers' uprising, putting their interests at risk.

Song Xiaofei finally said, "I am very sympathetic to the problem of poor labor raised by Councilor Koo. However, it is most important to find a mutually acceptable point of convergence between the interests of workers, businessmen and society, which can be addressed through trade unions and trade associations. I will never allow workers to smash and loot the property of the so-called factory owners. We are a society governed by the rule of law, and if there is no money, we will rob it, and it is absolutely not allowed at this time! We protect the private property of every citizen in accordance with the law! ”

There was another round of warm applause at the venue. Song Xiaofei said: "Each of us, in the future, do not look down on businessmen, businessmen seek profits, it is their nature, this is also normal human nature, businessmen do not steal or rob, as long as they are not forced to buy and sell, there is no exploitation of anyone." If you don't like it, you can not buy their services. We must believe that the market, as long as it can be freely exchanged, is the greatest fairness for everyone! We, the Chinese nation, will build a country with industry and commerce in the future and restore the reputation of businessmen! You can't look down on businessmen, otherwise the common people will have to suffer from poverty! ”

In the end, the National Assembly passed the resolution of "building a country by industry and commerce" by a large majority.