Chapter 153: Colonial Disputes 1
Since 1835, when the empire began to colonize the East African coast, East Africa has been the focus of the empire's colonization, especially after the opening of the Suez Canal and the increase in trade between Europe and Asia.
A large part of the reason why the political situation in Somalia was turbulent and warlords in later generations was that its strategic location was important, which led to countries intervening to establish and support their own forces in Somalia.
More than 1700 B.C., the Horn of Africa was the country of "Bont", which was famous for its production of spices. From the 7th century onwards, Arabs and Persians continued to settle here, establishing trading posts and several sultanates along the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean coast. In the 13th century, a feudal empire was established.
The specialty of Somalia is spices and bananas and fisheries, but the problem is also here, since the establishment of the colony of the empire, the empire businessmen and capitalists have focused on the spice and banana industry, of course, this is also the characteristic of the colonial economy, but with a large number of "migrated" labor from North India and Myanmar and Vietnam, the population pressure in East Africa, mainly Somalia, has increased dramatically, and the food problem has begun to become prominent, rivers are scarce, the main rivers are Shabelle and Juba. Most of the area has a tropical desert climate, and the southwest has a savannah climate, with high temperatures all year round, dry and little rain. Annual precipitation decreases from 500-600 mm to less than 100 mm from south to north, and deserts, semi-deserts and savannahs are widespread. With the exception of the Juba and Shabelle rivers in the south, the other rivers are intermittent. The food production simply cannot meet the needs of the growing population, and a large number of corn and potatoes are shipped from the North American colonies every year, but it is far from quenching the thirst of the near future.
The East African colony is divided into three parts, one eastern colonial area is roughly Somalia, Djibouti and eastern South Sudan in later generations, this piece is mostly directly managed by the colonial government of East Africa, that is, the colonial officials of the empire, and the other is the colony of Kenya, which is mainly the local chieftaincy, the tribal leader is appointed to rule, similar to the Qing Dynasty's golden vase lottery system, the heir of the tribal leader must be recognized by the Kenyan colonial government to be eligible, of course, there is no heir or died in an accident, their land is managed by the colonial government, More than 20 years of colonial rule still have prestige here. As for the last piece is the Ethiopian region, here because of the original means of the empire, it is now basically the status quo of the coexistence of the countries, the empire is only nominal rule, although the Kingdom of Abyssinia (that is, Ethiopia) is divided into a number of principalities, but unfortunately these principalities are basically obedient to the rule of the colonial government of the empire in East Africa, so that the goal of successive East African governors to dedicate the crown of the Abyssinian Kingdom to their emperor has failed.
The Somali colonial empire has stationed three standing colonial divisions in Mogadishu, Djibouti and Nairobi according to domestic standards, seven integrated defense divisions are stationed in some major cities and strategic locations, the officers of the defense division are mainly Chinese, and the majority of the army is immigrants (Burmese, Asan, etc.), in addition to the imperial alliance army composed of indigenous people, the Royal Army Assistance Corps of the Chinese Empire is stationed in the important resource production areas of the colonies to squeeze the toiling masses of Somalia. The total number is close to more than 200,000, which is still the number after the last disarmament, there is no way, East Africa is too big, there are many places to manage, and it does not want to be friendly with natives and immigrants like the North American colonies, and it is not like the British India that has been completely subjugated. The colonial government in East Africa now spends half of its colonial finances every year on the maintenance of armaments, and fortunately the banana industry, fishing and spice revenues have been sufficient in recent years to keep the colonial government from going bankrupt. In addition, the Marines were stationed on the island of Socotra, which had been forcibly purchased by the Empire from Portugal as a supply port for the East African Fleet.
Compared to East Africa, which was already under the control of the empire, the emperor of Southwest Africa was more troublesome, and as the exploration of black Africa by European countries accelerated, Europe and China were actively carving up this last land.
Namibia is rich in mineral resources in the southwest and is known as the "strategic metal reserve", with diamonds, uranium, copper, silver, etc., among which diamond production is well-known in the world. The mining industry is the main pillar of its economy, with 90 per cent of its mineral products exported and nearly 20 per cent of GDP generated by mining. In addition, the fishery resources of the southwest territory are abundant, and the fishing volume of Namibia in later generations ranks among the top ten fish producing countries in the world, mainly producing cod, sardines, etc., these fishery resources mainly appear in the major high-end restaurants in the empire, and are popular in the imperial catering industry as a luxury product.
In addition to the British colony in South Africa, there was another extremely important force in South Africa, the Boers. Boer is the name given to a mixed ethnic group formed by descendants of Dutch, French, and German white immigrants living in South Africa. Derived from the Dutch word "boer" (peasant). The Boers were hostile to both the native Africans and the Cape government, which was often engaged in fierce warfare with the native Africans, and the Cape government sought to curb their migration and commerce. They have their own special culture and liken their way of life to that of the Old Testament Hebrews. They were devout Calvinists who saw themselves as God's chosen people and had ordained them to rule the land. In addition, at the end of the 18th century, they also used the Afrikanan language, which was diverged from the Dutch, like the whites of other Cape colonies.
After the Napoleonic Wars, the Cape Colony became a British dependency. The Boers initially accepted British rule, but soon became dissatisfied with their liberal policies, especially regarding the borders and the freeing of slaves. From 1835 to the early 1840s, about 12,000~14,000 Boers left the colony and migrated to the open steppes and southern Natal. In 1852 the British government agreed to the inhabitants of the Transvaal** (later the Republic of South Africa) and in 1854 to the inhabitants of the Vaal-Orange River Basin** (later the Orange Free State). Both countries practiced apartheid. The formal establishment of these two free states prevented the eastward expansion of the imperial dominates in southwest Africa, which were mostly gold producing areas.
Wang Zhongqiang graduated from the Imperial University in 1850, majoring in geology and geography, and after graduation, he joined the geological expedition team of the emperor's colonial government, in fact, it is a team of explorers, and the students who graduated from the Department of geology and geography of domestic universities will be recommended by the government to work in the colonial government. At the beginning of 1864, Wang Liudong arrived at the mouth of the Congo River with his expedition, and with the expedition's more than 20 Type 40 rifles (the expedition's standard equipment, these retired rifles were sold or equipped to expeditions and migrants), he induced the tribal leaders of the Zaire Valley to accept a series of colonial treaties (they did not even understand English or anything, let alone the difficult square Chinese characters). The foundation of the empire's colonization at the mouth of the Congo River was laid, and the Congo valley was named Xinjiang by Emperor Lin Hong, meaning "new territory", and Wang Liudong was also knighted. It has become the idol of the people, and it is also the goal of a group of explorers such as Wang Zhongqiang.
Wang Zhongqiang today led the expedition team to the southeast to do land surveying and geological surveys, for the future development of data accumulation, this is not a simple job, his expedition team needs to wander in an area for several months, in addition to geological investigation and mineral search but also to record weather data, vegetation growth and soil fertility, the work of the expedition team is not to go to a strange place to plant the national flag and swear an oath of territorial sovereignty is over, that is just a formality, the empire wants tangible benefits. In fact, Wang Zhongqiang would like to be like his friend Zhou Biao to explore the Bechuana region (now Botswana), where no one has yet been to mean this unlimited opportunity and adventure, and with the Imperial Cabinet announcing plans to build the WN (Walvis Bay to Nairobi) railway, the Bechuana region will definitely be the focus of development of the emperor's colony in the future.
The expedition is now located in the middle reaches of the Orange River, roughly near Kakamas, and today Wang Zhongqiang is taking a few of his recent graduates to measure the flow of the Orange River and provide reliable data for farms downstream.
At this time, Charlie, the escort of the expedition, ran over and said hurriedly: "Sir, someone is coming from the southeast. ”