In 1877, the saltpeter wars in South America finally came to an end.

In 1876, the Peruvian Army, under the planning of Peruvian Chief of Staff Ding Ruchang, cooperated with the Navy to capture the important cities of Antofagasta and Tartal in northern Chile. On New Year's Day 1877, the Peruvian Navy shelled Copiapó and almost destroyed Copiapó, and the Peruvian Army subsequently occupied Copiapó at a very small cost.

But at this point it was no longer possible for the Peruvian army to advance south. Chile is a long and narrow country, and the Chileans have built a defensive line in Bayenar to barely stop the Peruvians, and at this time, the Peruvian army is already at the end of its strength and needs to rest, and the two countries are at a stalemate again.

But the stalemate in the Army does not mean that the Navy is not moving. The perennial naval blockade mission has cost the Peruvian Navy three old cruisers and two gunboats, and Chile is now left with one ironclad and one cowered in a port of intellect unknown to Peruvians, after all, Chile's coastline is too long.

On March 1, 1877, under the command of Peruvian Navy instructor He Jing (the status of the Peruvian Navy was about the same as Lang Willi in the Beiyang Fleet during the Qing Dynasty), the Peruvian Navy went to Santiago, the capital of Chile, with six transport ships and 3,000 soldiers on board. This time, Chile is long and narrow, and has no strategic depth, and the weakness is completely exploited by He Jing. The main fleet was raging in Valparaiso, and a cruiser landed at Viña del Mar, not far north of Valparaiso, with transport, and landed without resistance.

At this time, the main force of the Chilean army was far away in Vallenal, and Santiago's eyes were attracted by Valparaíso, and the entire Chilean capital was less than one division. Three thousand men were not sure enough to defeat Santiago, but the Chileans were already frightened by the sudden appearance of the Peruvian army. The northern line of defense was breached? Or was Valparaiso captured?

In the end, the Chileans knew, but they had already surrendered.

Peace negotiations were held in Shanghai, and the poor Chileans were completely abandoned by the British. Peru and Chile signed the Copiapo Agreement and the Treaty of Peace and Friendship. Peru gets the entire Atacama Desert and the saltpeter guano resources on it. Chinese businessmen, led by Hu Xueyan, control 63% of the world's saltpeter production. The war was a success, both in Peru and in the eyes of Chinese merchants. And it was this precedent that set a precedent for the good business style of Chinese businessmen in the future-

Nikola Tesla (Serbian: hnkoлatecлa; July 10, 1856 – January 7, 1943) was a Serbian-American inventor, physicist, mechanical engineer, electrical engineer, and futurist who is considered an important driver of the commercialization of electricity and is best known for primarily designing the modern alternating current power system. Based on the electromagnetic field theory discovered by Michael Faraday, Tesla has a number of revolutionary inventions in the field of electromagnetic fields. His numerous patents and theoretical work in electromagnetism are the cornerstones of modern wireless communication and radio. Many people think that Tesla is a traverser at least related to traversal, and Lin Hong also thinks so. However, when Tesla stood in front of him, Lin Hong felt that this was just a young man who was good at fantasy, had whimsical ideas, and kept working towards his own fantasy.

When Tesla first saw Lin Hong, he was very shocked and Lin Hong's ageless face, Tesla was not a staunch believer, his enthusiasm and mind were all in his scientific research career, but since he met the great emperor, he began to firmly believe in this god as young as him. As in history, there is a contradiction between him and Edison. When two young lads meet in the emperor's laboratory, history seems to go back to its original trajectory. However, what made Edison famous in the empire and the world was his newly invented phonograph. And Tesla is still lounging in the lab.

At this moment, our Emperor is in the royal laboratory to Tesla, Tesla, to be honest, is really a bit difficult to catch, some time ago I was quite interested in the electromagnetism presided over by Zhang Siqi (the imperial professor of electricity), and I have been soaking in electromagnetism for a few months, but I have not seen him put forward any good ideas.

And during this period of time, Tesla suddenly turned to the study of diodes, for the "Lin Hong effect" (well!) that appeared in diodes. In fact, the electric light has been fooled out by Lin Hong, and by the way, he discovered the historical "Edison effect") is very interested, for this reason, he paid a large sum of money to the laboratory, it is said that he is going to study and rebuild a new type of laboratory, so that he can study transistors.

In this regard, Lin Hong naturally did not feel the slightest pain, and immediately approved the funding of the project, and he also counted on this early research to quickly complete the electrification! This small amount of money is not worth much compared to the electrification business that will affect the second industrial revolution. Previously, due to some of the reference materials provided by Lin Hong, the experimental team led by Tesla has achieved remarkable results, especially in the steam turbine set that can be used for power generation, and has completed a type of product and is in the trial operation stage.

But Lin Hong's visit to the laboratory this time was not mainly to talk to Tesla, he was here to explore the "research and development" of submarines.

The earliest submarines date back to Leonardo da Vinci in the 15th-16th centuries. It is said that he conceived of a "ship that could sail underwater", but this ability has always been regarded as "evil", so he did not draw the design. Until the eve of World War I, submarines were still used as "ungentlemanly" weapons, and their captured crews could be punished as pirates.

The first submarine in history for military use appeared in the American ** war. David Bushnell of Yale University in the United States built the Turtle, which filled the tank with water through a foot-operated valve, allowing the boat to dive 6 meters underwater and stay underwater for about 30 minutes. The boat is equipped with two hand-crank propellers, which allow the boat to achieve a speed of about 3 knots and * the lifting and lowering of the longitudinal boat. There is a hand* pressure water pump in the boat, which discharges the water in the water tank and makes the boat float. Carry a ** bag that can be detonated with a timed fuse on the outside of the boat, which can be placed on the bottom of the enemy ship in the boat. Only one person* can be accommodated inside for the rudder and propeller. In 1776, the Turtle attempted to attack HMS HMSEAGLE, but it was the first attempt by a submarine to attack a warship.

The first submarine in history to successfully sink an enemy ship in the American Civil War. Horacelawson Hunley built the submarine HMS Hanley with a crew of eight and a hand-cranked handle-driven submarine. Its front end extends out of a ** bag, which explodes when it touches an enemy ship. At about 9 p.m. on February 17, 1864, it successfully sank the frigate USSHOUSATONIC, but itself sank by the whirlpool created by the explosion.

In the laboratory, a prototype of the Hanley, the scientists of the empire are trying to figure out how to turn it, especially the British Chinese John Philips Holland, into what the emperor called a torpedo attack submarine. But in fact, without a battery, a generator, or an electric motor, such a submarine is still far away, and the entire R&D team can only build the emperor's toys on the drawings, and the emperor is very happy about it, but in the eyes of colleagues in other departments of the laboratory, this department is like a group of dreamers