Chapter 15 Qianlong's Mausoleum

After Qianlong's death, he was buried in the Qing Eastern Mausoleum in the west of Malanyu in Zunhua City, Hebei Province.

On the day of the exodus, 72 people carried the coffin out of the Donghua Gate. At this time, the royal palace poured out, according to the Qing Dynasty system, walking in the forefront were 64 banner-leading people, holding high the banner umbrella; Then there was Qianlong's Lubo honor guard, 1,628 people. They carry a variety of weapons, flags, and a variety of paper or silk "burning". Then there are the bearers who carry the coffin, with 128 people in each shift, wearing filial piety clothes, and taking turns to carry them in three shifts. Behind the coffin was the heavily armed Eight Banners soldiers. Finally, there is the team of civil and military officials, relatives of the emperor and the clan Jueluo, and the sedan car is continuous.

In the funeral procession, there are a large number of monks, Taoist priests, nuns, Taoist aunts and lamas. He was dressed in a robe, armed with a weapon in his hand, and constantly played and chanted sutras. The whole funeral procession is more than ten miles long, from Beijing to the cemetery, hundreds of miles along the way, and there is a reed hall at intervals. The jade step of the Ludian golden tile, Zhu Bi is intertwined, very gorgeous, specially for the rest of the spirit and the funeral procession.

The eagle on the east side of the Lingling District of the Qing Dynasty flies down and looks up the mountain like a green dragon lying down, and the momentum is all westward, just like the left auxiliary; The Huanghua Mountain on the west side is like a white tiger majestic, and the east is like the right side. The mountain Changrui Mountain dragon sows the phoenix, the jade majesty is golden, such as the Jinping green barrier; Towards the mountain, Venus mountain shape is like a bell, the end arch is due south, such as holding a wat towards the chao. The shadow wall of the case mountain is round and upright, located between the mountain and the mountain, like a jade case in front of the horizontal, which can be relied on; Shuikou Mountain Elephant Mountain, Yandun Mountain two mountains face each other, the south of Hengdouling District, the shape is like a gate, guarding the pass. The Malan River and the West River are surrounded by two rivers, looking forward to being affectionate; The hall surrounded by mountains is vast and open, graceful and unhurried. The natural situation of the mountains and rivers has formed a posture of arching, encircling, and pilgrimage for the mausoleum embedded in it, and the mountain and river situation of "the sand and water of the dragon's cave is not beautiful, and the situation is rational and auspicious", and the image of "the unity of heaven and man" has been achieved. Most of the emperors, empresses, concubines, and princes of the Qing Dynasty were buried here.

According to statistics, there are five imperial tombs in the Eastern Tombs of the Qing Dynasty - the filial piety tomb of the Shunzhi Emperor, the Jingling tomb of the Kangxi Emperor, the Yuling of the Qianlong Emperor, the Dingling tomb of the Xianfeng Emperor, the Huiling of the Tongzhi Emperor, and the four tombs of the Empress Dowager of East (Ci'an) and the West (Cixi), five concubine gardens, and one princess tomb, a total of 14 queens and 136 concubines were buried.

The five mausoleums of the Eastern Tombs of the Qing Dynasty are designed and arranged according to the traditional concepts of "respecting the center", "orderly between the young and the old", and "distinguishing between the inferior and the inferior".

The filial piety mausoleum of Emperor Shunzhi is located on the central axis of the main peak of Jinxing Mountain in the south and Changrui Mountain in the north, and its position is supreme, and the rest of the emperor's mausoleum is arranged in a fan-shaped east and west on both sides of the filial piety tomb according to the height of the generation.

The left of the filial piety tomb is the Jingling of the Holy Ancestor Kangxi Emperor, and the second left is the Huiling of the Emperor Muzong Tongzhi; The right of the filial piety tomb is the Yuling of Emperor Qianlong of Gaozong, and the second right is the Dingling Tomb of Emperor Xianfeng of Wenzong, forming a pattern of children and grandchildren accompanying their fathers and ancestors, highlighting the ethical concept of respecting the elderly.

At the same time, the queen's mausoleum and the concubine's garden were built next to the emperor's mausoleum of this dynasty, indicating the master-slave and subordinate relationship between them. In addition, the Shinto of the Queen's Mausoleum is connected with the Shinto of the Emperor's Mausoleum of this dynasty, and the Shinto of each Emperor's Mausoleum is connected with the Shinto of Xiaoling on the central axis of the mausoleum area, thus forming a huge dendritic system, and the relationship between its unification and inheritance is very obvious, expressing the wish of the melon and the valley to be endless, to live and breathe, and to live and breathe.

The ancestor Shunzhi Emperor Aixin Jueluo Fulin is buried in the filial piety tomb. Buried with Fulin, there are Queen Xiaokang and Queen Xiaoxian. Empress Xiaokang was the biological mother of Emperor Kangxi. Empress Xiaoxian was the favorite concubine of Emperor Shunzhi and was posthumously honored as empress after her death.

In Jingling, the Holy Ancestor Kangxi Emperor and the four queens of Xiaocheng, Xiaozhao, Xiaoyi, and Xiaogong and the concubine of Emperor Jingmin are buried.

Emperor Qianlong of Gaozong, the two queens of Xiaoxian and Xiaoyi, and the three imperial concubines of Huixian, Zhemin and Shujia are buried in Yuling. Empress Xiaoxian is the queen of Hongli and the love of Qianlong's life. Empress Xiaoyi was the biological mother of Emperor Jiaqing.

Emperor Wenzong Xianfeng and Empress Xiaode are buried in the Dingling Tomb.

Emperor Muzong Tongzhi and Empress Xiaozhe are buried in Huiling.

In the Zhaoxi Mausoleum, Empress Xiaozhuang Wen was buried, Borzigit Bumubutai (1613-1687). She is the concubine of Emperor Taiji of Qing Taizong Aixinjue Luo, the biological mother of Emperor Shunzhi, and the grandmother of Emperor Kangxi.

In the tomb of Xiaodong, Empress Xiaohuizhang Borzigit (1641-1717), who was the empress of the Shunzhi Emperor, was honored as the empress dowager at the age of 21 and died at the age of 77, serving as the empress dowager for 57 years. She was the longest-serving queen mother of the Qing Dynasty. The mausoleum also accompanied the burial of 28 concubines of Emperor Shunzhi.

Puxiang Yuding Dongling buried Empress Xiaozhenxian Niu Hulu (1837-1881), that is, the Empress Dowager Ci'an, commonly known as the Empress Dowager of the East. She is the empress of Emperor Xianfeng. After the death of Emperor Xianfeng, he and Cixi listened to the government twice in the Tongzhi and Guangxu years for 20 years.

In the Eastern Tomb of Botuo Yuding, Empress Xiaoqinxian Yehenara (1835-1908), that is, the Empress Dowager Cixi, commonly known as the Empress Dowager of the West, was buried.

In the Jingling Imperial Concubine Garden, Emperor Kangxi's Imperial Concubine Hui and Emperor Yi's Imperial Concubine were buried.

Jingling Concubine Garden buried 48 concubines and 1 prince of Emperor Kangxi.

In the Yuling Concubine Garden, Empress Wulanala and 35 concubines who were demoted after the death of Emperor Qianlong are buried.

The 15 concubines of Emperor Xianfeng are buried in the Dingling Concubine Garden.

The four imperial concubines of the Tongzhi Emperor are buried in the Huiling Concubine Garden.

The princess garden buried the two princesses and two princes of Emperor Xuanzong Daoguang.

The filial piety tomb of Shunzhi is divided into three districts, namely the Shenlu District, the Palace District and the Shenchu Reservoir District. The Shenlu District of Xiaoling has the most abundant architectural configuration, from south to north, it is the stone memorial arch, the east and west horse pai, the big red gate, the Gufu Hall (the temple for those who pay homage to the tomb to change their clothes and rest temporarily), the Shengde Shengong Tablet Pavilion, the stone statue sheng, the Longfeng Gate, the one-hole bridge, the seven-hole bridge, the five-hole bridge, the east-west horse pai, the three-way three-hole bridge and the flat bridge. The palace area is built according to the pattern of the front and back bedrooms, from south to north in order: Shinto tablet pavilion, east and west courtroom, Longen gate, east and west furnace (place of burning paper, gong), east and west with the hall, Longen hall, mausoleum gate, two pillar gates, stone five offerings, square city, Ming building, glazed shadow wall and moon bud city, treasure city, treasure top, under the treasure top is the underground palace. The north part of the palace gate is surrounded by a wall, and there are three courtyards before and after. The Shen Kitchen Warehouse Area is located on the left side in front of the palace area, and its buildings include: Shen Kitchen (the kitchen for making sacrifices), the North and South Shen Warehouse (the storehouse for storing goods), and the Provincial Livestock Pavilion (a place for slaughtering cattle and sheep), surrounded by a wall, sitting east and facing west. A well pavilion was built outside the wall. All roofed buildings (including the walls) in the three districts are roofed with yellow glazed tiles (including the wall roofs), except for the workshop rooms, which are covered with cloth tiles. Among them, the big red gate is a single-eaves palace roof building; The Shengde Shengong Tablet Pavilion, the Shinto Tablet Pavilion, the Longen Temple, the Ming Tower and the Provincial Animal Pavilion are the heavy eaves rest on the top of the mountain building; The service hall, the Longen gate, the matching hall, and the furnace are single-eaves hilltop buildings; The court house is a single-eaves hard hilltop building; The god kitchen and the god library are single-eaves overhanging hilltop buildings; The mausoleum door is a glazed flower door; The well pavilion is a dome building; The class room is a single-eaves roll-up roof building.

Kangxi's Jingling inherited the regulations of Xiaoling, and the palace area and the Shenchu reservoir area were the same as those of Xiaoling, but the Shenlu area had major changes. The main performance is as follows: First, the divine road and the filial piety of the divine road are connected, not only the stone archway, the big red door, the service hall. Second, the Shengde Shengong Tablet Pavilion was changed to erect a double stele, and the inscriptions of the Han Dynasty were divided. 3. The stone statue has been reduced from 18 pairs to 5 pairs. Fourth, change the dragon wind door to five six pillars and five floors of the archway door (in the Daoguang period, in order to seek uniformity, the archway door is also called the dragon wind door). Fifth, the seven-hole bridge and the one-hole bridge were abolished, and the five-hole bridge and the three-way three-hole bridge were retained. Sixth, the five-hole bridge was rebuilt to the south of the stone statue.

Qianlong's Yuling basically inherited the Jingling regulations, but slightly expanded. First, a hole arch bridge has been added to the north of the archway gate in the Shenlu District. Second, the number of stone statues has increased to 8 pairs, which is 3 pairs more than Jingling. The third is to add three roads and a one-hole jade belt bridge in front of the mausoleum. Fourth, a three-hole flat bridge was added symmetrically on both sides of the three-way three-hole bridge.

Said very domineeringly.

Looking at the countless treasures and treasures moving into the underground palace with Qianlong's coffin, many people's eyes were red: so many good things, just buried like this?

He shook his head: Build the tomb on the ground, there is no silver three hundred taels here, don't you look for thieves!

Soon, the man appeared.

In July 1928, Comrade Sun Dianying, commander of the 12th Army of the Kuomintang, came to the Eastern Tomb of the Qing Dynasty in the name of "suppressing bandits", and the goal was to target Qianlong's mausoleum - Yuling.

If you dare to build blatantly, I will dare to dig with great fanfare!

Eat mine and spit it out! (To be continued.) )