Chapter 251: Cross-examination
McManus continued: "If Your Excellency Judge allows me, I would like to use this gap to remind the court, and I believe that the judges have taken note of the shooting that this witness said, and if this witness was really shot by the Japanese army, then how did he stand in the courtroom intact?" ”
Yu Sheng was furious and glanced at McManus faintly. McManus was swept by Yu Sheng's glance, but felt a chill on his neck. For the rest of his life, he not only fought with the Japanese, but he was also a top rich man, and his power had already been cultivated. On weekdays, he is mind-holding, but once he is angry, he is unstoppable.
For the rest of his life, he was not in the habit of following the rules of the common law system, and when McManus questioned the Nanjing Massacre, he was dead! Not to mention that this person indirectly helped a large number of Japanese Class A war criminals.
Wilbur ignored McManus, who looked slightly embarrassed, and said to Yu Sheng, "You can continue your answer." ”
Yu Sheng continued: "My wife and I had almost fled to the other side at that time. But, unfortunately, my wife, Ye Qingyu, was hit by a Japanese machine gun. If it weren't for the huge beams used to cross the river, I would have been hit. However, even then, I was hit in the head by that beam and passed out. When I woke up, I had already drifted down the river to Shanghai Tang. ”
This is the first time in the rest of his life that he has made his past public. A group of reporters wrote quickly, recording every word of their life narrative for the rest of their lives.
At this time, McManus, the American lawyer brought in by the Japanese, began to talk nonsense again: "Mr. President, I beg the court to allow me to speak for a few minutes on a legal issue. ”
Wilber said, "Please." ”
"My opinion, Mr. President, is that you have rejected this objection, but the court still does not fully understand my opinion," McManus said. ”
Wilbur snapped: "We always listen to you in its entirety!" ”
McManus continued: "Well, I don't want to take up the court's time to object again. But can the court hear me further? ”
All the justices, including Wilbur, are full of black lines, and being a lawyer can be this scoundrel realm, it is simply a must. Wilbur: "I don't know at all what you're going to object. You didn't tell me. ”
McManus's disgust for others, seemingly unaware: "Well, if Your Excellency Judge allows." I mentioned earlier that you rejected my objections. ”
Wilbur said helplessly: "State your objection." ”
McManus finally got the opportunity to ramble nonsense and began to speak at length, "In terms of conspiracy charges, these defendants are charged with conspiracy, they are charged for certain acts, and Your Excellency the Judge has clearly said to the prosecution on many occasions 'OK, there is a connection with conspiracy'." Of course, there is no problem, but how much freedom you will give the prosecution in this regard, therefore. The defendant can be summoned again at a later date. Thus, there is a possibility that three or four of the current accused may not be acquitted, and that such testimony will become testimony directed only against the other accused. My opinion, Mr. President, is ......"
No judge will ever listen to McManus again, because this thing has no opinion at all, he is purely here to delay the trial!
Wilber interrupted McManus's tirade: "This applies to every defendant who is proven guilty. I have allowed you to make a long speech, so that you can go down in history if you talk about it. ”
In accordance with the procedure of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East. There are four stages in which witnesses testify and are examined. That is, "direct cross-examination", "cross-examination", "re-direct communication" and "re-cross-examination". The process is extremely complex. Moreover, some stages overlap with each other, and the division is not so clear at all.
In the course of the trial of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East. When a witness is brought to the witness stand and has completed the formalities of taking an oath or similar affidavit, the direct hearing begins. Wilbur's question and answer about the rest of his life just now was a direct message. The Japanese lawyer's questioning of Wilbur's interrogation procedure, together with the questioning of the rest of his life, is actually already at the stage of cross-examination.
In the direct message stage, the executor of the direct message. This is usually the president of the tribunal or a justice. Direct examinations of witnesses usually begin with the examination of his name, age, place of origin and curriculum vitae, and then gradually move on to the case itself. The witness's answers to the questions posed by the executor are recorded in the court record, which forms the main part of the witness's testimony, which is the center of the testimony.
The next three phases. Cross-examination, cross-examination, and cross-examination are derived from this testimony center. And, due to time reasons, many times, witnesses do not go through all four stages. Rather, it only goes through one or two stages. Or, just go through the direct communication stage.
At the end of the direct interrogation stage, the cross-examination of the rest of his life by the Japanese lawyer team began.
Cross-examination is not a stage that every witness has to go through, and if an unnamed witness tells some unimportant facts, Japanese lawyers are likely to lose interest and give up cross-examination of the witness. The witness's testimony task is considered complete.
However, the rest of his life clearly does not belong to such low-key witnesses. Before Yu Sheng appeared in court to testify, the Japanese lawyer team held a meeting overnight, gearing up, ready to give Yu Sheng a good look. And in doing so, you can prove that you are worthy of the high commissions paid by your employer.
At the same time, Yu Sheng's testimony in court and his cross-examination by the Japanese lawyer team quickly became the focus of attention of major media around the world. After all, for ordinary people, the war is over, and the most important thing is to live the present life. They are not concerned with debates of a very legal nature, or boring historical documents.
Rather, it is a scene where some famous people appear in court, are interrogated, and scold each other. After all, these big names are rare to see on weekdays, and they can't get together so much. It is even more impossible to be seen being pointed at and scolded by others, and scolded back to this lively scene.
Therefore, during the trial of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, the most reported news was the content of these famous figures who testified in court and were interrogated. These famous figures include the puppet Manchurian emperor Pu Yi, the mayor of Beiping at the time of the "Lugou Bridge Incident" Qin Dechun, Wanping County Magistrate Wang Lengzhai, Miller's chief writer Powell, US Navy Admiral Richardson, British Army Colonel Weld, Tanaka Takayoshi nicknamed "military monster", and those defendants who once held high-level positions in Japan, such as Hideki Tojo, Kuniaki Koiso, Sadao Araki, Kodo Koichi, Minamijiro, Shitaro Shimada, Seishiro Itagaki, Shingoro Hashimoto, and Ishine Matsui.
And Yu Sheng is the most entertaining in this group, but the one with the weakest background. It is also the youngest, most well-known and most influential one. So the attention is also the most.
When he testified in court for the rest of his life. The auditorium was not only full, but also unusually crowded. Some people are stunned to invent the unique sitting technique of two people sitting on a chair. There were even more people standing. People are crowded, people are crowded, and there is not a single gap.
On weekdays, these bigwigs are allowed to attend the court when they appear. On the Tokyo black market, you can fetch hundreds or thousands of yen. When Yu Sheng appeared, the admission ticket on the black market rose directly to 3,000 yen! That's it, demand is still in short supply. The buyer even offered a high reward of 5,000 yen, but no one sold.
The cross-examination stage is also the most time-consuming part of the trial of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East. The time spent on cross-examination can account for half of the entire interrogation! The main reason for this is because of the Japanese delaying strategy. It does not matter which witness appears to testify on behalf of the prosecution. They will be repeatedly questioned and attacked by the Japanese lawyers. Seek to prove that the testimony of witnesses is not credible.
For example, when Qin Dechun, former vice minister of national defense of the Nanjing government, testified in court, his written testimony was read for only one or two hours during the direct interrogation stage, and the defense lawyers fought with him for more than four days during the cross-examination stage. The puppet Manchu emperor Pu Yi appeared in court to testify for a total of eight days, and the time spent on the defendant's lawyers taking turns to cross-examine took up more than seven days.
This cross-examination is a form of torture not only for those who testify in court, but also for the judges of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East. The various bizarre questions raised by the Japanese lawyers' group have given these judges a great headache.
And as the prosecution party. Prosecutor cross-examining defense witnesses provided by the Japanese defendant. This is not possible at all. For a defense witness, the only person who can carry out cross-examination is a prosecutor, and there is no way to attack the prosecutorial witness like the Japanese lawyer group.
In order to avoid an indefinite delay in the trial, the eleven justices began to impose strict limits on the scope of cross-examination. After discussion by eleven judges, a resolution was adopted at the meeting of judges. In 1946, the contract was publicly announced at the International Military Tribunal for the Far East.
The resolution declared: "The Tribunal decides, henceforth, that all cross-examination will be limited to the principal issues raised at the direct hearing." ”
This means that the questions to be asked of the witness at cross-examination must be the questions, facts or opinions expressed by the witness in his testimony at the direct examination stage.
Moreover. The question of cross-examination must also be primary, i.e. directly or materially related to the facts of the case, rather than irrelevant details. It can't be extended to other messy details.
Even so, however, the questions asked by the Japanese lawyer group are still irritating. Since Yu Sheng did not involve specific Japanese war criminals in his testimony, the cross-examination was personally conducted by Ichiro Kiyose, the deputy head of the Japanese lawyers' team.
Kiyose Ichiro asked Yu Sheng, "May I ask Mr. Yu, have you been living in Nanjing?" ”
"Yes! I made that very clear! ”
"So, do you know how far it is from Shanghai to Nanjing?"
"I haven't measured it specifically, it's about 300 kilometers." Yu Sheng heard Ichiro Kiyose ask this, and basically understood what Ichiro Kiyose wanted to say.
Kiyose Ichiro said: "There are about 300 kilometers from Nanjing to Shanghai, and if the river flow speed in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in winter is one meter per second, then the time of one kilometer will take 1,000 seconds, and 300 kilometers will take 300,000 seconds. That is, eighty-three hours, even if the river flow speed is fast when the wind blows, it can reach four or five meters per second, and the time to drift from Nanjing to the Yangtze River also takes more than 20 hours! ”
"If Mr. Yu had started rafting in the afternoon and arrived in Shanghai the next night, it might have made sense. In total, it took more than 30 hours, which is not much different from the calculation. However, the water temperature of the Yangtze River is extremely low in winter, how did you survive, Mr. Yu? ”
"According to the experimental data of Japanese scientists, when the ambient temperature drops below 10 degrees Celsius and there is no protection for people, it only takes a few hours for people to freeze to death! It is impossible for Mr. Yu to survive in the icy river water for more than 30 hours, you have been lying since the beginning! ”
"Therefore, your testimony is completely untrustworthy!"
Kiyose Ichiro's rhetorical question actually got to the point. It is completely impossible to survive in the icy river water for so long for the rest of your life. His predecessor had long since frozen to death, so he could travel from the afterlife. This almost implicates the biggest secret of the rest of his life.
However, the rest of my life has already coped. At the beginning of the crossing, he began to think about how this question should be answered.
Therefore, although Kiyose Ichiro asked the point, he had his own way to deal with it for the rest of his life.
Yu Sheng smiled: "As far as I know, Japan is an island country. The place is not big, but it is surrounded by the sea. Winter swimming is a well-known sport. If Mr. Kiyose Ichiro did not deliberately ignore this, he should know that the coldest time in winter swimming is before and after entering the water, not in the water. ”
"That's why winter swimming is happening. Yu has followed his father to practice martial arts since he was a child, practicing Sanjiu in winter and Sanfu in summer, because his home is on the edge of the Yangtze River, and swimming in the Yangtze River in winter is simply a commonplace. On weekdays and winters, they all wear single clothes. In this case, it is not a big deal to hold on to the river for a longer time. ”
"As far as I know, there have been people who have been in glass boxes filled with ice for up to two hours without any clothes. When the Japanese invaded Nanjing, although it was already winter, the temperature of the river remained at about 10 degrees. Because of this, many people dare to cross the Yangtze River. ”
"How can a person who has been swimming in winter since childhood and treating the cold as nothing, not last longer?"
What's more, when Yu went ashore, he encountered a French patrol who was attacked by the Japanese. This can be attested to by the French patrolmen who have returned to France and the patrolman Cartres, who has moved to Switzerland! ”
The Japanese lawyer team headed by Ichiro Kiyose had already investigated the information of Yu Sheng, and knew that Yu Sheng's military strength was outstanding and his physical fitness was excellent. Most of their accusations and questions for the rest of their lives are inferential. There is simply no evidence at all. Therefore, they are not so confident on the surface. (To be continued.) )
PS: McManus's was ripped from the trial records of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East.